A refined resonance method, which is based on the theoretical model of a piezoelectric stack under constraint boundary condition is developed and proposed to measure the properties of piezoelectric stack which are relevant to the prestress. The method can transcend the limitation of the conventional resonance method in which the piezoelectric stack under measurement must be free to vibrate. An experimental setup has been designed and built according to the theoretical model, and the properties of a piezoelectric stack are characterized for a wide range of prestress to demonstrate the validity of this method. The experimental results show that properties including relative dielectric constant, piezoelectric constant, electromechanical coupling coefficient and elastic compliance exhibit strong pressure dependence. Among them, the piezoelectric constant measured by this method is compared with measurement by traditional static method, and the deviation between the refined and conventional method is less than 3.25% for a pressure range from 0 to 6 MPa, which indicates that the experimental results of the two test methods are consistent and the presented theoretical model for piezoelectric stack under preload manifests accuracy by means of the correctness and feasibility verification of the proposed method though cross validation and relevant discussions. Consequently, the refined resonance method could be extended to analyze the variation of piezoelectric stack properties that occurs under operational conditions with varied pressure.