Characteristics of Harmonic Distortions in Residential Distribution Systems

Wang, Yang; Yong, Jiongmin; Sun, Yuanyuan; Xu, Wilsun; Wong, Daniel

doi:10.1109/tpwrd.2016.2606431

Cited by 84 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…This was illustrated by several studies on the impact of compact fluorescent lamps and LED lamps on the waveform distortion. Simulation studies concluded that the voltage and current distortion would increase [71,72]; measurements showed however that this was not the case and that the distortion was simply not impacted [73][74][75][76]. Acceptable harmonic models exist for the components of the power system (cables, lines and transformers) but several barriers remain before a complete model is available for use in hosting-capacity studies:…”

Section: Calculation Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This holds for the aggregation between different new devices (e.g., between different PV inverters) but also for the aggregation between the new devices and the background distortion. The aggregation between individual wind turbines has been studied by some authors [90][91][92] but it is not known if similar conclusions hold for PV inverters, EV chargers or other large low-voltage equipment like heat pumps [22,71,93].…”

Section: Calculation Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Hosting Capacity of the Power Grid for Renewable Electricity Production and New Large Consumption Equipment

2017

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After a brief historical introduction to the hosting-capacity approach, the hosting capacity is presented in this paper as a tool for distribution-system planning under uncertainty. This tool is illustrated by evaluating the readiness of two low-voltage networks for increasing amounts of customers with PV panels or with EV chargers. Both undervoltage and overvoltage are considered in the studies presented here. Probability distribution functions are calculated for the worst-case overvoltage and undervoltage as a function of the number of customers with PV or EV chargers. These distributions are used to obtain 90th percentile values that act as a performance index. This index is compared with an overvoltage or undervoltage limit to get the hosting capacity. General aspects of the hosting-capacity calculations (performance indices, limits, and calculation methods) are discussed for a number of other phenomena: overcurrent; fast voltage magnitude variations; voltage unbalance; harmonics and supraharmonics. The need for gathering data and further development of models for existing demand is emphasised in the discussion and conclusions.An international working group [22] recently presented a number of recommendations, key findings and open issues to be addressed because of the integration of solar power. Recommendations were given for a number of power-quality phenomena, including harmonics, supraharmonics, fast voltage variations (faster than 10-min time scale), slow voltage variations (slower than 10 min), overvoltage, flicker, and voltage unbalance. The hosting capacity approach, as was proposed by an international cooperation project in 2004 (see Section 2) is put forward in the report as an important tool for quantifying the impact of solar power on the power system. Additional work is needed, according to the report, for establishing suitable performance indices and corresponding limits.This paper consists of three main parts. It starts in Section 2 with an overview, partly from a historical insider perspective, of the hosting-capacity approach. This part also includes a discussion on different kinds of uncertainly. A hosting-capacity-based planning approach is presented in Section 3, applied in Section 4.1 through Section 4.6 and discussed in Section 4.7. The description and the application are for overvoltage and undervoltage as these are the phenomena, with the possible exception of overcurrent, for which the best calculation tools, performance indices and limits are available. The third part of the paper contains a detailed discussion about including other phenomena in hosting-capacity studies. For each phenomenon, performance indices, limits and calculation methods are discussed. Hosting CapacityThe term "hosting capacity" was coined in the context of distributed generation by André Even in March 2004 during discussions within the integrated European EU-DEEP project [23,24]. An approach for quantifying the hosting capacity was developed further by others within that same project [25]. The term "hosting capa...

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Section: Calculation Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Calculation Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hosting Capacity of the Power Grid for Renewable Electricity Production and New Large Consumption Equipment

2017

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“…Estimation errors occur due to the phase displacement of sin(ωt) and the fundamental in v P CC , which are caused by the relative phase and magnitude of the voltage harmonics in v P CC . Replacing the ZCD by a PLL avoids such effects, however, it must be considered that the T HD V in residential feeders is usually in the range (1%,3%) [58], which limits the potential phase errors to less than a maximum 3.3 degrees. The effects of the voltage harmonic distortion on the estimation of V P CC,peak are mitigated by the outer voltage control loop of the PQE, which adjusts the amplitude of i P QE .…”

Section: Implementation Of the Pqe Controllermentioning

confidence: 99%

Power Quality Enhancement in Residential Smart Grids Through Power Factor Correction Stages

López

Azcondo

Pigazo

2018

IEEE Trans. Ind. Electron.

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The proliferation of non-linear loads and the increasing penetration of Distributed Energy Resources (DER) in Medium-Voltage (MV) and Low-Voltage (LV) distribution grids, make it more difficult to maintain the power quality levels in residential electrical grids, especially in the case of weak grids. Most household appliances contain a conventional Power Factor Corrector (PFC) rectifier, which maximizes the load Power Factor (PF) but does not contribute to the regulation of the voltage Total Harmonic Distortion (T HDV) in residential electrical grids. This manuscript proposes a modification for PFC controllers by adapting the operation mode depending on the measured T HDV. As a result, the PFCs operate either in a low current Total Harmonic Distortion (T HDI) mode or in the conventional resistor emulator mode and contribute to the regulation of the T HDV and the P F at the distribution feeders. To prove the concept, the modification is applied to a current sensorless Non-Linear Controller (NLC) applied to a single-phase Boost rectifier. Experimental results show its performance in a PFC front-end stage operating in Continuous Conduction Mode (CCM) connected to the grid with different T HDV .

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“…On the other hand, power electronic devices, as in the case of voltage source converters, switch-mode power supplies, power electronic converters and fluorescent lights (with electronic ballasts), which are some kind of power electronic devices [18][19][20]. The distortions in the power network can influence negatively the functions of some equipment, making them respond in an unpredicted manner when subjected to multiple frequencies [21][22][23][24]. Due to this fact methods to monitoring the sources of harmonics system have been developed to quantify/qualify the effects of the distortion in the system [25][26][27][28][29].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of the Electrical Quantities Measured by Revenue Meters Under Different Voltage Distortions and the Influences on the Electrical Energy Billing

et al. 2019

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This paper evaluates the impact of voltage distortion on the electrical quantities measured by revenue meters and the influences on the electrical energy billing. This is done through an experimental setup, which combines the following variables for the first time in an experiment: different total harmonic voltage distortion (THDv) levels; among these levels, different harmonic profiles; and different loads. A programmable alternating current (AC) power source was used in the laboratory to apply voltage signals in three electronic loads: a compact fluorescent lamp (CFL) and two light emitting diode (LED) lighting devices for which voltage signals with THDv 4.9%, 18.8% and 24.5% have been applied. All applied signals contain one or more harmonic order more commonly found in the low voltage grid (3rd, 5th and 7th). For these analyses, a power quality analyzer and a revenue meter were used. The results show that significant and diverse effects on the electrical quantities of individual loads will occur with different THDv levels and harmonic profiles. Comparing with a reference case (sinusoidal condition), when a distorted signal was applied, for the same THDv level, some parameters remained numerically the same, some have improved and some have become worse. This study shows that the effects of combination of the variables such as different THDv level with different harmonic profiles on electrical quantities of loads are not as clear as the effects of considering only one variable. The results of this paper shed light on such effects.

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Characteristics of Harmonic Distortions in Residential Distribution Systems

Cited by 84 publications

References 14 publications

Hosting Capacity of the Power Grid for Renewable Electricity Production and New Large Consumption Equipment

Hosting Capacity of the Power Grid for Renewable Electricity Production and New Large Consumption Equipment

Power Quality Enhancement in Residential Smart Grids Through Power Factor Correction Stages

Analysis of the Electrical Quantities Measured by Revenue Meters Under Different Voltage Distortions and the Influences on the Electrical Energy Billing

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