Characteristics of Flow Structure around Cylindrical Bridge Piers in Pressure-Flow Conditions

Carnacina, Iacopo; Leonardi, Nicoletta; Pagliara, Stefano

doi:10.3390/w11112240

Cited by 18 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…The comparative study of u v , u w and v w along the pier's mid-plane for the eroded bed experiments was also performed, as illustrated in Bearing in mind that the Reynolds shear stresses are linked to the capacity of the stream to transport sediments and indicate the exchange of turbulent momentum between layers of a stream [44,45], it is understandable that such capacity increases with the developing scour holes, and the region with large value enlarges and moves upstream of the correspondent scour hole.…”

Section: Reynolds Shear Stressesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental Characterization of the Flow Field around Oblong Bridge Piers

Bento

Viseu

Pêgo

et al. 2021

Fluids

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The prediction of scour evolution at bridge foundations is of utmost importance for engineering design and infrastructures’ safety. The complexity of the scouring inherent flow field is the result of separation and generation of multiple vortices and further magnified due to the dynamic interaction between the flow and the movable bed throughout the development of a scour hole. In experimental environments, the current approaches for scour characterization rely mainly on measurements of the evolution of movable beds rather than on flow field characterization. This paper investigates the turbulent flow field around oblong bridge pier models in a well-controlled laboratory environment, for understanding the mechanisms of flow responsible for current-induced scour. This study was based on an experimental campaign planned for velocity measurements of the flow around oblong bridge pier models, of different widths, carried out in a large-scale tilting flume. Measurements of stream-wise, cross-wise and vertical velocity distributions, as well as of the Reynolds shear stresses, were performed at both the flat and eroded bed stages of scouring development with a high-resolution acoustic velocimeter. The time-averaged values of velocity and shear stress are larger in the presence of a developed scour hole than in the corresponding flat bed configuration.

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Section: Reynolds Shear Stressesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental Characterization of the Flow Field around Oblong Bridge Piers

Bento

Viseu

Pêgo

et al. 2021

Fluids

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“…Both urbanization and changes in farming practices are part of this demand. Storm surge, hurricane activity, sea level rise, and other natural processes are all associated with an overall increase in the risk of catastrophic occurrences [1][2][3][4]. As a result, many outdated infrastructures, including bridges, were constructed years ago.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

ML and CFD Simulation of Flow Structure around Tandem Bridge Piers in Pressurized Flow

Azma¹,

Kiyanfar²,

Liu³

et al. 2023

Computers, Materials &Amp; Continua

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Various regions are becoming increasingly vulnerable to the increased frequency of floods due to the recent changes in climate and precipitation patterns throughout the world. As a result, specific infrastructures, notably bridges, would experience significant flooding for which they were not intended and would be submerged. The flow field and shear stress distribution around tandem bridge piers under pressurized flow conditions for various bridge deck widths are examined using a series of three-dimensional (3D) simulations. It is indicated that scenarios with a deck width to pier diameter (Ld/p) ratio of 3 experience the highest levels of turbulent disturbance. In addition, maximum velocity and shear stresses occur in cases with Ld/p equal to 6. Results indicate that increasing the number of piers from 1 to 2 and 3 results in the increase of bed shear stress by 24% and 20% respectively. Finally, five machine learning algorithms, including Decision Trees (DT), Feed Forward Neural Networks (FFNN), and three Ensemble models, are implemented to estimate the flow field and the turbulent structure. Results indicated that the highest accuracy for estimation of U, and W, were obtained using AdaBoost ensemble with R 2 = 0.946 and 0.951, respectively. Besides, the Random Forest algorithm outperformed AdaBoost slightly in the estimation of V and turbulent kinetic energy (TKE) with R 2 = 0.894 and 0.951, respectively.

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“…Gautam et al [13] used PIV to observe the flow field around a complex array column and found that the average flow velocity and turbulence parameters around the array column were lower than those around a single column. Carnacina [14] studied the average three-dimensional flow velocities, turbulence intensities, Reynolds stress, and turbulent kinetic energy for a cross-section corresponding to the center of the pier using a Nortek acoustic velocimeter. With the progress of computer technology, scholars have started using numerical models to predict the flow structure around piers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrodynamic Characteristics at Intersection Areas of Ship and Bridge Pier with Skew Bridge

Li¹,

Zhang²,

et al. 2022

Water

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Ships sailing in the area of a bridge are vulnerable to the influence of complex water flow, due to the complex flow pattern around the bridge pier. Ships often crash into bridge piers, leading to serious economic losses and threating personal safety. Based on the common forms of piers of skew bridges, the hydrodynamic problems encountered during ship–bridge interactions in the area of a skew bridge were studied using particle image velocimetry-based flume testing, physical model testing, and numerical simulation. The influence of the flow angle of attack of a round-ended pier on the force and center of gravity of a ship moving on both sides of a pier is discussed under various ship–bridge transverse spacings. The results show that as a ship passes through the bridge area, the bow roll moment exhibits three peak values: ‘positive’, ‘negative’, and ‘positive’, and the curve of the center of gravity position forms the shape of a ‘straw hat’. With an increase in the flow angle of attack of the pier, the negative peak value and the second positive peak value of the bow roll moment of the ship passing through the back flow side of the pier become greater than those on the upstream side. Moreover, the ship’s navigation attitude is more unstable compared to that upstream, and the ship is at risk of colliding with the pier and sweeping. The width of the restricted water area, determined by the hydrodynamic action between the ship and bridge in the skew bridge area, is the same as that determined by the critical lateral velocity. For the ship class referred to in this study, the current code can also be used in channel design, to safeguard ship and personal safety with piers with a large flow angle of attack.

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Characteristics of Flow Structure around Cylindrical Bridge Piers in Pressure-Flow Conditions

Cited by 18 publications

References 46 publications

Experimental Characterization of the Flow Field around Oblong Bridge Piers

Experimental Characterization of the Flow Field around Oblong Bridge Piers

ML and CFD Simulation of Flow Structure around Tandem Bridge Piers in Pressurized Flow

Hydrodynamic Characteristics at Intersection Areas of Ship and Bridge Pier with Skew Bridge

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