Characteristics of chemical components in genetic resources of garlic Allium sativum collected from all over the world

Diversity evaluation based on morphological, physiological and isozyme variation in genetic resources of garlic (<i>Allium sativum</i> L.) collected worldwide

“…Other diversity studies have been carried out regarding the variability of chemical production in a set of garlic collections, such as organosulfur compounds (Kamenetsky et al, 2005;Hornickova et al, 2009;Ovesna et al, 2011;Jabbes et al, 2012) or phenolic compounds (Lu et al, 2011), which have benefits for human health. In our previous report, we demonstrated the association between bio-morphological traits (bolting types and chemical production levels mentioned above) and geographical distribution (Hirata et al, 2015). It is possible that our materials are diverse not only in their visible traits but also in their DNA or other chemical production levels.…”

Antimicrobial and antioxidant properties of various Greek garlic genotypes

“…Apart from the differences in antioxidant activity and TPC content between the various genotypes grown in different regions, significant variations were also observed between local cultivars (G1 and G2) and local landraces (G9-G11), which further supports the effect of genotype on these parameters apart from microclimate conditions and cultivations practices that usually differ between the various growing regions. Bhandari et al (2014) have also reported significant differences in chemical composition and antioxidant activity of garlic lines and cultivars, which could be attributed to adaptation mechanisms that may be developed throughout their cultivation history, as well as to artificial selection through vegetative propagation (Hirata et al, 2015) and preharvest factors (Beato et al, 2011;Martins et al, 2016). Furthermore, Khar, Banerjee, Jadhav, and Lawande (2011) who evaluated chemical composition of various Indian garlic ecotypes, reported significant variation between different genotypes, as well as significant bulb to bulb variation, especially in local landraces where breeding status and uniformity is generally low.…”

“…Therefore, garlic bulbs content in other bioactive compounds except for organosulfuric ones, is essential for their overall antimicrobial properties.Total phenolic compounds content of garlic bulbs shows a great variability depending on both growing condition and genetic factors. Hirata, Abdelrahman, Yamauchi, and Shigyo (2015) evaluated 103 garlic clones collected from various regions throughout the world regarding their the content of S-allyl-cysteine sulfoxide and total phenolics, and they reported a significant variation which could be attributed to the adaptation of the species under various growing conditions during the diffusion of the species throughout the world. Beato et al (2011), have also suggested that cultivar selection might be a useful means to improve quality by increasing the total phenolics and ferulic acid contents, regardless of the growing conditions, which mostly have a significant impact on specific compounds content, such as caffeic, vanillic, p-hydroxybenzoic and p-coumaric acids.…”

Resistance and clonal selection among Allium sativum L. germplasm resources to Delia antiqua M. and its correlation with allicin content

“…The discovery and selection of mutants in natural populations is an important breeding activity for improving the allicin content in bulbs and the resistance of plants to D. antiqua M. Allicin content is affected by both geographical and genetic factors . Although the allicin contents determined in different studies are not comparable, several authors have agreed that extensive genetic variation in allicin content exists. In the previous study, the allicin content of 213 accessions of garlic grown in the same environment ranged from 0.45% to 3.01%, which could be mainly ascribed to the influence of genetics.…”