Characterisation of carbonaceous aerosols from the Azorean Island of Terceira

Alves, Célia; Oliveira, Tiago; Pio, Casimiro; Silvestre, Armando J. D.; Fialho, Paulo; Barata, Filipe Themudo; Legrand, Michel

doi:10.1016/j.atmosenv.2006.10.022

Cited by 46 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…Occasional showers, whichare common at this time of the year, were triggered by the orographic uplift of moist air 135 The average contribution of EC to WITC in rain was 13%. This share is about 2 to 4 149 times lower than that of continental background aerosols (Pio et al, 2007) and suggests 150 that wet deposition processes are more efficient in removing WIOC than EC from the 151 atmosphere. However, the relative contribution of both carbon fractions to WITC is the 152 result of a complex balance between emission, transformation and removal processes.…”

Section: Precipitation Data 119mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…areas and transported to the Central North Atlantic Ocean is expected to be significantly 161 removed from the atmosphere by wet deposition processes (along with dry deposition 162 processes) before being transported to the Azores. On the other hand, a large fraction of 163 OC aerosols from continental areas is water soluble (Pio et al, 2007), which also 164 facilitates removal from the atmosphere by wet deposition during transport over the 165 Atlantic Ocean. Given that, most of the EC and WIOC particles emitted in continental 166 areas were most likely lost during transport of air masses to the Azores and that the 167 share of EC was lower than that of WIOC in rain sampled at AHMO, seems to be alogical conclusion that the ocean appears to act as a source of organic carbon to the 169 local atmosphere.…”

Section: Precipitation Data 119mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Wet deposition of particulate carbon to the Central North Atlantic Ocean

Custódio

Cerqueira

Fialho

et al. 2014

Science of The Total Environment

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Section: Precipitation Data 119mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Precipitation Data 119mentioning

confidence: 99%

Wet deposition of particulate carbon to the Central North Atlantic Ocean

Custódio

Cerqueira

Fialho

et al. 2014

Science of The Total Environment

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“…In recent years, haze pollution has attracted a lot of attention due to its significant effects on visibility, cloud formation, public health, and even the global climate (Okada et al, 2001;Schichtel et al, 2001;Menon et al, 2002;Watson, 2002;Chen et al, 2003;Yadav et al, 2003;Kang et al, 2004;Andre, 2005). Fine particulate matter such as water soluble inorganic ions , NO 3 -, NH 4 + ) and carbonaceous species are thought to be the most important contributors to the impairment of visibility (Jacobson, 2001;Brown et al, 2002;Chen et al, 2003;Kang et al, 2004;Sun et al, 2006;Alvesa et al, 2007;Yang et al, 2007;Fu et al, 2008;Tan et al, 2009a;Tao et al, 2009;Tan et al, 2009b;Sabbagh-Kupelwieser et al, 2010;Vega et al, 2010). High concentrations of PM 2.5 (particulate matter with a diameter less than 2.5 µm), especially high concentrations of secondary species from anthropogenic sources, can have a dominant effect on the formation of haze (Kang et al, 2004;Deng et al, 2008;Fu et al, 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimation of the Main Factors Influencing Haze, Based on a Long-term Monitoring Campaign in Hangzhou, China

Xiao

Zhang

Hong

et al. 2011

Aerosol Air Qual. Res.

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Eight years of data on haze and visibility (2003)(2004)(2005)(2006)(2007)(2008)(2009)(2010) and one year of (2010) data on surface meteorological elements (relative humidity, wind speed, air temperature), visibility and the concentrations of air pollutants (PM 2.5 , SO 2 , NO 2 and O 3 ) measured each hour of each day were analyzed using correlation analysis to investigate the main factors influencing haze in Hangzhou, China. The occurrence of hazy weather has become more frequent over the past eight years in Hangzhou, and haze appears about 160 days per year. The occurrence of haze during the day was more frequent in the spring and the winter and less frequent in the summer and the autumn. Low visibility occurred in the morning, and the maximum visibility occurred in the afternoon period. The results of the statistical analysis show that the relative humidity and the concentration of PM 2.5 played the most important roles in reducing visibility. The correlation coefficients between the concentration of PM 2.5 and the concentrations of O 3 , SO 2 and NO 2 indicate that O 3 and NO 2 are the dominant factors contributing to PM 2.5 pollution, which, in turn, can lead to haze. To reduce the number of haze days, greater concern and more countermeasures should be taken to decrease the O 3 and NO 2 pollution in Hangzhou, China.

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“…The chemical compositions of PM 2.5 are a very important factor that leads to visibility degradation. Previous studies found that sulfate and carbonaceous species are considered to be very important contributors to visibility impairment, whereas nitrates cause the most reduction in visibility at some locations (Tang et al, 1981;Solomon and Moyers, 1984;Sisler and Malm, 1994;Wu et al, 2006;Alvesa et al, 2007;Kim et al, 2008). From the results of previous researches, it is obvious that visibility is affected by many pollutants.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 76%

Analysis of the major factors affecting the visibility degradation in two stations

Cheng

Chang

Lin³

et al. 2013

Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association

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There are four types of PM 10 (particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter <10 m) episodes that occur frequently in central Taiwan: long-range transport with dust storms (DS), long-range transport with frontal pollution (FP), river dust (RD), and stagnant weather (SW). During the periods of the four episodes, poor visibility usually results. Multiple linear regression was applied to visibility using eight potential influential variables (temperature, relative humidity, wind speed, PM 2.5 , PM 2.5-10 , SO 2 , NO 2 , and NO) as independent variables. Of the eight variables, PM 2.5 showed the greatest explainable percentage of about 48.6% and 58.1% for Taichung and Wuchi stations, respectively. This suggested that PM 2.5 was the most important contributor to reduced visibility. Compared with other type of episodes, the aerosols tended to be of fine size during the SW episodes. This is the main reason that the poorest visibility occurred during the SWepisodes. Good correlation between visibility and secondary inorganic salts (NH 4 þ , NO 3 À , and SO 4 2À ) were found at Taichung station (r ¼ 0.71) and Wuchi station (r ¼ 0.81), suggesting that secondary inorganic salts did contribute significantly to the degradation of visibility. The visibility degradation due to the effects of NO 3 À was much higher than that due to SO 4 2À and NH 4 þ in the urban area, whereas the visibility degradation due to the effects of NO 3 À , SO 4 2À , and NH 4 þ did not show significant difference in the rural area.Implications: Of the eight potential influential variables, PM 2.5 showed the greatest effects on reduced visibility. Compared with other type of episodes, the aerosols tend to be fine size during the episodes of stagnant weather. This is the main reason why the poorest visibility occurred during the SW episodes. Good correlations between visibility and secondary inorganic salts (NH 4 þ , NO 3 À , and SO 4 2À ) suggested that secondary inorganic salts did contribute significantly to the degradation of visibility. Among the three inorganic salts, nitrates played a leading role for visibility degradation in urban areas in central Taiwan.

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Characterisation of carbonaceous aerosols from the Azorean Island of Terceira

Cited by 46 publications

References 55 publications

Wet deposition of particulate carbon to the Central North Atlantic Ocean

Wet deposition of particulate carbon to the Central North Atlantic Ocean

Estimation of the Main Factors Influencing Haze, Based on a Long-term Monitoring Campaign in Hangzhou, China

Analysis of the major factors affecting the visibility degradation in two stations

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