Characterisation of Diesel Engine Transient Pumping-loss and Control Methodology for Transient Specific Fuel Consumption (SFC)

Tufail, Khizer; Winstanley, T; Karagiorgis, Stelios; Hardalupas, Y.; Taylor, A. M. K. P.

doi:10.4271/2009-01-2748

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…In the 1960s, researchers realized that the influence of turbochargers on the hysteresis effect of turbocharged ICEs could not be ignored and put forward strategies to improve the turbocharger transient response. For example, reasonably match between the engine and turbocharger, 5,6 adopting variable geometry turbocharger (VGT) or electrically assisted turbocharger, [7][8][9][10] or improving the efficiency of turbine or compressor or reducing the moment of inertia of rotor to improve the transient response performance of turbocharger. 11 The test methods of turbocharger transient response can be divided into the direct method and indirect method.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An evaluation method for transient response performance of a turbocharger in gasoline engine: Simulation and experiment

Wang

2022

Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part A:

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The vital issue of response lag and soot emission during transient operation of turbocharged engine, has been studied so far mainly on experiment in engine system rather than turbocharger basis. The study of turbocharger transient performance, however, is extremely important to manufacturers due to the stringent regulations of exhaust emission and economy for the turbocharger engine. Therefore, a general method independent of the engine for evaluating the transient response performance of a gasoline turbocharger is proposed in this paper. First, an explicit relationship between key thermodynamic parameters of turbine and compressor and the evaluation index of [Formula: see text] that can characterize turbocharger transient response are established. Secondly, the proposed evaluation method is tested and verified using the coupling between GT-Power and MATLAB Simulink software based on the gasoline turbocharger. The simulation results show that the appropriate conditions should be selected for the transient response test, including the starting and ending speed, the starting mass flow rate, etc. For this proposed turbocharger, the value of [Formula: see text] has a good consistency when the ending speed is 200,000 r/min and the initial mass flow rate is in the range of 0.0715∼0.0756 kg/s. Moreover, the influence of rotor moment of inertia, turbine efficiency and compressor efficiency on [Formula: see text] is analyzed in this selected condition. Finally, the evaluating method of the transient response performance of the turbocharger is conducted on a test bench. The test results are in good agreement with the simulation results, indicating that the proposed evaluation method for transient response of turbocharger has a good predictability and can be used for quantitative evaluation of transient response-ability for different turbochargers independent of engine.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An evaluation method for transient response performance of a turbocharger in gasoline engine: Simulation and experiment

Wang

2022

Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part A:

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“…Different models are implemented in the engine control system to predict the oxygen trapped in the cylinder allowing the right amount of fuel to be added each cycle during the transient. As shown in examples of control system models [1], [2], [3], [4], the λ cannot pass below a critical value, typically  1.25-1.30 for an engine without a diesel particle filter, before smoke emissions increase rapidly, thus also increasing transient response time. If the combustion system can maintain low emissions of PM and NOx at a lower λ by increasing the amount of fuel during the beginning of the transient, the available exhaust energy and engine torque will be increased, resulting in faster buid up of boost pressure.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Experimental Study of the Influence of Variable In-Cylinder Flow, Caused by Active Valve Train, on Combustion and Emissions in a Diesel Engine at Low Lambda Operation

Dembinski¹,

Ångström²

2011

SAE Technical Paper Series

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Spray and mixture formation in a compression ignition engine is of paramount importance for diesel combustion. In engine transient operation, when the load increases rapidly, the combustion system needs to handle low lambda (λ) operation while avoiding high particle emissions. Single cylinder tests were performed to evaluate the effect of differences in cylinder flow on combustion and emissions at typical low λ transient operation. The tests were performed on a heavy duty single cylinder test engine with Lotus Active Valve Train (AVT) controlling the inlet airflow. The required swirl number (SN) and tumble were controlled by applying different inlet valve profiles and opening either both inlet valves or only one or the other. The operating point of interest was extracted from engine transient conditions before the boost pressure was increased and investigated further at steady state conditions. The AVT enabled the resulting SN to be controlled at bottom dead centre (BDC) from ~0.3 to 6.8 and tumble from ~0.5 to 4. The fuel injection pressure was varied from 500 bar up to 2000 bar, with increments of 500 bar, for each SN and tumble setting. No exhaust gas recirculation was used in following tests. GT-POWER was used to calculate SN, tumble, and turbulent intensity with the different valve settings. The input data for the GT-POWER flow calculations were measured in a steady-state flow rig with honeycomb torque measurement. The main conclusion of this study was that the air flow structure in the cylinder, characterized by SN, tumble, and turbulent intensity, has a significant effect on the resulting engine combustion and emissions for the investigated range of fuel injection pressures. By increasing SN above 3, while maintaining tumble at low levels, the engine could be run with richer air/fuel mixtures without further increasing smoke emissions at injection pressures 1000 bar and above. Also, NOx emissions decreased at λ below 1.3; ignition delay time decreased at higher tumble and turbulent levels; and higher levels of swirl resulted in more rapid combustion, decreasing smoke emissions at injection pressures over 1000 bar. Smoke emissions increase at higher engine speeds (above 1200 rpm) and high SN (above 6). The results of this study demonstrate that the mixing process controlled by in-cylinder flow (swirl and tumble) has a dominant effect on combustion.

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Research of Post Injection Strategy of an EGR Diesel Engine to Improve Combustion and Particulate Emissions Performance: Application on the Transient Operation

et al. 2020

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Mobile source emissions have already accounted for a large proportion of environmental pollution, which seriously affect the symmetric characteristics of atmosphere, and automobile emissions have extremely serious deterioration of emissions under transient operation, especially particulate emissions. These factors exacerbate the asymmetry of the environment. So, the paper reports an experiment about the improvement of post injection strategy on combustion, regulated emissions (HC, CO, and NOx), and particle number emissions especially the emissions of different size particles in the transient process of an EGR diesel engine, meanwhile, the effects of post injection on the combustion of mixture are further analyzed by numerical simulation method. The test speed was 1600 r/min, and the torque increased from 5% of the maximum torque to 100%. The results indicated that the shorter the instantaneous loading time, the more severe the deterioration of particulate emissions, HC and CO emissions, but loading time has little effect on NOx emissions. The particles with the size range of 50–100 nm, 23–50 nm, and >100 nm are greatly affected by the loading process and post injection. In comparison, it has little effect on ultrafine particles with particle size of 15–23 nm and <15 nm. With the amount of post injection increased, the in-cylinder disturbance increased, and the oxygen-rich area in cylinder increased, the particle number concentration first decreased and then slightly increased. When the amount of post injection fuel is 2 mg and the main-post injection interval is 2000 us, the effects of suppressing particulate emissions are the best, for the 50–100 nm and >100 nm particles, the peak number concentration can be reduced by 25% and 50%, respectively. Due to the turbo charging lag, the peak of NOx emissions during the unloading process were slightly larger than the loading process.

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Characterisation of Diesel Engine Transient Pumping-loss and Control Methodology for Transient Specific Fuel Consumption (SFC)

Cited by 5 publications

References 14 publications

An evaluation method for transient response performance of a turbocharger in gasoline engine: Simulation and experiment

An evaluation method for transient response performance of a turbocharger in gasoline engine: Simulation and experiment

An Experimental Study of the Influence of Variable In-Cylinder Flow, Caused by Active Valve Train, on Combustion and Emissions in a Diesel Engine at Low Lambda Operation

Research of Post Injection Strategy of an EGR Diesel Engine to Improve Combustion and Particulate Emissions Performance: Application on the Transient Operation

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