Channel model and performance analysis of long-range deep sea wireless photon-counting communication

Huang, Jun; Wen, Guanhua; Dai, Jiansheng; Zhang, Liang; Wang, Yunlong

doi:10.1016/j.optcom.2020.125989

Cited by 9 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…When an optical beam is transmitting in the pure seawater and clear seawater, the temporal spread of the optical pulse can be neglected. Geometric Beer's Law (GBL) can be applied to these two water types to calculate the geometric attenuation since the beam spreading and alignment error [32]. In this article, we consider the line-of-sight communication link model.…”

Section: Underwater Channel Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Comprehensive Comparison and Analysis of Several Intensity Modulations Based on the Underwater Photon-Counting Communication System

Han

Chang

et al. 2022

Front. Phys.

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Underwater wireless optical communication is facing absorption, scattering problems, which, in principle, can be greatly resolved by underwater photon-counting communication (UPCC) technology that exhibits high-sensitivity communication characteristics in long-range underwater wireless optical communication. Recent studies on UPCC are mainly focused on a single intensity modulation such as on–off keying (OOK) and pulse position modulation (PPM) technologies, and the comprehensive analysis of communication performance combing OOK modulation and digital pulse modulations remains a lack. To this, by using a UPCC system based on a single-photon avalanche diode, we reveal the communication performances of OOK, PPM, differential pulse interval modulation (DPIM), differential pulse position modulation (DPPM), and dual-header pulse interval modulation, and find that (1) the PPM has the longest transmission distance at the same bit error ratio when M > 2, but the lowest communication rate under identical modulation bandwidth and average transmit power; and (2) the DPPM and DPIM perform the optimum communication performance at the fixed communication rate when M = 8. We thus conclude that the DPPM and DPIM have advantages of low modulation bandwidth and long time slot time compared with PPM, indicating the significance of reducing the difficulty of signal synchronization and the complexity of the underwater photon-counting system accordingly.

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Section: Underwater Channel Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Comprehensive Comparison and Analysis of Several Intensity Modulations Based on the Underwater Photon-Counting Communication System

Han

Chang

et al. 2022

Front. Phys.

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“…The UPCC differs from conventional UWOC in that an SPAD is used at the receiving end to compensate for significant optical signal energy attenuation over a long-range channel. We previously theoretically analyzed the characteristics of channels and the performance of communication systems in a real-world seawater environment [13]. The design of a UPCC system involves the following key steps: investigating the physical model of the actual SPAD component; determining the modulation format, the channel coding type, and the parameters of the digital communication system; the construction of a corresponding experimental platform; and the development of a symbol synchronization method based on the actual hardware.…”

Section: Establishment Of An Upcc Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…9(a) was 1.69 mW (2.28 dBm) and the received optical power at the detector was -84.3 dBm, so that the link attenuation reached 86.58 dB. Using the geometric Beer's law in [13], the link attenuation h in the deep sea environment is related to the seawater attenuation coefficient c( ), the receiving aperture Dr, the transmitting divergence angle Φ, and the link distance L:…”

Section: B Frame Synchronization and Scppmmentioning

confidence: 99%

Real-Time and High-Speed Underwater Photon-Counting Communication Based on SPAD and PPM Symbol Synchronization

Huang

Dai

et al. 2021

IEEE Photonics J.

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Photon-counting detectors can increase the range of underwater optical wireless communication (UWOC) by enhancing the detection sensitivity and have thus become an active research area in recent years. However, system performance still needs to be improved in the reported underwater photon-counting communication (UPCC) experiments. In this study, a real-time, high-speed UPCC system was designed and experimentally validated based on a single-photon avalanche diode (SPAD). A reliable symbol synchronization method based on pulse-position modulation (PPM) was developed. This method achieved slot synchronization by using a narrow-pulse-width laser and a simple matched filter and realizes frame synchronization through an improved synchronization sequence. In addition, channel errors were corrected by serially concatenated convolutionally coded PPM (SCPPM), and digital signals were processed in real time based on field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs). Finally, desktop communication experiments were completed at a slot frequency of 25 MHz and a communication rate of 6.21 Mbps. The system exhibited a bit error rate (BER) of less than 10 -7 , a received optical power of only -84.3 dBm, and an efficiency of 1.35 photons per bit.

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“…Communication channel modeling method was discussed in [33]. And In [34], the long-distance underwater visual light wireless communication channel models are suggested and analyzed. They also show that the visual light communications have difficulties due to absorption and scattering.…”

Section: Proposed Underwater Handover Procedures With Zero Scannimentioning

confidence: 99%

Intelligent Handover Prediction Based on Locational Priority With Zero Scanning for the Internet of Underwater Things

Park

2020

IEEE Access

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It is becoming clear that the maritime industry is expected to see considerable growth over the coming years, and the Internet of Underwater Things (IoUT) could have an essential role to play in its technological development. In this regard, because batteries are the main power source in underwater environments, there is a clear need to minimize the consumption of energy. In addition, underwater links that make use of acoustic soundwaves can cause relatively long propagation delays. In our proposed scheme, we focus on the initial connection procedure between sensor nodes and underwater base stations to tackle these environmental problems, in which the former estimates the signal strength of the latter. From local information measured during the initial network entry phase, underwater sensor nodes determine locational priority of candidate targets, but do not scan or measure the signal strength of other neighbouring underwater base stations as a means of keeping the power consumption to an absolute minimum. This can be considered an appropriate scenario for use in severely battery-limited environments such as IoUT. Based on analysis using machine learning, we obtain meaningful clues regarding the procedure for handover prediction without channel measurement. By removing the overhead from the channel measurement, the power consumption of the underwater things can be minimized. Two different methods of deciding on handover priority are suggested and analysed mathematically. The performance of each method is evaluated through intensive system-level simulations and compared to that of a more conventional scheme.

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Channel model and performance analysis of long-range deep sea wireless photon-counting communication

Cited by 9 publications

References 32 publications

A Comprehensive Comparison and Analysis of Several Intensity Modulations Based on the Underwater Photon-Counting Communication System

A Comprehensive Comparison and Analysis of Several Intensity Modulations Based on the Underwater Photon-Counting Communication System

Real-Time and High-Speed Underwater Photon-Counting Communication Based on SPAD and PPM Symbol Synchronization

Intelligent Handover Prediction Based on Locational Priority With Zero Scanning for the Internet of Underwater Things

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