Characteristics of guided waves in indefinite-medium waveguides

Pan, Tao; Zang, Taocheng; Sun, Jian

doi:10.1016/j.optcom.2008.01.042

Cited by 20 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Thus these guided modes are backward waves, which means that the flow of the power is antiparallel to wave vector propagation direction, even if chirality parameter κ is very small or zero. This phenomenon is consistent with the result in the slab of uniaxial anisotropic media [37,38]. This feature may have potential application in phase compensation or coupling devices.…”

Section: Case Ii: εsupporting

confidence: 90%

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Characteristics of Guided Modes in Uniaxial Chiral Circular Waveguides

Dong¹,

Li²

2012

PIER

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Abstract-The characteristics of guided modes in the circular waveguide consist of uniaxial chiral medium have been investigated. The characteristic equation of guided modes is derived. The dispersion curves and energy flux of guided modes for three kinds of uniaxial chiral media are presented. Unusual dispersion characteristics and negative energy flux are found, i.e., backward wave is supported in the uniaxial chiral waveguide.

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Section: Case Ii: εsupporting

confidence: 90%

“…Slab or planar waveguides consisting of uniaxial anisotropic non-chiral media have also been examined [37,38]. In our previous papers, novel characteristics of guided modes in the isotropic chiral negative refractive index fiber [17] and chiral nihility fiber [22,23] have been investigated.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characteristics of Guided Modes in Uniaxial Chiral Circular Waveguides

Dong¹,

Li²

2012

PIER

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“…Such a capability is potentially important for building nanoscale optical cavities [22] and deep-subwavelength optical waveguides [23, 24] with strong optical energy confinement. In reality, besides natural indefinite media such as graphite in the ultraviolet spectrum [25], an indefinite metamaterial is usually constructed with metal-dielectric multilayer structures [6]rather than metallic nanowires array embedded in dielectrics [15] due to the difficulties of device fabrication.Since optical waveguides play an important role in many fundamental studies of optical physics at nanoscale and in exciting applications in nanophotonics, optical waveguides based on indefinite metamaterials have been recently studied [19,20, 23,24,[26][27][28][29], in order to obtain novel optical properties beyond the conventional dielectric waveguides, especially slow light propagation [19,20], surface modes guidance [28,29], as well as subwavelength mode compression [23,24]. In this paper, we propose deep-subwavelength optical waveguides based on metal-dielectric multilayer indefinite metamaterials, which support waveguide modes with tight…”

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confidence: 99%

Nanoscale metamaterial optical waveguides with ultrahigh refractive indices

Gao

et al. 2012

J. Opt. Soc. Am. B

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The emergence of metamaterials with artificially engineered subwavelength composites offers a new perspective on light manipulation and exhibits intriguing optical phenomena such as negative refraction [1][2][3], sub-diffraction imaging [4][5][6], invisible cloaking [7][8][9] and high index of refraction [10][11][12]. One unique kind of optical metamaterials is the indefinite metamaterial with extreme anisotropy, in which not all the principal components of the permittivity tensor have the same sign [13].The non-magnetic design and the off-resonance operation of the indefinite metamaterial can considerably reduce the optical absorption associated with conventional metamaterials [14]. Since optical waveguides play an important role in many fundamental studies of optical physics at nanoscale and in exciting applications in nanophotonics, optical waveguides based on indefinite metamaterials have been recently studied [19,20, 23,24,[26][27][28][29], in order to obtain novel optical properties beyond the conventional dielectric waveguides, especially slow light propagation [19,20], surface modes guidance [28,29], as well as subwavelength mode compression [23,24]. In this paper, we propose deep-subwavelength optical waveguides based on metal-dielectric multilayer indefinite metamaterials, which support waveguide modes with tight (1 )where f m is the volume filling ratio of silver, ε d and ε m are the permittivity corresponding to germanium and silver, respectively. The permittivity of germanium is ε d = 16, and the optical properties of silver are described by the Drude model Since large wave vectors are supported in indefinite metamaterials due to the hyperbolic dispersion, ultrahigh refractive indices can be reached, which will enable the formation of optical waveguides with deep subwavelength cross sections based on the total internal reflection (TIR) at the interface between metamaterial and air, as illustrated in Fig. 1(a). gives the distributions of optical field components for (1, m y ) mode calculated with the effective medium method, which agree very well with the multilayer results in Fig. 2(a). where k 0 is the free space wave vector corresponding to the free space wavelength λ 0 .The components of effective refractive index n eff are related to wave vector components along different directions, as (n eff,x , n eff,y , n eff,z ) = (k x /k 0 , k y /k 0 , k z /k 0 ). The 3D hyperboloid iso-frequency contour (IFC) of indefinite metamaterial in k-space for a specific λ 0 is shown in Fig. 4(a Fig. 4 (b) to the y direction in Fig. 4(c). According to Fig. 4(b), there are no mode cutoff for the (1, m y ) modes. However, the (3, 1) and (3, 2) modes have cutoff at λ 0 = 1.55 μm in Fig. 4(c), since k z is not available for the given mode orders.For λ 0 = 1 μm, the dispersion curve has much lower k y , so that all the (3, m y ) modes still exist.The effects of waveguide cross sections on the mode cutoff are then studied at a fixed wavelength of λ 0 = 1.55 μm. By varying the waveguide height L y or the 8 waveguide widt...

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“…We note waveguides made with hyperbolic materials can carry positive and negative group velocity modes depending on frequency 36 37 38 39 40 . This may lend itself for backward propagating SHG, which can be highly efficient 41 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

New avenues for phase matching in nonlinear hyperbolic metamaterials

Duncan

Perret

Palomba

et al. 2015

Sci Rep

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Nonlinear optical processes, which are of paramount importance in science and technology, involve the generation of new frequencies. This requires phase matching to avoid that light generated at different positions interferes destructively. Of the two original approaches to achieve this, one relies on birefringence in optical crystals, and is therefore limited by the dispersion of naturally occurring materials, whereas the other, quasi-phase-matching, requires direct modulation of material properties, which is not universally possible. To overcome these limitations, we propose to exploit the unique dispersion afforded by hyperbolic metamaterials, where the refractive index can be arbitrarily large. We systematically analyse the ensuing opportunities and demonstrate that hyperbolic phase matching can be achieved with a wide range of material parameters, offering access to the use of nonlinear media for which phase matching cannot be achieved by other means. With the rapid development in the fabrication of hyperbolic metamaterials, our approach is destined to bring significant advantages over conventional techniques for the phase matching of a variety of nonlinear processes.

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Characteristics of guided waves in indefinite-medium waveguides

Cited by 20 publications

References 23 publications

Characteristics of Guided Modes in Uniaxial Chiral Circular Waveguides

Characteristics of Guided Modes in Uniaxial Chiral Circular Waveguides

Nanoscale metamaterial optical waveguides with ultrahigh refractive indices

New avenues for phase matching in nonlinear hyperbolic metamaterials

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