Characterisation of reference materials by isotope dilution mass spectrometry

Inductively coupled plasma- and glow discharge plasma-sector field mass spectrometry : Part II. Applications

“…403 Fig . 8 shows a standard addition calibration curve for 232 Th with spike additions of 0.1, 0.2 and 0.3 pg L À1 and the peak shape of the initial concentration of 0.15 pg L À1 Th, which clearly demonstrates that this is a real peak and no baseline noise. The detection limit (3 SD of 10 blanks) for Th has been calculated to be 5 fg L À1 .…”

Online isotope dilution and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry: from elemental to species quantification

“…Instead, quantification is based on measuring the altered IR. 13,14 The IR absolute values are not affected by sample matrix effects, transport efficiency, instrument instability or signal drift due to variation along the sample ionization process. 15 In principle, all elements with at least two natural isotopes can be quantified by ICP-IDMS.…”

“…There are proposals for applying IDMS to mono-isotopic elements when long-lived radioisotopes are used as spikes. 14,16 The concentration of the element in the sample can be calculated as: (1) where A S and B S = atom fractions of isotopes A and B in the sample; A Sp and B Sp = idem, in the spikes; C S and C Sp = concentrations of the elements in the sample and spike; m Sp = spike mass; V S = sample volume, R b = measured isotope ratio of the blended sample corrected for mass discrimination; K = ratio of the atomic mass of the element over that of the spike. Considering R b as the enriched to natural isotope ratio, consequently the K factor assumes values slightly above or below the unity depending on the spike being enriched on the heavy or light isotope.…”

Inductively coupled plasma- and glow discharge plasma-sector field mass spectrometry : Part I. Tutorial: Fundamentals and instrumentation

“…122 In science, enriched isotopes are used for tracer experiments in biology and medicine, [123][124][125][126] or quantification in analytical chemistry applying isotope dilution mass spectrometry. 127,128 Since effects 2 and 3 affect all isotopes of an element and lead to a shift in the isotopic composition, this process is denoted as isotope fractionation.…”