Characteristics of Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, Moraxella catarrhalis and Staphylococcus aureus isolated from the nasopharynx of healthy children attending day-care centres in the Czech Republic

Žemličková, Helena; Urbášková, P; Adámková, Václava; Motlová, J; Lebedova, Vera; Procházka, Bohumír

doi:10.1017/s0950268806006157

Cited by 49 publications

(57 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Pneumococcus was identified in 43% of children attending day care centres in Vilnius. This carriage rate was similar to that in geographically close regions: 44% in Estonia (13), 47% in St. Petersburg, Russia (14) and 38% in Czech Republic (15). Six serotypes (19F, 23F, 6B, 6A, 3 and 18C) from the 33 identified were predominant and comprised almost 60% of all isolates.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 78%

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Streptococcus pneumoniae carriage and salivary antibodies induced by pneumococcus in Vilnius preschool children

Mauricas¹,

Petraitienė²,

Kvietkauskaite³

et al. 2009

Acta medica Lituanica

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Background. Streptococcus pneumoniae (pneumococcus) is a potential respiratory pathogen causing high-risk diseases, particularly in young children. Otherwise, carriage of pneumococcus may be asymptomatic depending on the serotype and the immune system of the individual. The aim of this study was to determine nasopharyngeal carriage rates, serotype distribution and to evaluate the mucosal immune response to S. pneumoniae infection in healthy 2-7-year-old children attending day care centres in Vilnius, Lithuania.Materials and methods. Nasopharyngeal (n = 601) and saliva samples were collected randomly. A pneumotest kit (Statens Serum Institute, Denmark) was used for serogrouping / serotyping; the sandwich ELISA with a double monoclonal system was used for immunoglobulin concentration measurement.Results. Carriage rate in the children's population was 43%; from 33 serotypes found, the following six prevailed: 19F, 23F, 6B, 6A, 3 and 18C, which accounted for 58% of isolates. The carriage rates in children over four were found to be decreased. The concentrations of total and specific salivary antibodies of three isotypes (IgA, IgM and IgG) in carriers of six pneumococcal serotypes (3, 6B, 14, 18C, 19F and 23F) were measured.Conclusions. The carriage rates and prevalent serotypes of S. pneumoniae in healthy preschool Lithuanian children were similar as in the neighbouring states. The response of total and specific salivary antibodies was found to be serotypespecific. The pneumococcal carriage stimulated the production of not only specific antibodies, but also of total immunoglobulins of S-IgA, IgM and IgG isotypes.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 78%

“…Six serotypes (19F, 23F, 6B, 6A, 3 and 18C) from the 33 identified were predominant and comprised almost 60% of all isolates. The prevalent serotypes represented a similar distribution in the neighbouring states (13)(14)(15).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 68%

Streptococcus pneumoniae carriage and salivary antibodies induced by pneumococcus in Vilnius preschool children

Mauricas¹,

Petraitienė²,

Kvietkauskaite³

et al. 2009

Acta medica Lituanica

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“…A high carriage rate of S. pneumoniae, H. influenzae, S. aureus and M. catarrhalis was found, even though our study included children older than the populations usually studied. Previous European studies focusing on similar age groups found lower carriage rates [14,22]. Our data might be explained by the use of aspirates rather than swabs as sampling technique as well as enrichment broth for S. aureus recovery.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 40%

Differences in nasopharyngeal bacterial carriage in preschool children from different socio-economic origins

Jourdain

Smeesters

Denis

et al. 2011

Clinical Microbiology and Infection

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A prospective cohort study of preschool healthy children (3-6 years old) from two distinct socio-economic settings in the Brussels area, Belgium, was conducted during the years 2006-2008. The objectives were to evaluate nasopharyngeal colonization by Streptococcus pneumoniae, Staphylococcus aureus, Moraxella catarrhalis and Haemophilus influenzae at the time of PCV7 vaccine introduction and to assess the socio-economic level impact on flora composition and antibiotic resistance. Three hundred and thirty-three children were included and a total of 830 nasopharyngeal samples were collected together with epidemiological data. Pneumococcal serotypes and antibiotic resistance profiles were determined. Risk factors for carriage and bacterial associations were analysed by multivariate logistic regression. Carriage rates were high for all pathogens. Fifty per cent of the children were colonized at least once with S. aureus, 69% with S. pneumoniae, 67% with M. catarrhalis and 83% with H. influenzae. PCV7 uptake was higher among children from a higher socio-economic setting and S. pneumoniae serotypes varied accordingly. Children from lower socio-economic schools were more likely to carry M. catarrhalis, S. aureus and antibiotic-resistant S. pneumoniae, including a high proportion of non-typeable pneumococcal strains. Positive associations between S. pneumoniae and H. Influenza, between H. influenzae and M. catarrhalis and between H. influenzae and S. aureus were detected. Our study indicates that nasopharynx flora composition is influenced not only by age but also by socio-economic settings. A child's nasopharynx might represent a unique dynamic environment modulated by intricate interactions between bacterial species, host immune system and PCV7 immunization.

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“…A negative association could occur when bacteria compete within same environment. Several studies have described a negative association between S. pneumoniae and S. aureus (12)(13)(14)(15)(16). Understanding of interactions between S. pneumoniae, H. infl uenzae, M. catarrhalis, and S. aureus is limited.…”

Section: Learning Objectivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbial Interactions during Upper Respiratory Tract Infections

Pettigrew¹,

Gent²,

Revai³

et al. 2008

Emerg. Infect. Dis.

164

140

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Characteristics of Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, Moraxella catarrhalis and Staphylococcus aureus isolated from the nasopharynx of healthy children attending day-care centres in the Czech Republic

Cited by 49 publications

References 31 publications

<i>Streptococcus pneumoniae</i> carriage and salivary antibodies induced by pneumococcus in Vilnius preschool children

<i>Streptococcus pneumoniae</i> carriage and salivary antibodies induced by pneumococcus in Vilnius preschool children

Differences in nasopharyngeal bacterial carriage in preschool children from different socio-economic origins

Microbial Interactions during Upper Respiratory Tract Infections

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