Characteristics of Disturbed Sleep in Patients With Fibromyalgia Compared With Insomnia or With Pain-Free Volunteers

Abstract

Increased frequency of wake and sleep bouts and decreased wake bout duration, together with decreased LPS and increased SWS, suggests that sleep in FM is characterized by an inability to maintain continuous sleep but a greater sleep drive compared with PI.

Hippocampal oscillatory dynamics and sleep atonia are altered in an animal model of fibromyalgia: Implications in the search for biomarkers

“…Sleep disorders are a common symptom of FMS (Roehrs et al, ; Roth et al, ; Wolfe et al, ). Given the high comorbidity of musculoskeletal pain, sleep and mood disturbances in FMS (Aguglia, Salvi, Maina, Rossetto, & Aguglia, ; Buskila & Cohen, ; Clauw, ; Hudson, Goldenberg, Pope, Keck, & Schlesinger, ; Walitt, Nahin, Katz, Bergman, & Wolfe, ), Nagakura's group proposed the RIM animal model of FMS based on biogenic monoamine depletion (Nagakura et al, ).…”

“…Blank space in human studies: absence of similar data in FMS patients. (1) Roizenblatt et al (); (2) Besteiro González et al (); (3) Roehrs et al (); (4) Roth et al (); (5) Anch, Lue, MacLean, & Moldofsky (); (6) Diaz‐Piedra et al (); (7) Branco, Atalaia, and Paiva (); (8) Rizzi et al (); (9) Burns, Crofford, and Chervin (); (10) Landis et al (); (11) Landis, Lentz, Rothermel, Buchwald, and Shaver (); and (12) Rosenfeld et al, .…”

“…Although this disturbance is not exclusive to FMS, it is present in 60% of the studied FMS patients, as opposed to 25% of the patients who present it in other insomnia types (Russell, ). These authors proposed that the presence of these typical wakefulness waves during SWS might be related to nonrestorative sleep, diffuse myalgia, and mood disturbance symptoms (Diaz‐Piedra et al, ; Roth et al, ), which is a remarkable finding of these studies.…”

“…The first polysomnographic studies performed on FMS patients date back to the late 1970s (Moldofsky, Scarisbrick, England, & Smythe, ). One of the most relevant findings of the electroencephalographic (EEG) studies by Moldofsky et al in FMS patients is the intrusion of alpha waves during SWS, mainly in the early non‐REM N2 stage (Liedberg, Björk, & Börsbo, ; Moldofsky, ; Roehrs et al, ; Roth et al, ). Although this disturbance is not exclusive to FMS, it is present in 60% of the studied FMS patients, as opposed to 25% of the patients who present it in other insomnia types (Russell, ).…”

“…In fact, there is evidence indicating a reciprocal relationship between these two phenomena (Finan & Smith, 2013;Frange et al, 2014). Nonrestorative sleep correlates with pain severity in FMS patients (Diaz-Piedra et al, 2015;Roizenblatt, Moldofsky, Benedito-Silva, & Tufik, 2001;Roizenblatt, Neto, & Tufik, 2011;Rosenfeld, Rutledge, & Stern, 2015;Roth, Bhadra-Brown, Pitman, Roehrs, & Resnick, 2016). In fact as remarked by Moldofsky, sleep deprivation induces many symptoms that resemble those found in FMS, such as sleepiness, fatigue, negative mood and impaired intellectual functions, which can be reversed by slow-wave sleep (SWS; no rapid eyes movement [NREM]) (Moldofsky, 2007).…”