Characteristics for the Efficiency of Spikelet Production and the Ripening in High-Yielding Japonica-Indica Hybrid and Semidwarf Indica Rice Varieties.

Responses of Yielding Ability, Sink Size and Percentage of Filled Grains to the Cultivation Practices in a Chinese Large-Panicle-Type Rice Cultivar, Yangdao 4

“…Ueda et al (2000a) and Shiotsu et al (2006) reported a higher NSC content at the heading stage of high-yielding indica and japonica-indica hybrid cultivars compared with those of Japanese cultivars. A high PFG is associated with a large amount of stored carbohydrates (Weng et al, 1982;Sumi et al, 1996) or heavy dry weight of LS + C (Yamamoto et al, 1991) per sink size or number of spikelets at the heading stage.…”

“…The high-yielding semidwarf indica and japonicaindica hybrid rice cultivars bred from 1960s to 1970s in IRRI, China, Korea, etc., which have larger number of spikelets and higher adaptability to heavy manuring, owing to their short culm, produce a higher yield compared with conventional Japanese rice cultivars (Komatsu et al, 1984;Takeda et al, 1984;Higashi, 1988;Saitoh et al, 1991Saitoh et al, , 1993Yamamoto et al, 1991;Kusutani et al, 1993;Katsura et al 2008). Moreover, the rice breeders in IRRI proposed the first-generation new plant type (NPT) that possess fewer panicles hill -1 and larger number of spikelets panicle -1 (Khush, 1995) and the second-generation NPT obtained by crossing the first-generation NPT lines with elite indica parents (Peng et al, 2004(Peng et al, , 2008Yang et al, 2007).…”

“…However, most of these studies analyzed only the cultivar differences in yielding ability under limited cultivation conditions (Takeda et al, 1984;Song et al, 1990;Saitoh et al, 1991Saitoh et al, , 1993Wang et al, 1991;Yamamoto et al, 1991;Amano et al, 1993Amano et al, , 1996Kusutani et al, 1993;Miah et al, 1996;Shiotsu et al, 2006;Katsura et al, 2007), and few reports are available on the effects of a wide range of cultivation practices on the yielding ability (Weng et al, 1982;Komatsu et al, 1984;Kubota et al, 1988;Sumi et al, 1996). Analysis of the effects of cultivation practices on the yielding ability in relation to sink size and PFG might reveal practical information on high-yielding cultivation of these large-panicle-type cultivars.…”

Diversity of the Rachis-Branching System in a Panicle in Japónica Rice

“…In rice, the varieties with large panicles are expected to produce high-yielding, and some varieties in the indica group have larger panicles with more spikelets on the second rachis-branches than japonica varieties (Hashimoto et al, 1983;Maruyama et al, 1988;Yamamoto et al, 1991;Saitoh et al, 1993;Fukushima 1999). High -yielding japonica-indica hybrid varieties, like Milyang 23 (developed in Korea) and Akenohoshi (developed in Japan), also have large panicles (Hashimoto et al, 1983;Takeda et al, 1984;Maruyama et aI., 1988;Yamamoto et al, 1991).…”

Quantitative Trait Loci Controlling the Number of Spikelets and Component Traits in Rice: Their Main Effects and Interaction with Years

“…Simultaneously, in this genotype overproduction of secondary branches (SBs) which bear inferior spikelets should be avoided (Kato and Takeda 1996). The proposed concept is of great significance for the development of high-yielding rice cultivars (Khush 1996, Peng et al 1999, because existing cultivars of the extra-heavy panicle type often show a low degree of grain filling (Yamamoto et al 1991, Peng et al 1999, Yang et al 2002.…”