Characteristics of industrially manufactured amorphous hydrogenated carbon (a-C:H) depositions on high-density polyethylene

Catena, Alberto; Agnello, S.; Rösken, Liz M.; Bergen, Helmut; Recktenwald, Etienne; Bernsmann, Falk; Busch, Heinz; Cannas, Marco; Gelardi, F. M.; Hahn, Barbara; Wehner, Stefan; Fischer, Christian B.

doi:10.1016/j.carbon.2015.09.101

Cited by 45 publications

(99 citation statements)

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“…As shown in Figure , the first treatment induced no relevant change to the G, 2D Raman bands apart from a small decrease of their intensity ratio from 2.8 down to 2.0. The successive vacuum treatment up to 18.5 h gives a blue shift of the two bands, some further reduction of their intensity ratio and the appearance of a large unresolved signal below the G band that can be associated to some amorphous carbon contribution arising from residual PMMA carbonization . The treatment of a sample in CO 2 atmosphere gives again minor changes to the positions of the Raman bands and a decrease of their intensity ratio down to 1.7.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 95%

Graphene‐SiO₂ Interaction from Composites to Doping

Armano

Buscarino

Cannas

et al. 2019

Physica Status Solidi (a)

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An overview of the interaction between monolayer graphene and SiO2 dielectric substrate is reported focusing on the effect this latter has on doping and strain induced by thermal treatments in controlled atmosphere. The disentanglement of strain and doping is highlighted and the comparison with another dielectric substrate of Al2O3 evidences the critical role that the substrate has in the electronic properties of graphene. The reported results pave the way for microelectronic devices based on graphene on dielectrics and for Fermi level tuning in composites of graphene and nanoparticles.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 95%

Graphene‐SiO₂ Interaction from Composites to Doping

Armano

Buscarino

Cannas

et al. 2019

Physica Status Solidi (a)

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“…The coating process is described in detail elsewhere [5,20,21], but here only briefly: Sample holders were placed 275 mm in front of the plasma source. This direct alignment results in so-called r-type diamond-like carbon (DLC) coatings [20][21][22][23]. An initial oxygen plasma (10 min, 200 W, 1 Pa, 65 sccm/min) cleaned and activated the PHB surface for further coating.…”

Section: Sample Preparation and Film Depositionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changing Contents of Carbon Hybridizations in Amorphous Hydrogenated Carbon Layers (a-C:H) on Sustainable Polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) Exhibit a Significant Deterioration in Stability, Depending on Thickness

Schlebrowski

Beucher

Bazzi

et al. 2019

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PHB is a biodegradable polymer based on renewable raw materials that could replace synthetic polymers in many applications. A big advantage is the resulting reduction of the waste problem, as well as the conservation of fossil resources. To arrange it for various applications, the surface is arranged by plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD) with amorphous hydrogenated carbon layers (a-C:H). Here, on a 50 µm thick PHB-foil, a-C:H layers of different thicknesses (0-500 nm) were deposited in 50 nm steps. Surface topography was investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), chemical composition by diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform (DRIFT) spectroscopy and wettability checked by contact angle. In addition, layers were examined by synchrotron supported X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and near edge X-ray absorption fine structure (NEXAFS), which revealed thickness dependent changes of the sp 2 /sp 3 ratio. With increasing thickness, even the topography changes show internal, stress-induced phenomena. The results obtained provide a more detailed understanding of the predominantly inorganic a-C:H coatings on (bio)polymers via in situ growth.

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“…In a previous study of a‐C:H on silicon (100), these grains were also detected for the 500 nm sample. The presence of grains is indicative for a homogenous carbon growth on these samples (Figure b,c) . The surface morphologies of a‐C:H@Si (Figure b) and Ru@a‐C:H@Si (Figure c) appear identical at the AFM analysis, which supports a small amount of attached Ru‐complex 5 without changing the main morphology.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 59%

“…This noticeable difference may be due to slightly different plasma species composition during the industrial deposition process. The increased roughness values found between raw silicon material and deposited samples (Table ) is related to the presence of grains during deposition that act as bumps corrugating the surface profiles …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The reactive plasma species are generated from volatile CH‐containing gases such as methane, ethane, ethyne (acetylene), etc. Substrates used are not restricted to hard materials like metals but also soft polymers have emerged in recent years for their suitability of a‐C:H coatings . This material combination showed additional characteristics like biocompatibility, reduced biofilm formation and changed barrier properties, rendering it of interest to be used for food packaging, but also for applications in the biomedical sector …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Attaching Photochemically Active Ruthenium Polypyridyl Complex Units to Amorphous Hydrogenated Carbon (a‐C:H) Layers

Schink

Catena

Heintz

et al. 2018

Adv Materials Inter

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Amorphous hydrogenated carbon (a-C:H) films are applied 500 nm thick on Si(100) via plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD) using ethyne. Present plasma conditions enrich the sp 2 -content especially toward the outermost a-C:H layers, which in turn are used to attach a photoactive Ru-polypyridyl complex to the surface. An azo-bridged dinuclear Ru-polypyridyl complex is optimized in synthesis and the final mononuclear fragment attached on a-C:H photochemically under UV-irradiation with concomitant N 2 release. The Ru-polypyridyl complex is characterized by MS, NMR, IR, UV/vis, fluorescence spectroscopy, and time-dependent density functional theory (DFT) calculations. Crystallographic data for the intermediate 4-nitro-2-(pyridin-2-yl)pyridine 1-oxide as essential precursor are established. Morphological characteristics of the a-C:H @ Si and final Ru(complex) @ a-C:H @ Si combinations are determined by atomic force microscopy (AFM) revealing individual grain-like structures. The presence of Ru on the a-C:H @ Si surface is initially verified qualitatively by laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) and by inductively coupled plasma-sector field mass spectrometry (ICP-SF-MS) after chemical digestion. With laser ablation-ICP-MS mapping, full Ru coverage is proven, also revealing inhomogeneities in terms of "Ru hot spots". The current investigation proves the successful attachment of a Ru-complex on a-C:H and indicates a starting point for the development of further material combinations for feasible sunlight to energy conversions. Surface FunctionalizationThe ORCID identification number(s) for the author(s) of this article can be found under https://doi.

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Characteristics of industrially manufactured amorphous hydrogenated carbon (a-C:H) depositions on high-density polyethylene

Cited by 45 publications

References 41 publications

Graphene‐SiO₂ Interaction from Composites to Doping

Graphene‐SiO₂ Interaction from Composites to Doping

Changing Contents of Carbon Hybridizations in Amorphous Hydrogenated Carbon Layers (a-C:H) on Sustainable Polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) Exhibit a Significant Deterioration in Stability, Depending on Thickness

Attaching Photochemically Active Ruthenium Polypyridyl Complex Units to Amorphous Hydrogenated Carbon (a‐C:H) Layers

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Characteristics of industrially manufactured amorphous hydrogenated carbon (a-C:H) depositions on high-density polyethylene

Cited by 45 publications

References 41 publications

Graphene‐SiO2 Interaction from Composites to Doping

Graphene‐SiO2 Interaction from Composites to Doping

Changing Contents of Carbon Hybridizations in Amorphous Hydrogenated Carbon Layers (a-C:H) on Sustainable Polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) Exhibit a Significant Deterioration in Stability, Depending on Thickness

Attaching Photochemically Active Ruthenium Polypyridyl Complex Units to Amorphous Hydrogenated Carbon (a‐C:H) Layers

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Graphene‐SiO₂ Interaction from Composites to Doping

Graphene‐SiO₂ Interaction from Composites to Doping