Rice 14‐3‐3 protein (GF14e) negatively affects cell death and disease resistance

Abstract

SUMMARYPlant 14-3-3 proteins regulate important cellular processes, including plant immune responses, through protein-protein interactions with a wide range of target proteins. In rice (Oryza sativa), the GF14e gene, which encodes a 14-3-3 protein, is induced during effector-triggered immunity (ETI) associated with pathogens such as Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo). To determine whether the GF14e gene plays a direct role in resistance to disease in rice, we suppressed its expression by RNAi silencing. GF14e suppression was correlated with the appearance of a lesion-mimic (LM) phenotype in the transgenic plants at 3 weeks after sowing. This indicates inappropriate regulation of cell death, a phenotype that is frequently associated with enhanced resistance to pathogens. GF14e-silenced rice plants showed high levels of resistance to a virulent strain of Xoo compared with plants that were not silenced. Enhanced resistance was correlated with GF14e silencing prior to and after development of the LM phenotype, higher basal expression of a defense response peroxidase gene (POX22.3), and accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). In addition, GF14e-silenced plants also exhibit enhanced resistance to the necrotrophic fungal pathogen Rhizoctonia solani. Together, our findings suggest that GF14e negatively affects the induction of plant defense response genes, cell death and broad-spectrum resistance in rice.

The biocontrol endophytic bacterium Pseudomonas fluorescens PICF7 induces systemic defense responses in aerial tissues upon colonization of olive roots

“…For instance, a putative gene coding for a 14-3-3 protein was found to be up regulated in both roots (Schilirò et al, 2012) and aerial tissues (this study) upon PICF7 root colonization (Table 3). Manosalva et al (2011) have reported that a rice 14-3-3 protein (GF14e) negatively affected the induction of plant defense response genes, cell death and disease resistance in this host. It would be interesting to investigate whether the induction of this gene in olive might contribute to facilitate endophytic colonization by PICF7 because of defense responses mediated by SA or reactive oxygen species (as cell death or SAR) are being attenuated by this protein.…”

Tomato TFT1 Is Required for PAMP-Triggered Immunity and Mutations that Prevent T3S Effector XopN from Binding to TFT1 Attenuate Xanthomonas Virulence

“…Arabidopsis GF14λ interacts with the ankyrin repeat protein (AKR2) and ascorbate peroxidase 3 (AKR3) suggesting that GF14λ may regulate antioxidant metabolism [56]. In rice, silencing of GF14e led to the accumulation of reactive oxygen species, a lesion mimic phenotype and enhanced resistance to the bacterial pathogen Xanthomonas oryzae and fungal pathogen Rhizoctonia solani [57]. The client for GF14e is not known.…”

Deciphering the molecular responses to methanol-enhanced photosynthesis and stomatal conductance in broad bean

“…The gene-specific expression patterns in response to diverse environmental stimuli imply that the isoform specificity exists in the 14-3-3 gene family in plants (Xu et al 2012;Sun et al 2014;Xu and Shi 2006;Roberts et al 2002;Denison et al 2011). Several studies have provided genetic evidences to show that individual 14-3-3 isoforms have specific functions during plant development (Radwan et al 2012;Mayfield et al 2012;Li et al 2012;Moriuchi et al 2004) and in adaptation to diverse environmental conditions (Xu et al 2012;Sun et al 2014;Yan et al 2004;Manosava et al 2011;Xu et al 2013;Campo et al 2012). Most of the higher plants have more than one PM H ?…”