Characteristics of cyclist crashes in Italy using latent class analysis and association rule mining

Abstract

The factors associated with severity of the bicycle crashes may differ across different bicycle crash patterns. Therefore, it is important to identify distinct bicycle crash patterns with homogeneous attributes. The current study aimed at identifying subgroups of bicycle crashes in Italy and analyzing separately the different bicycle crash types. The present study focused on bicycle crashes that occurred in Italy during the period between 2011 and 2013. We analyzed categorical indicators corresponding to the characteristics of infrastructure (road type, road signage, and location type), road user (i.e., opponent vehicle and cyclist’s maneuver, type of collision, age and gender of the cyclist), vehicle (type of opponent vehicle), and the environmental and time period variables (time of the day, day of the week, season, pavement condition, and weather). To identify homogenous subgroups of bicycle crashes, we used latent class analysis. Using latent class analysis, the bicycle crash data set was segmented into 19 classes, which represents 19 different bicycle crash types. Logistic regression analysis was used to identify the association between class membership and severity of the bicycle crashes. Finally, association rules were conducted for each of the latent classes to uncover the factors associated with an increased likelihood of severity. Association rules highlighted different crash characteristics associated with an increased likelihood of severity for each of the 19 bicycle crash types.

Gender differences in cyclists’ crashes: an analysis of routinely recorded crash data

“…Al-Balbissi, 2003;de Winter & Dodou, 2010;Nallet et al, 2010;€ Ozkan & Lajunen, 2006;Prati, 2018;Rhodes & Pivik, 2011;Tom & Granie, 2011). Concerning mobility patterns, we found that men cyclists are more likely to be involved in crashes in rural areas (Hypothesis 2) and previous research documented that, in Italy, the risk of fatal injury is higher in rural areas than in urban areas (Prati, De Angelis, Mar ın Puchades, Fraboni, & Pietrantoni, 2017;. In the present study, we also found some evidence of systematic differences across gender in risky behaviours and violations (Hypothesis 6).…”

“…Indeed, our results reveal a higher occurrence of crashes among men cyclists on weekends and during the summer period. Severity of bicycle crashes results higher on rural roads than on urban roads, which may also be an explanation for a higher occurrence of fatal crashes among men (Boufous, de Rome, Senserrick, & Ivers, 2012;Moore, Schneider, Savolainen, & Farzaneh, 2011;Prati, De Angelis, et al, 2017;. Ideals of hegemonic masculinity shape the patriarchal character of sport in Western countries (e.g.…”

Safety Problems in Urban Cycling Mobility: A Quantitative Risk Analysis at Urban Intersections

“…According to the Transportation Research Board Access Management Manual [40], traffic conflict points occur where vehicle paths cross, merge or weave, and the drivers take evasive actions to avoid collision. In this research, all possible conflict points between the motorized vehicles and bicycles, have been considered-bicycle-to-bicycle conflicts were not considered because their frequency is low in Italy [41]. In Figure 4, the detected conflict points at a four-lane four-arm intersection are red-there were 56.…”

Visual Eye Gaze While Cycling: Analyzing Eye Tracking at Signalized Intersections in Urban Conditions

“…On European roads 31% of the cyclists' fatalities happen at junctions [16]. Several studies point to heightened risk of bicycle crashes at intersections relative to other road sections [17][18][19][20][21]. Yet, few inquiries are conducted in real environments to understand the relationships between conditions in intersections that trigger this heightened risk and physiological dimensions.…”