Channel Modeling for UAV-to-Ground Communications With Posture Variation and Fuselage Scattering Effect

Hua, Boyu; Ni, Haoran; Zhu, Qiuming; Wang, Cheng-Xiang; Zhou, Tongtong; Masuda, Kai; Bao, Junwei; Zhang, Xiaofei

doi:10.1109/tcomm.2023.3255900

Cited by 43 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…With the pulse topology charge l increasing, the intensity of the spatiotemporal hollow multi-ring solitons’ central peak vibrated and decayed. Our results will hopefully enrich the understanding of linear localized structures of the potential free Schrödinger equation and may provide useful information for potential applications such as optical tweezing, 37 the generation of plasma channels, 38 optical communications, 39 , 40 and 3D microprinting 41 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 81%

Spatiotemporal hollow multi-ring optical solitons in strongly nonlocal nonlinear media

Zhang

2023

Opt. Eng.

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Spatiotemporal optical solitons in strongly nonlocal nonlinear media (SNNM) are investigated theoretically and numerically by solving the ð3 þ 1ÞD Schrödinger equation in parabolic cylindric coordinates. The spatiotemporal optical solitons in parabolic cylindric coordinates are constructed by the Hermite-Gaussian pulses with topology charge l in the temporal domain and confluent hypergeometric beams with model number n, m in the spatial domain. The transverse field patterns of the solitons are manipulated by the confluent hypergeometric functions; meanwhile the Hermite-Gaussian pulses affect their transverse central peak's intensity. Typical examples of the obtained soliton solutions are based on spatial mode numbers m, n, pulse topology charge l, and modulation depth q. The spatiotemporal hollow multi-ring optical soliton in SNNM with m ≠ 0 is first accessed. The spatiotemporal optical soliton keeps approximately non-dispersion properties in the temporal dimension, and their widths of packets remain steady in the spatial dimension. Their transverse central peak's intensity vibrates and decays with the pulse topology charge l increasing. The spatiotemporal hollow multi-ring optical solitons in SNNM have potential applications in optical switches, optical communications, and threedimensional microprinting.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 81%

Spatiotemporal hollow multi-ring optical solitons in strongly nonlocal nonlinear media

Zhang

2023

Opt. Eng.

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“…It is assumed that the motion is operating vertically according to the z-axis when the external force of the UAV is taken into account and corresponds to the xyz rigid body axis; therefore, the components of the x and y-axis will be zero. Thus, the external force can be represented by [25].…”

Section: Heaving Motionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is assumed that the motion is operating vertically according to the z ‐axis when the external force of the UAV is taken into account and corresponds to the xyz rigid body axis; therefore, the components of the x and y ‐axis will be zero. Thus, the external force can be represented by [25].

{\mathbf{F}}_{z,e}(t)=\left\{\begin{array}{@{}l@{}}0,{\Delta }z\le 0\hfill \\ {k}_{s}{\Delta }z+{b}_{s}{\Delta }z,0< {\Delta }z\hfill \end{array}\right.

where Δ z = l s (0) − l s ( t ) and Δ z is a way to describe the amount of contact.…”

Section: Channel Parameter Computationmentioning

confidence: 99%

3D geometry‐based UAV to vehicle multiple‐input multiple‐output channel model incorporating Unmanned aerial vehicle heaving motion

Ahmed,

Hua,

Ali

et al. 2023

IET Microwaves Antenna & Prop

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Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) play a vital role in the beyond fifth‐generation (B5G) and sixth‐generation (6G) wireless communication scenarios. This paper proposes a non‐stationary three‐dimensional (3D) geometry‐based multiple‐input multiple‐output channel model for UAV to vehicle (U2V) communications considering UAV heaving motion. The proposed model incorporates the effects of UAV heaving along with the rotation, acceleration, and 3D velocity variation for matching the realistic U2V communication scenarios. The computation methods for time variant channel parameters such as Doppler frequencies, angle of arrival, and angle of departure are given and analysed. The theoretical and statistical properties, including spatial temporal correlation function, TCF, level crossing rate, average fade duration, and Doppler power spectral density are derived and analysed aiming to evaluate the proposed model. Simulation results show that the output statistical characteristics agree with the hypothetical and simulated outcomes, which shows the validity of both the channel model and theoretical derivations.

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“…In [22], an RT-based Monte-Carlo method was conducted to analyze and evaluate UAV AG channel model performance. In stochastic channel modeling, geometry-based stochastic models (GBSMs) have been widely used, and the corresponding channel characteristics have been analyzed [23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32]. In [25], a novel non-stationary maritime UAV-to-ship GBSM was proposed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In [30], a hybrid hopping-based channel model was proposed to improve the model accuracy. In addition, time-space consistency and the impacts of UAV posture variation and fuselage scattering were considered in [31,32]. However, both channel models were more suitable for urban scenarios and did not take into account the uniqueness of the mountain scene.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Channel Characterization and Modeling for 6G UAV-Assisted Emergency Communications in Complicated Mountainous Scenarios

Zhang,

Liu,

Huang

et al. 2023

Sensors

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Regarding the new demands and challenges of sixth-generation (6G) mobile communications, wireless networks are undergoing a significant shift from traditional terrestrial networks to space-air-ground-sea-integrated networks. Unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) communications in complicated mountainous scenarios are typical applications and have practical implications, especially in emergency communications. In this paper, the ray-tracing (RT) method was applied to reconstruct the propagation scenario and then acquire the wireless channel data. Channel measurements are also conducted in real mountainous scenarios for verification. By setting different flight positions, trajectories, and altitudes, channel data in the millimeter wave (mmWave) band was obtained. Important statistical properties, such as the power delay profile (PDP), Rician K-factor, path loss (PL), root mean square (RMS) delay spread (DS), RMS angular spreads (ASs), and channel capacity were compared and analyzed. The effects of different frequency bands on channel characteristics at 3.5 GHz, 4.9 GHz, 28 GHz, and 38 GHz bands in mountainous scenarios were considered. Furthermore, the effects of extreme weather, especially different precipitation, on the channel characteristics were analyzed. The related results can provide fundamental support for the design and performance evaluation of future 6G UAV-assisted sensor networks in complicated mountainous scenarios.

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Channel Modeling for UAV-to-Ground Communications With Posture Variation and Fuselage Scattering Effect

Cited by 43 publications

References 39 publications

Spatiotemporal hollow multi-ring optical solitons in strongly nonlocal nonlinear media

Spatiotemporal hollow multi-ring optical solitons in strongly nonlocal nonlinear media

3D geometry‐based UAV to vehicle multiple‐input multiple‐output channel model incorporating Unmanned aerial vehicle heaving motion

Channel Characterization and Modeling for 6G UAV-Assisted Emergency Communications in Complicated Mountainous Scenarios

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