Characteristics and anthropogenic sources of carbonyl sulfide in Beijing

Ye, Cheng; Zhang, Chenglong; Zhang, Yuanyuan; Zhang, Hongxing; Sun, Xingming; Mu, Yujing

doi:10.1016/j.jes.2014.05.052

Cited by 16 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…The atmospheric COS concentration determined in the study area was similar to that measured by Mihalopoulos et al () during summer 1988. Cheng et al () detected COS mixing ratios with a maximum of 849 ± 477 pptv in winter and a minimum of 372 ± 115 pptv in summer. Jones et al () carried out similar measurements at Harwell (UK) and proposed that the typical CS 2 mixing ratio in the lower atmosphere was close to 15 pptv.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Temporal and spatial distributions of carbonyl sulfide, dimethyl sulfide, and carbon disulfide in seawater and marine atmosphere of the Changjiang Estuary and its adjacent East China Sea

Zhu

Yang

Zhang

2018

Limnology & Oceanography

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Carbonyl sulfide (COS), dimethyl sulfide (DMS), and carbon disulfide (CS2) concentrations were determined in seawater and the overlying atmosphere of the Changjiang Estuary and the adjacent area during two cruises from 22 February 2016 to 15 March 2016 and from 03 July 2016 to 25 July 2016. The concentration ranges of COS, DMS, and CS2 in seawater during winter were 121–388 pmol L−1, 0.321–1.59 nmol L−1, and 10.3–46.8 pmol L−1, respectively, and those during summer were 98–346 pmol L−1, 0.397–9.13 nmol L−1, and 13.3–65.4 pmol L−1. The DMS concentration in surface seawater varied seasonally, whereas the COS and CS2 concentrations varied little. The atmospheric mixing ratios of COS, DMS, and CS2 were 459–777 pptv, 5.2–96.8 pptv, and 96.9–164 pptv during winter and 417–644 pptv, 133–365 pptv, and 15.8–89.8 pptv during summer, respectively. A correlation analysis revealed that COS concentration was related to the concentrations of DMS and CS2. The estimated fluxes of COS, DMS, and CS2 were in the range of 1.19–2.06 μg m−2 d−1, 15.11–164.81 μg m−2 d−1, and 0.27‐1.32 μg m−2 d−1 during winter and 0.61–0.97 μg m−2 d−1, 71.76–2511 μg m−2 d−1, and 0.38–1.47 μg m−2 d−1 during summer, respectively. These results indicate that the study area is a sink for COS, but served as a source of atmospheric DMS and CS2 during the study period.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Temporal and spatial distributions of carbonyl sulfide, dimethyl sulfide, and carbon disulfide in seawater and marine atmosphere of the Changjiang Estuary and its adjacent East China Sea

Zhu

Yang

Zhang

2018

Limnology & Oceanography

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“…Each 100 mL air sample was enriched onto an absorption tube which was filled with Tenax‐GC (60–80 mesh, Alltech Associates, Inc. America) and immersed in liquid nitrogen. The absorption tube was then heated at 160°C and injected into a separation column (2 m × 4 mm) packed with 20% SE‐30 on Chromosorb P (60–80 mesh) for COS separation and detection via the GC‐FPD [ Cheng et al ., ; Mu and Xu , ; Mu et al ., , ]. The blank test of the absorption tube (enrichment of 100 mL purified nitrogen) revealed that the blank COS concentration was lower than the detection limit (14 pptv, enrichment of 500 mL) of GC‐FPD.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…the GC-FPD [Cheng et al, 2015;Mu and Xu, 2009;Mu et al, 2002Mu et al, , 2004. The blank test of the absorption tube (enrichment of 100 mL purified nitrogen) revealed that the blank COS concentration was lower than the detection limit (14 pptv, enrichment of 500 mL) of GC-FPD.…”

Section: 1002/2016gl070075mentioning

confidence: 98%

An important missing source of atmospheric carbonyl sulfide: Domestic coal combustion

Zhang

et al. 2016

Geophysical Research Letters

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Carbonyl sulfide (COS), carbon monoxide (CO), and sulfur dioxide (SO2) emissions generated from prevailing domestic coal stoves fueled with raw bituminous coal were studied under alternation cycles of flaming and smoldering combustion. The measurements in the laboratory and the farmer's house indicated that COS and CO emissions mainly occurred under the condition of flame extinguishment after coal loading, whereas SO2 emissions were mainly generated through combustion with flame. The COS emission factors for the domestic stoves in the laboratory and the farmer's house were recorded as 0.57 ± 0.10 g COS kg−1 and 1.43 ± 0.32 g COS kg−1, being approximately a factor of 50 and 125 greater than that generated from coal power plants, respectively. Based on the COS emission factors measured in this study, COS emission from only domestic coal combustion in China would be at least 30.5 ± 5.6 Gg S yr−1 which was 1 magnitude greater than the current COS estimation from the total coal combustion in China.

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“…More recent studies Berry et al, 2013) indicated that the plant uptake in Kettle's estimation is too small, and therefore a corresponding increase in sources is necessary to maintain the annual balance in the OCS budget. New studies have also shown that the ocean and anthropogenic sources of OCS have been underestimated (Guo et al, 2010;Berry et al, 2013;Campbell et al, 2015;Cheng et al, 2015;Launois et al, 2015a) in Kettle et al (2002a). The disagreement between measurements and simulations of OCS indicated that the missing sources are mainly in the tropical region (Berry et al, 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, OCS soil uptake still has large uncertainties. Some soil types act as a source (Whelan et al, 2013) or only a small sink (Xu et al, 2002;Steinbacher et al, 2004); however, the overall role of soils is as a sink of OCS, with very different uptake rates between soil types and other physical parameters (Van Diest and Kesselmeier, 2008;Sun et al, 2015). Another method to calculate the soil uptake is to use the similarity of deposition to soils between molecular hydrogen (H 2 ) and OCS (Belviso et al, 2013;H.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Towards understanding the variability in biospheric CO<sub>2</sub> fluxes: using FTIR spectrometry and a chemical transport model to investigate the sources and sinks of carbonyl sulfide and its link to CO<sub>2</sub>

et al. 2016

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Abstract. Understanding carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) biospheric processes is of great importance because the terrestrial exchange drives the seasonal and interannual variability of CO 2 in the atmosphere. Atmospheric inversions based on CO 2 concentration measurements alone can only determine net biosphere fluxes, but not differentiate between photosynthesis (uptake) and respiration (production). Carbonyl sulfide (OCS) could provide an important additional constraint: it is also taken up by plants during photosynthesis but not emitted during respiration, and therefore is a potential means to differentiate between these processes. Solar absorption Fourier Transform InfraRed (FTIR) spectrometry allows for the retrievals of the atmospheric concentrations of both CO 2 and OCS from measured solar absorption spectra. Here, we investigate co-located and quasi-simultaneous FTIR measurements of OCS and CO 2 performed at five selected sites located in the Northern Hemisphere. These measurements are compared to simulations of OCS and CO 2 using a chemical transport model (GEOS-Chem). The coupled biospheric fluxes of OCS and CO 2 from the simple biosphere model (SiB) are used in the study. The CO 2 simulation with SiB fluxes agrees with the measurements well, while the OCS simulation reproduced a weaker drawdown than FTIR measurements at selected sites, and a smaller latitudinal gradient in the Northern Hemisphere during growing season when comparing with HIPPO (HIAPER Pole-to-Pole Observations) data spanning both hemispheres. An offset in the timing of the seasonal cycle minimum between SiB simulation and measurements is also seen. Using OCS as a photosynthesis proxy can help to understand how the biospheric processes are reproduced in models and to further understand the carbon cycle in the real world.

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Characteristics and anthropogenic sources of carbonyl sulfide in Beijing

Cited by 16 publications

References 44 publications

Temporal and spatial distributions of carbonyl sulfide, dimethyl sulfide, and carbon disulfide in seawater and marine atmosphere of the Changjiang Estuary and its adjacent East China Sea

Temporal and spatial distributions of carbonyl sulfide, dimethyl sulfide, and carbon disulfide in seawater and marine atmosphere of the Changjiang Estuary and its adjacent East China Sea

An important missing source of atmospheric carbonyl sulfide: Domestic coal combustion

Towards understanding the variability in biospheric CO<sub>2</sub> fluxes: using FTIR spectrometry and a chemical transport model to investigate the sources and sinks of carbonyl sulfide and its link to CO<sub>2</sub>

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Characteristics and anthropogenic sources of carbonyl sulfide in Beijing

Cited by 16 publications

References 44 publications

Temporal and spatial distributions of carbonyl sulfide, dimethyl sulfide, and carbon disulfide in seawater and marine atmosphere of the Changjiang Estuary and its adjacent East China Sea

Temporal and spatial distributions of carbonyl sulfide, dimethyl sulfide, and carbon disulfide in seawater and marine atmosphere of the Changjiang Estuary and its adjacent East China Sea

An important missing source of atmospheric carbonyl sulfide: Domestic coal combustion

Towards understanding the variability in biospheric CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; fluxes: using FTIR spectrometry and a chemical transport model to investigate the sources and sinks of carbonyl sulfide and its link to CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;

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Towards understanding the variability in biospheric CO<sub>2</sub> fluxes: using FTIR spectrometry and a chemical transport model to investigate the sources and sinks of carbonyl sulfide and its link to CO<sub>2</sub>