Characterisation of wood by pyrolysis derivatisation—gas chromatography/mass spectrometry

Challinor, J.M.

doi:10.1016/0165-2370(95)00903-r

Cited by 129 publications

(68 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…No previous studies of fossil seeds have used THM (McCobb et al, 2001;Stankiewicz et al, 1997;van Bergen et al, 1994a, b;1997a, b). For phenolic polymers such as lignin, it has been shown that the products from THM are in better agreement with the molecular structure of lignin than those from conventional pyrolysis (Challinor, 1995(Challinor, , 2001). The phenolics and sugar product from the Juncus seed coats may relate to the lignin/cellulose complex observed in previous studies (van Bergen et al, 1994a, b;Graven et al, 1996Graven et al, , 1997van Bergen et al, 1997a, b;Stankiewicz et al, 1997;McCobb et al, 2001).…”

Section: Advantages Of Thm Over Conventional Pyrolysismentioning

confidence: 96%

Decomposition of Juncus seeds in a valley mire (Faroe Islands) over a 900 year period

Yeloff

Blokker

Bartlett

et al. 2008

Organic Geochemistry

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The influence of past depositional environments on the chemistry of sub-fossil Juncus seed coats (testa) from the top 1 m (corresponding to ca. 900 years of peat accumulation) of a peat bog in the Faroe Islands was examined. The chemistry of the testa of fresh Juncus seeds were characterised using thermally assisted pyrolysis and methylation (THM) in the presence of tetramethyl ammonium hydroxide (TMAH) and 'type' compounds were identified, representative of the major chemical groups in the testa (cellulose-related sugars, lignin-related phenolics, fatty acids). The abundance of the 'type' compounds in the products from sub-fossil testae (the internal tissues of the seeds do not survive beyond the very early stages of decomposition) was then quantified at contiguous 1 cm depth intervals. Major losses of C 18 unsaturated fatty acid methyl esters and sugars were associated with the fresh to sub-fossil transition at ca. 7 cm depth. The preservation of the phenolic ferulic acid in the seed testa appears to be favoured by the input of small basaltic particles from the nearby stream channel. The mechanism by which inwash of inorganic material may be responsible for the improved chemical preservation of the Juncus seed testa is, however, unclear. The sugars were easily metabolised by microorganisms under aerobic conditions of low water table and preserved under anoxic conditions with high water table, suggesting that a drier mire surface may result in the more efficient depletion of polysaccharides and cellulose during the initial stage of decomposition in the acrotelm.

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Section: Advantages Of Thm Over Conventional Pyrolysismentioning

confidence: 96%

Decomposition of Juncus seeds in a valley mire (Faroe Islands) over a 900 year period

Yeloff

Blokker

Bartlett

et al. 2008

Organic Geochemistry

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“…The main compounds identified, together with their relative abundance, are listed in Table 3. Previous studies [23,24,25,26,27,28,10] showed that TMAH thermochemolysates of lignin comprise methyl esters of aromatic carboxylic acids, in addition to the methylated counterparts of the compounds generated upon conventional pyrolyses. These thermochemolysates thus contain numerous methoxybenzenes substituted by remnants of the original C 3 side-chain of lignin units, bearing various oxygenated functions (aldehydes, ketones, methoxy and carboxylic acid methyl esters).…”

Section: Tmah Thermochemolysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization and comparison of two ligno-cellulosic substrates by 13C CP/MAS NMR, XPS, conventional pyrolysis and thermochemolysis

et al. 2002

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Ligno-cellulosic substrates (LCSs) isolated from wheat straw and bran exhibit high complexing capacities and may have important applications for metal removal from industrial effluents. These two LCSs were examined in the present work by spectroscopic and pyrolytic methods (solid state cross polarization magic angle spinning (CP/MAS) (13)C NMR, XPS, conventional Curie pyrolysis (Cupy)/GC/MS, and TMAH thermochemolysis/GC/MS). This combined study highlighted the limitation of some of the above methods when applied to ligno-cellulosic materials and the resulting biases and the usefulness of TMAH thermochemolysis. A large difference in composition was observed between bran- and straw-LCS due to a much higher contribution of alkyl moieties in the former. These moieties correspond to fatty acids esterified to the ligno-cellulosic macromolecular structure and such carboxylic functions should play an important role for metal complexation.

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“…Hardell and Nilvebrant (1996) report 1-veratrylglycerol trimethyl ethers, obtained from β-ether linked units, as the main degradation products formed from lignins by THM, and the identification of such peaks also in the present experiment verified the lignin origin (β-O-4 ether bonds) of the investigated samples. The THM pyrograms also indicated that the proportion of carboxylic acids, detected as methyl esters (Hardell and Nilvebrant 1996;Challinor 1995;Martin et al 1995), was higher in the FTE and sludge lignin samples than in the PTE lignin. This indicates that the biological treatment increases the amount of compounds containing carboxylic acids groups, by means of oxidation reactions.…”

Section: Chemical Characterisationmentioning

confidence: 98%

Effects of biological treatment on the chemical structure of dissolved lignin-related substances in effluent from thermomechanical pulping

Andersson

Pranovich

Norgren

et al. 2008

Nordic Pulp &Amp; Paper Research Journal

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SUMMARY:Effluent from a TMP-based pulp and paper mill was collected at the inlet and outlet of the mill's biological treatment plant and fractionated by sorption on XAD-8 resin and MTBE precipitation. Fractionation indicated that the refractory dissolved organic material in biologically treated effluent was mainly composed of lignin-related substances. Characterisation of the lignin-related substances by chromatographic and spectrometric methods confirmed the similarities of the isolated material and milled wood lignin. Fractionation and characterisation of alkali-extracted material from solids (biosludge) in biologically treated effluent found evidence of lignin-related material. Results indicated that biological treatment had altered the chemical structure and molar-mass distribution of dissolved lignin-related substances.

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Characterisation of wood by pyrolysis derivatisation—gas chromatography/mass spectrometry

Cited by 129 publications

References 13 publications

Decomposition of Juncus seeds in a valley mire (Faroe Islands) over a 900 year period

Decomposition of Juncus seeds in a valley mire (Faroe Islands) over a 900 year period

Characterization and comparison of two ligno-cellulosic substrates by 13C CP/MAS NMR, XPS, conventional pyrolysis and thermochemolysis

Effects of biological treatment on the chemical structure of dissolved lignin-related substances in effluent from thermomechanical pulping

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