Characteristics of Invasive Breast Ductal Carcinoma, NOS, Diagnosed in a Tertiary Institution in the East Coast of Malaysia with a Focus on Tumor Angiogenesis

Ch’ng, Ewe Seng; Sharif, Sharifah Emilia Tuan; Jaafar, Hasnan

doi:10.7314/apjcp.2012.13.9.4445

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 48 publications

(55 reference statements)

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“…Therefore, an increase in the number of capillaries indicates an increased probability of invasion and metastasis (2). Ch'ng et al (14) analyzed CD34 expression in 94 invasive ductal breast cancer tissue samples and identified that CD34 was highly expressed in the youth group (aged ≤55 years), but was not associated with other clinicopathological factors. In addition, the clinical stage of breast cancer was determined to be a major contributor to a poor prognosis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Expression of cluster of differentiation 34 and vascular endothelial growth factor in breast cancer, and their prognostic significance

Chen

et al. 2015

Oncology Letters

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Abstract. The aim of the present study was to investigate the immunohistochemical expression of cluster of differentiation (CD) 34 and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in breast cancer tissue, and their prognostic significance. High CD34 expression levels (microvessel density, >15/HPF) were identified in 27.3% (12/44) of cases, exhibiting no significant correlation with the clinicopathological characteristics of the patients. However, Kaplan-Meier analysis demonstrated that the survival time of patients with high CD34 expression was significantly shorter than that of patients with low CD34 expression (50.0 vs. 90.6%; P= 0.003). Samples with high VEGF expression levels (++ or +++) accounted for 63.6% (28/44) of the total number of cases. High VEGF expression was significantly prevalent in patients aged ≥50 years compared with patients aged <50 years (≤78.6 vs. 37.5%; P= 0.006). Furthermore, all patients with vascular invasion exhibited high VEGF expression levels; thus, patients with vascular invasion presented with significantly higher VEGF expression rates compared with patients with no vascular invasion (100.0 vs. 55.6%; P= 0.018). However, Kaplan-Meier analysis demonstrated that high VEGF expression was not correlated with the overall survival of the patients (P= 0.366). By contrast, Cox multivariate analysis identified that clinical stage, triple-negative subtype and age were independent prognostic factors for patients with breast cancer (P= 0.005, P= 0.006 and P= 0.032, respectively), and that CD34 expression was a potential independent prognostic factor (P=0.055). Therefore, the present study determined that for patients with breast cancer, a high level of CD34 expression may be a potential indicator of a poor prognosis.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Expression of cluster of differentiation 34 and vascular endothelial growth factor in breast cancer, and their prognostic significance

Chen

et al. 2015

Oncology Letters

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“…According to a study with angiogenesis, majority of the breast cancer patients had advanced stage disease with poorer prognostic factors as compared to other local and western studies. Breast cancer in younger patients might be more proangiogenic (Ch'ng et al, 2012).…”

Section: Targeting Vegfmentioning

confidence: 99%

Triple Negative Breast Cancer

Çeti̇n¹,

Topçul²

2014

Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention

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In human invasive breast ductal carcinoma, tumor stromal macrophages and tumor nest macrophages have distinct relationships with clinicopathological parameters and tumor angiogenesis

2013

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Tumor-associated macrophages play a crucial role in breast cancer progression and tumor angiogenesis. However, evaluation of tumor-associated macrophages incorporating their histological locations is lacking. The aim of this study was to clarify whether macrophages in tumor stroma and macrophages in tumor cell nests have distinctive properties in relation to pertinent breast cancer clinicopathological parameters and tumor angiogenesis. In 94 human invasive breast ductal carcinomas, tumor-associated macrophages were immunostained with anti-CD68 antibody and counted or graded according to these histological locations. Microvessels were immunostained with anti-CD34 antibody and counted for microvessel density. We found that the presence of tumor stromal and tumor nest macrophages was closely correlated (p = 0.001). Both tumor stromal and tumor nest macrophages were associated with mitotic count (p = 0.001 and p = 0.037, respectively). However, only higher tumor stromal macrophage grades were associated with higher tumor grades (p = 0.004) and negative estrogen receptor status (p = 0.007). Multivariate analysis showed that tumors with a high mitotic count score (score 3 vs. scores 1 and 2) had a higher tumor stromal macrophage density (Grades III and IV) when adjusted for tumor size, tubule formation, and estrogen receptor status (odds ratio 3.41, p = 0.010). The tumor nest macrophage count significantly correlated with the microvessel density (p < 0.001). These results imply that tumor stromal macrophages and tumor nest macrophages residing in different tumor microenvironments have distinctive roles.

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Characteristics of Invasive Breast Ductal Carcinoma, NOS, Diagnosed in a Tertiary Institution in the East Coast of Malaysia with a Focus on Tumor Angiogenesis

Cited by 4 publications

References 48 publications

Expression of cluster of differentiation 34 and vascular endothelial growth factor in breast cancer, and their prognostic significance

Expression of cluster of differentiation 34 and vascular endothelial growth factor in breast cancer, and their prognostic significance

Triple Negative Breast Cancer

In human invasive breast ductal carcinoma, tumor stromal macrophages and tumor nest macrophages have distinct relationships with clinicopathological parameters and tumor angiogenesis

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