Characteristics of 14-3-3 Proteins and Their Role in Plant Immunity

Oh, Chang‐Sik

doi:10.5423/ppj.2010.26.1.001

Cited by 14 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 60 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…A role for TFT4 in PTI is also possible given the enhanced growth of a virulent Xcv strain in CaTFT4-silenced plants. Despite the fact that both TFT4 and TFT7 play a role in ETI-associated cell death, they appear to function at different levels, as silencing of either one of them in N. benthamiana is sufficient to reduce MAPKKKa-mediated cell death (this study ;Oh, 2010).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 80%

“…These studies indicate that plant 14-3-3 proteins function as clamps and scaffolds to regulate ETI activation and signaling. Plant 14-3-3 protein families include several isoforms: for example, 12 members are present in tomato, 13 in Arabidopsis, and eight in rice (Oryza sativa) (Oh, 2010). The emerging picture from the study of tomato 14-3-3 proteins in plant immunity is that multiple isoforms participate in ETI and PTI (Table S1).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Emerging evidence indicates that 14–3–3 proteins are involved in plant immunity, and may be targeted by bacterial effectors (Oh, ). Members of the 14–3–3 protein family are acidic, phosphopeptide‐binding proteins that are conserved in eukaryotes and play a role in diverse biological processes (Bridges and Moorhead, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Xanthomonas euvesicatoria type III effector XopQ interacts with tomato and pepper 14–3–3 isoforms to suppress effector‐triggered immunity

et al. 2013

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

SUMMARYEffector-triggered immunity (ETI) to host-adapted pathogens is associated with rapid cell death at the infection site. The plant-pathogenic bacterium Xanthomonas euvesicatoria (Xcv) interferes with plant cellular processes by injecting effector proteins into host cells through the type III secretion system. Here, we show that the Xcv effector XopQ suppresses cell death induced by components of the ETI-associated MAP kinase cascade MAPKKKa MEK2/SIPK and by several R/avr gene pairs. Inactivation of xopQ by insertional mutagenesis revealed that this effector inhibits ETI-associated cell death induced by avirulent Xcv in resistant pepper (Capsicum annuum), and enhances bacterial growth in resistant pepper and tomato (Solanum lycopersicum). Using protein-protein interaction studies in yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) and in planta, we identified the tomato 14-3-3 isoform SlTFT4 and homologs from other plant species as XopQ interactors. A mutation in the putative 14-3-3 binding site of XopQ impaired interaction of the effector with CaTFT4 in yeast and its virulence function in planta. Consistent with a role in ETI, TFT4 mRNA abundance increased during the incompatible interaction of tomato and pepper with Xcv. Silencing of NbTFT4 in Nicotiana benthamiana significantly reduced cell death induced by MAPKKKa. In addition, silencing of CaTFT4 in pepper delayed the appearance of ETI-associated cell death and enhanced growth of virulent and avirulent Xcv, demonstrating the requirement of TFT4 for plant immunity to Xcv. Our results suggest that the XopQ virulence function is to suppress ETI and immunity-associated cell death by interacting with TFT4, which is an important component of ETI and a bona fide target of XopQ.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 80%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Xanthomonas euvesicatoria type III effector XopQ interacts with tomato and pepper 14–3–3 isoforms to suppress effector‐triggered immunity

et al. 2013

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Their role in signal transduction in plants and insects is well established [67]–[68]. Microbial challenge to C. formosanus Shiraki also induced the expression of nine sequences in four clusters encoding 14-3-3 proteins (Table S6).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immune-Related Transcriptome of Coptotermes formosanus Shiraki Workers: The Defense Mechanism

Hussain

et al. 2013

PLoS ONE

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Formosan subterranean termites, Coptotermes formosanus Shiraki, live socially in microbial-rich habitats. To understand the molecular mechanism by which termites combat pathogenic microbes, a full-length normalized cDNA library and four Suppression Subtractive Hybridization (SSH) libraries were constructed from termite workers infected with entomopathogenic fungi (Metarhizium anisopliae and Beauveria bassiana), Gram-positive Bacillus thuringiensis and Gram-negative Escherichia coli, and the libraries were analyzed. From the high quality normalized cDNA library, 439 immune-related sequences were identified. These sequences were categorized as pattern recognition receptors (47 sequences), signal modulators (52 sequences), signal transducers (137 sequences), effectors (39 sequences) and others (164 sequences). From the SSH libraries, 27, 17, 22 and 15 immune-related genes were identified from each SSH library treated with M. anisopliae, B. bassiana, B. thuringiensis and E. coli, respectively. When the normalized cDNA library was compared with the SSH libraries, 37 immune-related clusters were found in common; 56 clusters were identified in the SSH libraries, and 259 were identified in the normalized cDNA library. The immune-related gene expression pattern was further investigated using quantitative real time PCR (qPCR). Important immune-related genes were characterized, and their potential functions were discussed based on the integrated analysis of the results. We suggest that normalized cDNA and SSH libraries enable us to discover functional genes transcriptome. The results remarkably expand our knowledge about immune-inducible genes in C. formosanus Shiraki and enable the future development of novel control strategies for the management of Formosan subterranean termites.

show abstract

“…14‐3‐3 proteins are regulators (adapters, chaperones, activators or repressors) of many biological processes in plants (Sehnke et al. , 2002), and there is increasing indirect and direct evidence supporting roles for these interesting proteins during plant disease resistance, including both ETI and PTI (for review, see Oh, 2010). So far, the 14‐3‐3 protein family members studied have been found to be positive regulators of resistance, as silencing of these members results in loss of resistance (Yang et al.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rice 14‐3‐3 protein (GF14e) negatively affects cell death and disease resistance

Manosalva

Bruce²,

Leach³

2011

The Plant Journal

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

SUMMARYPlant 14-3-3 proteins regulate important cellular processes, including plant immune responses, through protein-protein interactions with a wide range of target proteins. In rice (Oryza sativa), the GF14e gene, which encodes a 14-3-3 protein, is induced during effector-triggered immunity (ETI) associated with pathogens such as Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo). To determine whether the GF14e gene plays a direct role in resistance to disease in rice, we suppressed its expression by RNAi silencing. GF14e suppression was correlated with the appearance of a lesion-mimic (LM) phenotype in the transgenic plants at 3 weeks after sowing. This indicates inappropriate regulation of cell death, a phenotype that is frequently associated with enhanced resistance to pathogens. GF14e-silenced rice plants showed high levels of resistance to a virulent strain of Xoo compared with plants that were not silenced. Enhanced resistance was correlated with GF14e silencing prior to and after development of the LM phenotype, higher basal expression of a defense response peroxidase gene (POX22.3), and accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). In addition, GF14e-silenced plants also exhibit enhanced resistance to the necrotrophic fungal pathogen Rhizoctonia solani. Together, our findings suggest that GF14e negatively affects the induction of plant defense response genes, cell death and broad-spectrum resistance in rice.

show abstract

Characteristics of 14-3-3 Proteins and Their Role in Plant Immunity

Cited by 14 publications

References 60 publications

Xanthomonas euvesicatoria type III effector XopQ interacts with tomato and pepper 14–3–3 isoforms to suppress effector‐triggered immunity

Xanthomonas euvesicatoria type III effector XopQ interacts with tomato and pepper 14–3–3 isoforms to suppress effector‐triggered immunity

Immune-Related Transcriptome of Coptotermes formosanus Shiraki Workers: The Defense Mechanism

Rice 14‐3‐3 protein (GF14e) negatively affects cell death and disease resistance

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About