Characterisation of CoNi(Cu)/Cu multilayers deposited from a citrate electrolyte in a flow channel cell

Dulal, S.M.S.I.; Charles, E.A.; Roy, Sudipta

doi:10.1016/j.electacta.2003.12.038

Cited by 39 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Tri-sodium citrate (TSC) was used as a complexing agent and its concentration was 0.3 M in all electrolytes. Tri-sodium citrate was chosen because it was non-toxic and had brightening, levelling and buffering actions [24][25][26][27]. Moreover, citrate electrolyte has recently been used for precision electrodeposition [27,28].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrodeposition of CoWP film II. Effect of electrolyte concentration

et al. 2007

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CoWP films were electrodeposited on coppercoated silicon wafers from citrate electrolyte containing cobalt sulphate, sodium tungstate and sodium hypophosphite at room temperature potentiostatically. The effects of electrolyte concentration on thickness, composition and microstructure of the films were studied. It was observed that the deposition current density and thickness increased with increasing cobalt and hypophosphite ion concentrations, whereas an increase in tungstate ion concentration resulted in a decrease in current density and thickness. Films with larger variations of cobalt (from 64 to 83 at.%), tungsten (from 0.5 to 24 at.%) and phosphorus (from 6 to 21 at.%) were electrodeposited by controlling the concentrations of the electrolytes. X-ray diffraction studies suggested that films containing *20 at.% phosphorus were amorphous while films with lower phosphorus content were crystalline. SEM and AFM examinations showed that the size of crystallites and surface roughness were mainly dependent on the amount of phosphorus present in the films.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrodeposition of CoWP film II. Effect of electrolyte concentration

et al. 2007

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“…Ni-Co (Cu)/Cu multilayers consisting of 50 and 200 bi-layers were deposited from a citrate electrolyte onto a Ti-Au coated quartz disc in a flow channel cell by a dual pulse plating method [115]. The dissolution of the less noble ferromagnetic components during pulse plating was studied using an oscilloscope and cyclic voltammetry.…”

Section: Electrodeposition Of Multilayersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent developments in the electrodeposition of nickel and some nickel-based alloys

Oriňáková¹,

Turoňová²,

Kladeková³

et al. 2006

J Appl Electrochem

207

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The numerous theoretical and practical studies of the electrodeposition of nickel and its binary and selected ternary alloys with copper and cobalt over the last 10-15 years are reviewed. The reported mechanisms of the electrodeposition processes and accompanying evolution of hydrogen are considered. The complex influence of different bath compositions, pHs, current densities or potential ranges and temperature on the formation of single or multiple deposition layers are compared. The determination of the structure and morphology of the deposits on different substrates, including solid surfaces and particulate materials, using a range of analytical techniques are reported.

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“…TSC was chosen because it was non-toxic and had brightening, levelling and buffering action [18,19]. Moreover, citrate electrolyte had recently been used for precision electrodeposition [20][21][22]. The solutions were prepared by dissolving appropriate amounts of the chemicals in de-ionised water and the pH of the electrolytes were 7.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%