Characterisation of env and gag gene fragments of bovine leukemia viruses (BLVs) from cattle in Turkey

Alkan, Feray; Oğuzoğlu, Tuba Çiğdem; Timurkan, Mehmet Ozkan; Karapınar, Zeynep

doi:10.1007/s00705-011-1060-6

Cited by 9 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 17 publications

(33 reference statements)

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“…Genetic distance analysis of 14 sequences representing BLV isolated in Moldova and 35 sequences representing each of the known genotypes (G1-G10) revealed 95.3% to 99.8% sequence identity at the nucleotide level. Thus, our data confirmed the high degree of conservation of the gp51 env gene sequence among geographically different strains, as has been reported previously for many BLV isolates [7, 8, 10, 27–30]. …”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…Since the dissemination of BLV infection is associated mainly with introduction of infected cattle into a herd, we speculate that animal trade that took place between countries belonging to CMEA (Council for Mutual Economic Assistance) played a critical role in modulation of the topology of the phylogenetic tree. The role of animal trade in BLV diversification has been emphasized in some studies [30, 32, 38]. Although we demonstrated that most Moldovan strains were of genotype G7, two strains clustered within G4, in close proximity to isolates from France, Mongolia and Belgium.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 45%

“…We aimed to include in this analysis as many geographically diverse strains as possible; however, this was limited by the number of available sequences representing the full-length gp51. Therefore, we needed to confirm these results for inferring the phylogenetic tree using a 444-bp fragment of gp51-encoding sequences which has been used most often in phylogenetic analysis of BLV [14, 30–32]. Another advantage of the use of the 444-bp fragment was that we were able to fully match phylogenetic data already generated in our previous study with BLV obtained from Eastern Europe and Siberia [8].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

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Molecular characterization of bovine leukemia virus from Moldovan dairy cattle

et al. 2017

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Bovine leukemia virus (BLV) is the causative agent of enzootic bovine leukosis (EBL), a disease that has worldwide distribution. Whilst it has been eradicated in most of Western Europe and Scandinavia, it remains a problem in other regions, particularly Eastern Europe and South America. For this study, in 2013, 24 cattle from three farms in three regions of Moldova were screened by ELISA and nested PCR. Of these cattle, 14 which were PCR positive, and these were molecularly characterized based on the nucleotide sequence of the env gene and the deduced amino acid sequence of the encoded gp51 protein. Our results demonstrated a low level of genetic variability (0-2.9%) among BLV field strains from Moldova, in contrast to that observed for other retroviruses, including human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) (20-38%) Mason IL (Trudy vologod moloch Inst 146–164, 1970) and equine infectious anemia virus (EIAV) (~40%) Willems L et al (AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses 16(16):1787–1795, 2000), where the envelope gene exhibits high levels of variation Polat M et al (Retrovirology 13(1):4, 2016). Sequence comparisons and phylogenetic analysis revealed that BLV genotype 7 (G7) is predominant in Moldova and that the BLV population in Moldovan cattle is a mixture of at least three new sub-genotypes: G7D, G7E and G4C. Neutrality tests revealed that negative selection was the major force operating upon the 51-kDa BLV envelope surface glycoprotein subunit gp51, although one positively selected site within conformational epitope G was detected in the N-terminal part of gp51. Furthermore, two functional domains, linear epitope B and the zinc-binding domain, were found to have an elevated ratio of nonsynonymous to synonymous codon differences. Together, these data suggest that the evolutionary constraints on epitopes G and B and the zinc-binding domains of gp51 differ from those on the other domains, with a tendency towards formation of homogenous genetic groups, which is a common concept of global BLV diversification during virus transmission that may be associated with genetic drift.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 45%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

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Molecular characterization of bovine leukemia virus from Moldovan dairy cattle

et al. 2017

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“…The in vivo mutation rate of the env gene, still considered very low, is approximately 0.009 % nucleotide changes per year [17]. It has been demonstrated that this gene contains several restriction sites that allow the classification of BLV strains into several different genotypes [15,18]. Furthermore, it contains highly conserved regions that are involved in the interaction between target cells and the virus [19,20].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Partial molecular characterization of different proviral strains of bovine leukemia virus

et al. 2012

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Bovine leukemia virus (BLV)-infected cattle were classified by their proviral load into low and high proviral load profiles (LPL and HPL, respectively). Blood from these animals was used to infect sheep to obtain multiple identical copies of integrated provirus. An env fragment of BLV was amplified from all infected sheep and sequenced. The sequences that were obtained were compared to already published BLV genome sequence, resulting in three clusters. Mutations could not be attributed to the passage of provirus from cattle to sheep and subsequent amplification and sequencing. The description of two different proviral load profiles, the association of the BoLA-DRB3.2 0902 allele with the LPL profile, the availability of complete BLV sequences, and the comparison of a variable region of the env gene from carefully characterized cattle are still not enough to explain the presence of animals in every herd that are resistant to BLV dissemination.

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“…The infectivity and/or pathogenicity of BLV may be affected by alterations in the env gene, which is considered as one of the most variable regions of the BLV genome (5). The classification of BLV strains into several different genotypes depends on the several restriction sites that this gene contains (6). In addition, it has conserved regions that are involved in the interaction between target cells and the virus.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Análisis molecular de un fragmento del gen env del virus de leucosis bovina, por PCR anidada en vacas lecheras de Pasto, Nariño

Benavides¹,

Muñoz²,

Ceriani³

2016

Rev. Med. Vet.

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Introducción: El diagnóstico de rutina para la leucosis bovina se realiza con pruebas serológicas indirectas, aunque se recomienda usar la reacción en cadena de la polimerasa (PCR), que permite un diagnóstico confiable en fases iniciales y en animales jóvenes. Además, mediante la amplificación del ADN se pueden secuenciar fragmentos del virus, que permite identificar los genotipos presentes y construir árboles filogenéticos. Objetivo: Analizar un fragmento del gen env del virus de leucosis bovina (VLB) aislado de animales positivos a ELISA indirecta en fincas lecheras del municipio de Pasto, Nariño. Materiales y métodos: Una vez establecida la presencia del VLB en 48 animales mayores de dos años en siete fincas lecheras del municipio de Pasto mediante la prueba de ELISA indirecta, se realizó una prueba de PCR anidada para confirmar el diagnóstico y secuenciar un fragmento del gen env en los animales positivos y sus hijas. Las secuencias obtenidas se compararon con los siete genotipos descritos en el mundo mediante el programa MEGA 6. Resultados: Las secuencias de los fragmentos comparados no difieren de las descritas; pero permiten su agrupación en diferentes clústeres de acuerdo con su similitud. Los genotipos encontrados en estas fincas corresponden al genotipo 1 y 2 descritos en la literatura. Conclusiones: En las fincas con reposición propia y adecuadas medidas de bioseguridad solo se encontró un genotipo y en las fincas con menor control en las prácticas de manejo y de reposición se encontraron los dos genotipos descritos para la región.

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Characterisation of env and gag gene fragments of bovine leukemia viruses (BLVs) from cattle in Turkey

Cited by 9 publications

References 17 publications

Molecular characterization of bovine leukemia virus from Moldovan dairy cattle

Molecular characterization of bovine leukemia virus from Moldovan dairy cattle

Partial molecular characterization of different proviral strains of bovine leukemia virus

Análisis molecular de un fragmento del gen env del virus de leucosis bovina, por PCR anidada en vacas lecheras de Pasto, Nariño

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