Chaos in Human Behavior: The Case of Work Motivation

Navarro, José; Arrieta, Carlos

doi:10.1017/s1138741600003826

Cited by 22 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…Some empirical studies in organizational contexts support this (e.g., Ceja & Navarro, 2009;Cheng & Van de Ven, 1996;Guastello & Guastello, 1998;Navarro & Arrieta, 2010). In consequence, we present our third hypothesis:…”

Section: Hypothesis 2: the Outcomes Of Professional Basketball Playersupporting

confidence: 56%

Dynamic Criteria: a Longitudinal Analysis of Professional Basketball Players' Outcomes

2012

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This paper describes the fluctuations of temporal criteria dynamics in the context of professional sport. Specifically, we try to verify the underlying deterministic patterns in the outcomes of professional basketball players. We use a longitudinal approach based on the analysis of the outcomes of 94 basketball players over ten years, covering practically players' entire career development. Time series were analyzed with techniques derived from nonlinear dynamical systems theory. These techniques analyze the underlying patterns in outcomes without previous shape assumptions (linear or nonlinear). These techniques are capable of detecting an intermediate situation between randomness and determinism, called chaos. So they are very useful for the study of dynamic criteria in organizations. We have found most players (88.30%) have a deterministic pattern in their outcomes, and most cases are chaotic (81.92%). Players with chaotic patterns have higher outcomes than players with linear patterns. Moreover, players with power forward and center positions achieve better results than other players. The high number of chaotic patterns found suggests caution when appraising individual outcomes, when coaches try to find the appropriate combination of players to design a competitive team, and other personnel decisions. Management efforts must be made to assume this uncertainty. Keywords: dynamic criteria, nonlinear dynamical systems theory, chaos, sport, basketball.En este artículo describimos las fluctuaciones en el tiempo del rendimiento de jugadores profesionales de baloncesto buscando patrones deterministas y de qué tipo son. Para ello, analizamos los resultados de 94 jugadores profesionales mediante un estudio longitudinal de series temporales de diez años de duración. Analizamos las series temporales utilizando las técnicas que se proponen desde la teoría de sistemas dinámicos no lineales. Mediante estas técnicas podemos descubrir los patrones subyacentes de los resultados sin tener que realizar asunciones previas sobre la linealidad o no linealidad de los datos, ni transformaciones de los mismos para que se ajusten a priori a una distribución. En los resultados encontrados, la mayoría de los jugadores muestran un patrón determinista (88.30%), de los cuales la mayoría son caóticos (81.92%) que obtienen mejores resultados que los lineales. El alto número de patrones caóticos encontrados parece indicar que debemos ser precavidos a la hora de evaluar y tomar decisiones sobre el rendimiento de los jugadores, y que la gestión de equipos debe asumir que la incertidumbre es una parte importante en este contexto. Palabras clave: criterios dinámicos, teoría de sistemas dinámicos no lineales, caos, deporte, baloncesto.

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Section: Hypothesis 2: the Outcomes Of Professional Basketball Playersupporting

confidence: 56%

Dynamic Criteria: a Longitudinal Analysis of Professional Basketball Players' Outcomes

2012

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“…Use methods that identify non-linear changes and non-linear relations among variables/phenomena (Beal & Ghandour, 2011;Navarro & Arrieta, 2010;Ramos-Villagrasa et al, 2012) Considering endogenous change Adopt a developmental perspective and acknowledge that change can occur due to endogenous processes (e.g., maturation) in absence of external influences (Levine & Moreland, 1994;Wheelan & McKeage, 1993). Applying complexity science Study chaotic dynamics over time, sudden and catastrophic changes, fractal structures, fuzzy boundaries or emergent processes in organizational phenomena (Ceja & Navarro, 2011;Guastello, 1987Guastello, , 2007; Navarro, Curioso, Gomes, Arrieta, & Cortés, 2013) about how to conduct a more time-sensitive study, it is more difficult to find organizations that allow longitudinal data-gathering, researchers lack the knowledge of techniques required for longitudinal data-analysis, and researchers are under pressure to conduct research and publish its outcomes in short periods of time (which favors short-term experiments or cross-sectional field studies).…”

Section: Level In Multilevel Designsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The type of analytical methods also matters: analysis of associations between individual differences at different moments (such as cross-lagged panel analysis) cannot provide information about intra-individual change. More is to be expected from studies with high-density designs that focus on trajectories within subjects (e.g., Ceja & Navarro, 2011;Navarro & Arrieta, 2010;Solinger, Van Olffen, Roe, & Hofmans, 2013). Finally, it would be good if longitudinal research would depart from newer temporal constructs and theories, rather than from conventional ideas rooting in differential thinking.…”

Section: Time As An Opportunity To Improve Theory and Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

Taking time seriously: Changing practices and perspectives in Work/Organizational Psychology

Navarro¹,

Roe²,

Artiles³

2015

Revista de Psicología del Trabajo y de las Organizaciones

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a b s t r a c tAlthough dedicated to the study of processes in people and organizations, W&O Psychology has shown little sensitivity to the fact that processes happen in time and evolve over time. This paper describes how the field has become more aware of time, after an initial neglect of time, and is now engaged in developing theories and empirically investigating when things happen and how they change. We discuss proposals from Molenaar, Van de Ven, Roe, and colleagues to make our conceptual apparatus better suited to the study of temporal dynamics and to make research methods more sensitive to temporal issues, changing their focus on individual differences to within-person variations. We finish with a discussion of how taking time seriously may lead W&O Psychology to explore new frontiers and to enter new paths in the future which can lead to a better recognition of complexities in organizational behavior. © 2015 Colegio Oficial de Psicólogos de Madrid. Published by Elsevier España, S.L.U. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Tomarse en serio el tiempo: cambios en la praxis y en las perspectivas de la Psicología del Trabajo y de las OrganizacionesPalabras clave: Tiempo Psicología del Trabajo y de las Organizaciones Teoría organizativa Investigación organizacional Ciencia de la complejidad r e s u m e n Aunque se ocupa del estudio de los procesos en las personas y en las organizaciones, la Psicología del Trabajo y de las Organizaciones ha mostrado escasa sensibilidad hacia el hecho de que los procesos suceden en el tiempo y evolucionan a lo largo del mismo. Este trabajo describe cómo se ha tomado conciencia del tiempo en este campo después de un periodo inicial de ignorarlo, con una gran implicación actual en el desarrollo de teorías e investigación empírica sobre cuándo ocurren las cosas y cómo cambian. Se comentan las propuestas de Molenaar, Van de Ven, Roe y colaboradores dirigidas a adecuar mejor nuestro aparato conceptual al estudio de la dinámica temporal y a conseguir que los métodos de investigación sean más sensibles a los aspectos temporales, cambiando su enfoque desde las diferencias individuales a las variaciones intra-persona. Se concluye comentando que considerar en serio el tiempo puede hacer que la Psicología del Trabajo y de las Organizaciones explore nuevas fronteras y abra nuevas rutas en el futuro que conduzcan a un mejor reconocimiento de las complejidades del comportamiento organizativo.

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“…As a result, examples of chaotic behavior are being found among different disciplines, such as the physical sciences (e.g., Prigogine & Stengers, 1984), physiology (e.g., Freeman, 1991;Goldberger, 1991), meteorology (e.g., Lorenz, 1993), ecology (e.g., Olsen, Truty, & Schaffer, 1988), economics (e.g., Arthur, 1989), sociology (e.g., Dendrinos & Soins, 1990) and psychology (e.g., Barton, 1994;Guastello, 2002;Navarro & Arrieta, 2010). In short, researchers have discovered chaos in the behavior of a great number of nonlinear processes; demonstrating the universality of chaos (Cvitanovic, 1989).…”

Section: Variability In Flowmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamic patterns of flow in the workplace: Characterizing within‐individual variability using a complexity science approach

Ceja

Navarro

2011

J Organ Behavior

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study introduces a nonlinear dynamical systems approach, also known as a complexity science approach, to characterize the intraindividual variability of flow experiences in the workplace.With nonlinear dynamical systems theory at its basis, the aims of the current study are threefold. The first goal is to examine whether flow exhibits both linear and nonlinear patterns. The second objective is to study if nonlinear patterns (i.e., chaotic dynamics) are associated with higher well-being (i.e., high levels of flow). The third goal is to sift out some of the variables associated with different dynamical patterns of flow (i.e., chaotic, random or linear) while engaging in work-related activities. Flow and Well-Being at Work

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Chaos in Human Behavior: The Case of Work Motivation

Cited by 22 publications

References 45 publications

Dynamic Criteria: a Longitudinal Analysis of Professional Basketball Players' Outcomes

Dynamic Criteria: a Longitudinal Analysis of Professional Basketball Players' Outcomes

Taking time seriously: Changing practices and perspectives in Work/Organizational Psychology

Dynamic patterns of flow in the workplace: Characterizing within‐individual variability using a complexity science approach

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