Channel Characterization and Modeling for Optical Wireless Body-Area Networks

Haddad, Oussama; Khalighi, Mohammad-Ali; Zvánovec, Stanislav; Adel, Mouloud

doi:10.1109/ojcoms.2020.2999104

Cited by 35 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…Another advantage of the OWC is the absence of small-scale fading associated with multipath. A comparative study of the specificities of the optical channel compared to the radio channel was reported in [ 22 ]. It highlighted high sensitivity to blocking effects due to the body and a slowly varying behavior of the channel with a relatively long coherence time compared to RF links.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Channel Modeling of an Optical Wireless Body Sensor Network for Walk Monitoring of Elderly

Kaba

Sahuguède

Julien-Vergonjanne

2021

Sensors

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The growing aging of the world population is leading to an aggravation of diseases, which affect the autonomy of the elderly. Wireless body sensor networks (WBSN) are part of the solutions studied for several years to monitor and prevent loss of autonomy. The use of optical wireless communications (OWC) is seen as an alternative to radio frequencies, relevant when electromagnetic interference and data security considerations are important. One of the main challenges in this context is optical channel modeling for efficiently designing high-reliability systems. We propose here a suitable optical WBSN channel model for tracking the elderly during a walk. We discuss the specificities related to the model of the body, to movements, and to the walking speed by comparing elderly and young models, taking into account the walk temporal evolution using the sliding windowing technique. We point out that, when considering a young body model, performance is either overestimated or underestimated, depending on which windowing parameter is fixed. It is, therefore, important to consider the body model of the elderly in the design of the system. To illustrate this result, we then evaluate the minimal power according to the maximal bandwidth for a given quality of service.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Channel Modeling of an Optical Wireless Body Sensor Network for Walk Monitoring of Elderly

Kaba

Sahuguède

Julien-Vergonjanne

2021

Sensors

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“…Similarly, the communication model may be affected due to the variations of the user body sizes, shape, skin texture, and flexibility. Features associated with the subject determines the quality of the signal communication [17,21]. In a very dynamic environment of a signal carrier, such as WBAN application, network designers must consider several normalized features when proposing a transmission model.…”

Section: Wban Channel Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance issues in wireless body area networks for the healthcare application: a survey and future prospects

2021

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This study presents a survey of the current issues, application areas, findings, and performance challenges in wireless body area networks (WBAN). The survey discusses selected areas in WBAN signal processing, network reliability, spectrum management, security, and WBAN integration with other technologies for highly efficient future healthcare applications. The foundation of the study bases on the recent growing advances in microelectronic technology and commercialization, which ease device availability, miniaturization, and communication. The survey considers a systemic review conducted using reports, standard documents, and peer-reviewed articles. Based on the comprehensive review, we find WBANs faces several operational, standardization, and security issues, affecting performance and maintenance of user safety and privacy. We envision the increasing dependency of future healthcare on WBAN for medical and non-medical applications due to internet connectivity advances. In this view, despite the WBAN advantages in remote health monitoring, further studies need to be conducted for performance optimization. Therefore we finalize our study by proposing various current and future research directions and open issues in WBAN’s performance enhancement.

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“…[ 9 , 24 , 25 ] discussed the use of VLC in multi-user environments. Recently, the authors in [ 26 ] characterized the intra-OBAN channels by considering the effects of mobility and shadowing that occurred as a result of body parts and realistic body movements. In another study [ 27 ], the authors have reported the effects of several parameters, e.g., source directivity, transmitted optical power, position of on-body sensors, and the number of PDs that were installed on the ceiling.…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Heuristic Approach for Optical Transceiver Placement to Optimize SNR and Illuminance Uniformities of an Optical Body Area Network

Masroor

Jeoti

Drieberg

et al. 2021

Sensors

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The bi-directional information transfer in optical body area networks (OBANs) is crucial at all the three tiers of communication, i.e., intra-, inter-, and beyond-BAN communication, which correspond to tier-I, tier-II, and tier-III, respectively. However, the provision of uninterrupted uplink (UL) and downlink (DL) connections at tier II (inter-BAN) are extremely critical, since these links serve as a bridge between tier-I (intra-BAN) and tier-III (beyond-BAN) communication. Any negligence at this level could be life-threatening; therefore, enabling quality-of-service (QoS) remains a fundamental design issue at tier-II. Consequently, to provide QoS, a key parameter is to ensure link reliability and communication quality by maintaining a nearly uniform signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) within the coverage area. Several studies have reported the effects of transceiver related parameters on OBAN link performance, nevertheless the implications of changing transmitter locations on the SNR uniformity and communication quality have not been addressed. In this work, we undertake a DL scenario and analyze how the placement of light-emitting diode (LED) lamps can improve the SNR uniformity, regardless of the receiver position. Subsequently, we show that using the principle of reciprocity (POR) and with transmitter-receiver positions switched, the analysis is also applicable to UL, provided that the optical channel remains linear. Moreover, we propose a generalized optimal placement scheme along with a heuristic design formula to achieve uniform SNR and illuminance for DL using a fixed number of transmitters and compare it with an existing technique. The study reveals that the proposed placement technique reduces the fluctuations in SNR by 54% and improves the illuminance uniformity up to 102% as compared to the traditional approach. Finally, we show that, for very low luminous intensity, the SNR values remain sufficient to maintain a minimum bit error rate (BER) of 10−9 with on-off keying non-return-to-zero (OOK-NRZ) modulation format.

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Channel Characterization and Modeling for Optical Wireless Body-Area Networks

Cited by 35 publications

References 55 publications

Channel Modeling of an Optical Wireless Body Sensor Network for Walk Monitoring of Elderly

Channel Modeling of an Optical Wireless Body Sensor Network for Walk Monitoring of Elderly

Performance issues in wireless body area networks for the healthcare application: a survey and future prospects

A Heuristic Approach for Optical Transceiver Placement to Optimize SNR and Illuminance Uniformities of an Optical Body Area Network

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