Chapter II: Scaling

Lord, Frederic M.

doi:10.3102/00346543024005375

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 97 publications

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“…Various ways of developing scales have been reported in the literature. The most widely used ones among these include the Thurstone scaling technique (Anastasi & Urbina, 1997;Dunn-Rankin et al, 2004;Lord, 1954;Nunnally & Bernstein, 1994;Price, 2017;Torgerson, 1958), Guttman scales (Anastasi & Urbina, 1997;Dunn-Rankin et al, 2004;Lord, 1954;Nunnally & Bernstein, 1994;Price, 2017), and Likert-type rating scales (Anastasi & Urbina, 1997;Dunn-Rankin et al, 2004;Price, 2017). In the Likert-type item construction, there is a statement related to the psychological trait in concern and a rating showing the levels of agreement with, or approval of, this statement (Anastasi & Urbina, 1997;DeVellis, 2003).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

How many response categories are sufficient for Likert type scales? An empirical study based on the Item Response Theory

Aybek

Toraman

2022

International Journal of Assessment Tools in Education

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The current study investigates the optimum number of response categories for the Likert type of scales under the item response theory (IRT). The data was collected from university students attend to mainly the faculty of medicine and the faculty of education. A form of the “Social Gender Equity Scale” developed by Gozutok et al. (2017) was prepared, which had 3, 5 and 7-point response categories. The graded response model (GRM) was used for item calibrations. The results of the study have revealed that using a 5-point response option provides advantages over using a 3-point response category in terms of reliability and test information perspective in the scale development process. The-5 point scale also provides easier responding process for the respondents while it does not pose a major disadvantage compared to a 7-point response category in the terms of reliability. Therefore, based on the findings of the study, researchers are recommended to use a 5-point response category in their scale development process.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

How many response categories are sufficient for Likert type scales? An empirical study based on the Item Response Theory

Aybek

Toraman

2022

International Journal of Assessment Tools in Education

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Scaling Theory: A Review of Developments From 1954 to 1957*

Messick

Abelson²

1957

ETS Research Bulletin Series

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How many grades of response categories does the commitment to the profession of medicine scale provide the most information?

Tekin,

Toraman,

Aytuğ Koşan

2024

International Journal of Assessment Tools in Education

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In the present study, we examined the psychometric properties of the data obtained from the Commitment to Profession of Medicine Scale (CPMS) with 4-point, 5-point, 6-point, and 7-point response sets based on Item Response Theory (IRT). A total of 2150 medical students from 16 different universities participated in the study. The participants were divided into four groups consisting of 560, 544, 502, and 544 medical students. The first group (n=560) was assigned four-point, the second group (n=544) five-point, the third group (n=502) six-point, and the fourth group (n=544) seven-point Likert forms. We used R statistical software to analyze the data. The results of item calibrations conducted with the Graded Response Model (GRM) were analyzed. The results show that the eigenvalue increased from 4-point to 7-point. Similarly, the explained variance percentage and the scale's reliability increased gradually from 4-point to 7-point. The explained variance, reliability level, and eigenvalue were very close in the 5-point and 6-point forms.

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Chapter II: Scaling

Cited by 3 publications

References 97 publications

How many response categories are sufficient for Likert type scales? An empirical study based on the Item Response Theory

How many response categories are sufficient for Likert type scales? An empirical study based on the Item Response Theory

Scaling Theory: A Review of Developments From 1954 to 1957*

How many grades of response categories does the commitment to the profession of medicine scale provide the most information?

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