Chapter 7 Quality and agronomic use of compost

Tittarelli, Fabio; Petruzzelli, G.; Pezzarossa, B.; Civilini, M.; Benedetti, Antonio; Sequi, P.

doi:10.1016/s1478-7482(07)80010-8

Cited by 31 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Salinity (measured as EC) and pH are considered key properties to allow compost use in nurseries and greenhouses (Tittarelli et al, 2007). Ammonium is considered to be phytotoxic when exceeding a certain threshold, which is stricter under nursery use due to close contact between the compost and the plant root systems.…”

Section: 7compost Evaluationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evaluation of composition and performance of composts derived from guacamole production residues

González-Fernández

Galea

Álvarez³

et al. 2015

Journal of Environmental Management

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The utilization of organic wastes to improve soils or for growth media components in local farms and nurseries can reduce the environmental pollution linked to waste disposal while increasing the sustainability of crop production. This approach could be applied to waste products generated from the production 2 of guacamole (an emerging activity in the avocado production areas in mainland Spain), where appropriate treatment of this oily and doughy waste product has not been previously reported. The aim of this work is to study the feasibility of cocomposting guacamole production residues (GR) with garden pruning waste (PW) as bulking agent, and the possible use of the compost produced depending on its quality. A windrow composting trial using three GR:PW ratios, 2:1, 1:2, and 1:7 was carried out. Temperature, moisture, organic matter, and C/N ratio were used to follow the evolution of the composting process during 7 months. After an additional 3-month curing period, composts were sieved to less than 10 mm and a set of European quality criteria was used to assess compost quality and intended use. In general, the 3 composting mixtures followed the classical process evolution, with minor differences among them. The 1:2 GR:PW ratio appeared most adequate for combining better process evolution and maximum GR ratio.Except for their high pH that limits their use as growing media component in some particular cases, the obtained composts fulfilled the more stringent European standards for commercial composts. Self-heating tests confirmed the high stability of the composts produced. The germination of cress by the direct contact method was satisfactory for composts GR:PW 1:2 and 1:7, showing no signs of toxicity. Avocado seedlings planted in substrates containing 67% of the GR:PW composts exhibited greater plant growth than those in the control treatment, and with no signs of phytotoxicity. The results open an interesting opportunity for the sustainable treatment of avocado fruit by-products derived from guacamole and avocado oil processing.

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Section: 7compost Evaluationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The P content in the composts can be considered adequate. Tittarelli et al (2007) indicated that P content greater than 0.6 % is enough to cover P plant uptake.…”

Section: 4chemical Characteristics and Intended Uses Of The End Prmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of composition and performance of composts derived from guacamole production residues

González-Fernández

Galea

Álvarez³

et al. 2015

Journal of Environmental Management

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“…As K 2 SO 4 -extractable C is considered to be readily decomposable organic C pool, therefore, the low extractable C concentration of compost A might have led to diminutive C %TOC (Choi and Chang, 2005). Meanwhile, pH, C/N, and NH 4 + /NO 3 -are closely associated with progress of composting stages and therefore, they may serve indicators of compost maturity and thus decomposability of the composts (Tittarelli et al, 2007). As the pH of the composting mixture tends to increase via the mineralization of organic N and protonation (R-NH 2 → NH 4 + + OH -) in the initial stage, followed by a progressive reduction as the result of nitrification (NH 4 + → NO 3 -+ 2H + ) and organic acid production, pre-matured compost may show a relatively high pH (Kim et al, 2008;Leconte et al, 2009).…”

Section: Cumulative Co 2 Emission and Its Relation With Substrate Quamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Composting converts livestock manure into a biochemically stable organic material that can be readily stored, easily handled, and uniformly applied to soils with little odor (Tittarelli et al, 2007). The application of compost supplies plants with nutrients, maintains soil organic matter levels, and ultimately improves plant growth (Stamatiadis et al, 1999;Courtney and Mullen, 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Substrate Quality Effects on Decomposition of Three Livestock Manure Composts with Similar Stability Degree in an Acid Loamy Soil

Lim¹,

Jung²,

Choi³

et al. 2011

Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer

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Lim SS and Jung JW contributed equally (Co-first authors)Decomposition of compost applied to soils is affected basically by its biological stability; but, many other chemical properties of the compost may also influence compost organic-C mineralization. This study was conducted to investigate the principal substrate quality factors of composts that determine C mineralization of compost with similar stability degree (SD). Three composts samples with similar SD but different chemical properties such as pH, C/N, K 2 SO 4 -extractable C, and molar ratio of NH 4 + to NO 3 -were mixed with an acid loamy soil and CO 2 emission was monitored during the laboratory incubation for 100 days. Temporal pattern of cumulative compost organic-C mineralization expressed as % of total organic C (C % TOC ) followed double exponential first order kinetics model and the C % TOC ranged from 4.8 to 11.8% at the end of incubation. The pattern of C % TOC among the composts was not coincident with the SD pattern (40.1 to 58.6%) of the composts; e.g. compost with the lowest SD resulted in the least C % TOC and vice versa. This result indicates that SD of compost can not serve as a concrete predictor of compost mineralization as SD is subject not only to maturity of compost but also to characteristics of co-composting materials such as rice hull (low SD) and sawdust (high SD). Meanwhile, such pattern of C % TOC collaborated with pH, C/N, K 2 SO 4 -extractable C, and molar ratio of NH 4 + to NO 3 -of the composts that are regarded as chemical indices of the progress of composting. Therefore, for better prediction of compost mineralization in soils, it is necessary to consider both SD and other chemical indices (pH, C/N, and molar ratio of NH 4 + to NO 3 -).

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“…Tabla 1.9. Relación de composts de alperujo y parámetros químicos seleccionados en los mismos con vistas a su uso agrícola y medioambiental Por otra parte, los residuos de almazara, con bajos contenidos en sustancias tóxicas recalcitrantes, aseguran la calidad de los composts tras la biotransformación de aquellos mediante compostaje, obteniéndose así productos (composts) cuyo uso es seguro desde el punto de vista medioambiental (Alfano et al, 2008;Roig et al, 2006 El aspecto positivo más importante del uso agrícola de compost está relacionado con la sostenibilidad de esta práctica cultural, ya que una actividad o un sistema no pueden contemplarse aisladamente y, a través del aprovechamiento agrícola, se cierra el ciclo de los nutrientes (Tittarelli et al, 2007), considerándose además la aplicación de compost con fines agrícolas una estrategia de alto potencial de secuestro de carbono en el contexto del cambio climático .…”

Section: Residuos Orgánicos Con Fines Agrícolas Residuos Orgánicos Counclassified

Caracterización y uso de compost de alperujo como enmienda orgánica. Evaluación agronómica y medioambiental

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Chapter 7 Quality and agronomic use of compost

Cited by 31 publications

References 31 publications

Evaluation of composition and performance of composts derived from guacamole production residues

Evaluation of composition and performance of composts derived from guacamole production residues

Substrate Quality Effects on Decomposition of Three Livestock Manure Composts with Similar Stability Degree in an Acid Loamy Soil

Caracterización y uso de compost de alperujo como enmienda orgánica. Evaluación agronómica y medioambiental

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