Channel Modeling and Characterization for VLC-Based Medical Body Sensor Networks: Trends and Challenges

While the fifth-generation mobile network is being commercialized worldwide, researchers have recently started looking towards the next generation, called the 6G network. Unlike 5G and previous generations of wireless technologies designed to improve network performance for greater bandwidth, lower latency and greater reliability, 6G ecosystems is considered a platform conducive to innovations in the fields of computing, artificial intelligence, connectivity and sensors, virtualization and more. It is designed to meet the requirements of higher global coverage, greater spectral efficiency, a reduced carbon footprint, with an emphasis on sustainability, equity, trust and security through unprecedented architectural evolutions and technology. 6G will be an integrated network system that includes a traditional terrestrial mobile network, space network, and underwater network to provide ubiquitous network access. Even if there are studies on vision of 6G network that have already been published, there is still a significant amount of ground to cover. There is no decision made yet regarding anything and nothing has been ruled out. The focus of this study is to identify a complete picture of changes in architectures, technologies, and challenges that will shape the 6G network. We hope the research results will provide indications for further studies on 6G ecosystems.

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“…Consequently, it is suitable for particularly sensitive scenarios to electromagnetic radiation, such as in hospitals [104] and on aircraft [105].…”

Section: ) Visible Light Spectrummentioning

confidence: 99%

Innovative Trends in the 6G Era: A Comprehensive Survey of Architecture, Applications, Technologies, and Challenges

et al. 2023

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“…Particularly, newborn babies are highly vulnerable to even minimal amounts of RF radiation, making it necessary to find an alternative, ecofriendly communication solution for healthcare environments [2]. Additionally, conventional RF communication faces limitations in terms of spectrum availability for high data rate transmission.VLC has been successfully applied as an alternative for RF in various domains such as medical applications [3], [4], underwater communication, indoor positioning [5]- [9], and vehicle-to-vehicle communication [10]. VLC presents a promising solution for MBANs due to its wider bandwidth compared to RF and its non-harmful nature to humans [11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

NeoCommLight: A Visible Light Communication System for RF-Restricted NICUs

Niranga,

Devidas,

Ramesh

2024

IEEE Access

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Visible Light Communication (VLC) is one of the emerging technologies of Optical Wireless Communications (OWCs) in finding sustainable solutions for the spectrum crunch of beyond 5G access technologies. This research work introduces the NeoCommLight system, a healthcare communication architecture for Neonatal Intensive Care Units (NICU) based on visible light communication, which offers a promising solution for RF-restricted areas and addresses the challenges posed by spectrum crunch and health concerns associated with traditional radio communication technologies. To demonstrate the feasibility and practicality of the proposed system, a prototype design is presented, accompanied by implementation details. Furthermore, the performance analysis of the NeoCommLight system is conducted, shedding light on crucial aspects such as communication delay, transmitter-to-receiver distance, variations in transmitter angle concerning the Line of Sight (LoS) axis, and the impact of diffraction caused by a knife edge obstacle placed between the transmitter and receiver. The performance analysis of the system showed that it could transmit data at a maximum data rate of 3 Mbps at a distance of 5 cm. The system could transmit data at a data rate 800 Kbps to a maximum distance of 2 meters.

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“…Therefore, the most realistic indoor VLC channel modeling is presented in [ 10 , 11 ], where accelerated ray tracing features of Zemax® are used to obtain channel impulse responses (CIRs) for various indoor environments. In [ 12 ], the VLC channel characteristics based on the flexible OLED are investigated in shopping malls by using ray-tracing simulations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The OPL model was further proposed as a function of the distance and physical size of photodetectors (PDs). In [ 11 ], four different real-life-based hospital scenarios were designed to model and characterize the downlink VLC-based MBSN channels. Generally, simulation results should be validated by experimental investigations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Channel Characteristics and Link Adaption for Visible Light Communication in an Industrial Scenario

Tang

Zhang

et al. 2023

Sensors

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Visible light communication (VLC) is one of the key technologies for the sixth generation (6G) to support the connection and throughput of the Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT). Furthermore, VLC channel modeling is the foundation for designing efficient and robust VLC systems. In this paper, the ray-tracing simulation method is adopted to investigate the VLC channel in IIoT scenarios. The main contributions of this paper are divided into three aspects. Firstly, based on the simulated data, large-scale fading and multipath-related characteristics, including the channel impulse response (CIR), optical path loss (OPL), delay spread (DS), and angular spread (AS), are analyzed and modeled through the distance-dependent and statistical distribution models. The modeling results indicate that the channel characteristics under the single transmitter (TX) are proportional to the propagation distance. It is also found that the degree of time domain and spatial domain dispersion is higher than that in the typical rooms (conference room and corridor). Secondly, the density of surrounding objects and the effects of user heights on these channel characteristics are also investigated. Through the analysis, it can be observed that the denser objects can contribute to the smaller OPL and the larger RMS DS under the single TX case. Furthermore, due to the blocking effect of surrounding objects, the larger OPL and the smaller RMS DS can be observed at the receiver with a low height. Thirdly, due to the distance dependence of the channel characteristics and large time-domain dispersion, the link adaption method is further proposed to optimize the multipath interference problem. This method combines a luminary adaptive selection and delay adaption technique. Then, the performance of the link adaption method is verified from four aspects through simulation, including the signal-to-noise (SNR), the RMS DS, the CIRs, and the bit-error rate (BER) of a direct-current-biased optical orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (DCO-OFDM) system. The verification results indicate that our proposed method has a significant optimization for multipath interference.

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Channel Modeling and Characterization for VLC-Based Medical Body Sensor Networks: Trends and Challenges

Cited by 11 publications

References 85 publications

Innovative Trends in the 6G Era: A Comprehensive Survey of Architecture, Applications, Technologies, and Challenges

Innovative Trends in the 6G Era: A Comprehensive Survey of Architecture, Applications, Technologies, and Challenges

NeoCommLight: A Visible Light Communication System for RF-Restricted NICUs

Channel Characteristics and Link Adaption for Visible Light Communication in an Industrial Scenario

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