Characteristics of annual N2O and NO fluxes from Chinese urban turfgrasses

Yang, Zhan; Xie, Junfei; Yao, Zhisheng; Wang, Rui; He, Xingjia; Wang, Yan; Zheng, Xunhua

doi:10.1016/j.envpol.2021.118017

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 76 publications

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“…With regard to climate conditions, the best‐documented feature of urbanization is the urban heat island effect, which elevates air temperatures in urban environments by 1–3°C compared to rural sites (Santamouris, 2015). At increased soil temperatures, if soil moisture does not become limiting, decomposition of organic matter and nutrient mineralization is stimulated, which contribute to the increase in N 2 O emission from urban soils (Bijoor et al, 2008; Zhan et al, 2021). Likewise, the urban heat island effect may also promote soil methanogenic and methanotrophic activities (i.e., the rates of CH 4 production and oxidation) (Butterbach‐Bahl & Papen, 2002; Zhang et al, 2021).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For soil N 2 O fluxes, not all studies report on measurements covering an entire observational year ( n = 12 of 28 studies). For cases reporting only growing season soil N 2 O fluxes (these studies were mainly located on the temperate zone), we gap‐filled the data by assuming that non‐growing time fluxes account for on average 28% of the total annual budget as was found by Zhan et al (2021) for a temperate urban site in China. Cumulative non‐CO 2 GHG fluxes, that is, the sum of soil CH 4 and N 2 O fluxes, were only calculated for studies which simultaneously measured both GHG fluxes ( n = 6 of 15 studies).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…At increased soil temperatures, if soil moisture does not become limiting, decomposition of organic matter and nutrient mineralization is stimulated, which contribute to the increase in N 2 O emission from urban soils Zhan et al, 2021). Likewise, the urban heat island effect may also promote soil methanogenic and methanotrophic activities (i.e., the rates of CH 4 production and oxidation) (Butterbach-Bahl & Papen, 2002;Zhang et al, 2021).…”

Section: Direct N 2 O Emission Factors (Ef D ) For Fertilized Soils I...mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Urbanization can accelerate climate change by increasing soil N₂O emission while reducing CH₄ uptake

Yang

Yao

Groffman

et al. 2023

Global Change Biology

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Urban land‐use change has the potential to affect local to global biogeochemical carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) cycles and associated greenhouse gas (GHG) fluxes. We conducted a meta‐analysis to (1) assess the effects of urbanization‐induced land‐use conversion on soil nitrous oxide (N2O) and methane (CH4) fluxes, (2) quantify direct N2O emission factors (EFd) of fertilized urban soils used, for example, as lawns or forests, and (3) identify the key drivers leading to flux changes associated with urbanization. On average, urbanization increases soil N2O emissions by 153%, to 3.0 kg N ha−1 year−1, while rates of soil CH4 uptake are reduced by 50%, to 2.0 kg C ha−1 year−1. The global mean annual N2O EFd of fertilized lawns and urban forests is 1.4%, suggesting that urban soils can be regional hotspots of N2O emissions. On a global basis, conversion of land to urban greenspaces has increased soil N2O emission by 0.46 Tg N2O‐N year−1 and decreased soil CH4 uptake by 0.58 Tg CH4‐C year−1. Urbanization driven changes in soil N2O emission and CH4 uptake are associated with changes in soil properties (bulk density, pH, total N content, and C/N ratio), increased temperature, and management practices, especially fertilizer use. Overall, our meta‐analysis shows that urbanization increases soil N2O emissions and reduces the role of soils as a sink for atmospheric CH4. These effects can be mitigated by avoiding soil compaction, reducing fertilization of lawns, and by restoring native ecosystems in urban landscapes.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Direct N 2 O Emission Factors (Ef D ) For Fertilized Soils I...mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Urbanization can accelerate climate change by increasing soil N₂O emission while reducing CH₄ uptake

Yang

Yao

Groffman

et al. 2023

Global Change Biology

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“…In addition, NH 3 released from soil containing nitrogen fertilizer is also conducive to the conversion of HNO 3 to p NO 3 – . In recent years, urban green space is growing and becoming an important component of the urban ecosystem in China, which can also release nitrogenous gases to the atmosphere through soil microbial activities . We also used the WRF-Chem model with an updated soil NO x emission scheme (see Materials and Methods) to simulate soil NO x emissions in the BTH region.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Increasing Nonfossil Fuel Contributions to Atmospheric Nitrate in Urban China from Observation to Prediction

Fan

Hong

Zhang

et al. 2023

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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China's nitrogen oxide (NO x ) emissions have undergone significant changes over the past few decades. However, nonfossil fuel NO x emissions are not yet well constrained in urban environments, resulting in a substantial underestimation of their importance relative to the known fossil fuel NO x emissions. We developed an approach using machine learning that is accurate enough to generate a long time series of the nitrogen isotopic composition (δ 15 N) of atmospheric nitrate using high-level accuracies of air pollutants and meteorology data. Air temperature was found to be the critical driver of the variation of nitrate δ 15 N at daily resolution based on this approach, while significant reductions of aerosol and its precursor emissions played a key role in the change of nitrate δ 15 N on the yearly scale. Predictions from this model found a significant decrease in nitrate δ 15 N in Chinese megacities (Beijing and Guangzhou as representative cities in the north and south, respectively) since 2013, implying an enhanced contribution of nonfossil fuel NO x emissions to nitrate aerosols (up to 22%−26% in 2021 from 18%−22% in 2013 quantified by an isotope mixing model), as confirmed by the Weather Research and Forecasting model coupled with online chemistry (WRF-Chem) simulation. Meanwhile, the declining contribution in coal combustion (34%−39% in 2013 to 31%−34% in 2021) and increasing contribution of natural gas combustion (11%−14% in 2013 to 14%−17% in 2021) demonstrated the transformation of China's energy structure from coal to natural gas. This approach provides missing records for exploring long-term variability in the nitrogen isotope system and may contribute to the study of the global reactive nitrogen biogeochemical cycle.

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Contrasting effects of rice husk and its biochar on N2O emissions and nitrogen leaching from Lei bamboo soils under subtropical conditions

et al. 2023

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Characteristics of annual N2O and NO fluxes from Chinese urban turfgrasses

Cited by 7 publications

References 76 publications

Urbanization can accelerate climate change by increasing soil N₂O emission while reducing CH₄ uptake

Urbanization can accelerate climate change by increasing soil N₂O emission while reducing CH₄ uptake

Increasing Nonfossil Fuel Contributions to Atmospheric Nitrate in Urban China from Observation to Prediction

Contrasting effects of rice husk and its biochar on N2O emissions and nitrogen leaching from Lei bamboo soils under subtropical conditions

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Characteristics of annual N2O and NO fluxes from Chinese urban turfgrasses

Cited by 7 publications

References 76 publications

Urbanization can accelerate climate change by increasing soil N2O emission while reducing CH4 uptake

Urbanization can accelerate climate change by increasing soil N2O emission while reducing CH4 uptake

Increasing Nonfossil Fuel Contributions to Atmospheric Nitrate in Urban China from Observation to Prediction

Contrasting effects of rice husk and its biochar on N2O emissions and nitrogen leaching from Lei bamboo soils under subtropical conditions

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Product

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Urbanization can accelerate climate change by increasing soil N₂O emission while reducing CH₄ uptake

Urbanization can accelerate climate change by increasing soil N₂O emission while reducing CH₄ uptake