Changing Epidemiology of the Respiratory Bacteriology of Patients With Cystic Fibrosis

Iron acquisition in the cystic fibrosis lung and potential for novel therapeutic strategies

“…Pseudomonas aeruginosa is the pathogen of highest prevalence and incidence in the CF lung with 50-60% of adult CF patients colonized, followed in prevalence by Staphylococcus aureus (LiPuma, 2010). The epidemiology of CF pathogens has changed in the last decade, and in a retrospective analysis of the data reported to the CF Foundation Patient Registry in the USA, the prevalence and incidence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) had significantly increased in CF patients (Salsgiver et al, 2015). Although of much lower prevalence (v5%), Burkholderia cepacia complex (Bcc) organisms are particularly problematic in CF due to their transmissibility and in a subset of patients can lead to a fulminant pneumonia with a high mortality rate (Mahenthiralingam et al, 2005).…”

“…Haemophilus influenzae is associated with early stage CF with up to 30% of those under 5 years colonized, compared with v10% of adult CF patients (LiPuma, 2010). In addition to MRSA, other emerging pathogens in CF include Achromobacter xyloxidans, Stenotrophomonas maltophilia, non-tuberculous mycobacteria and Mycobacterium avium (Parkins & Floto, 2015;Salsgiver et al, 2015). Also represented are the genera Streptococcus, Prevotella, Rothia, Veillonella and Actinomyces (Coburn et al, 2015).…”

Cystic Fibrosis: The Dawn of a New Therapeutic Era

“…Even before the advent of universal NBS, the clinical phenotype of persons with CF had changed. Respiratory Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection has decreased over the past two decades with increased emphasis on eradication (12). Pulmonary function is known to be correlated with nutritional status and with P. aeruginosa infection (13), which may explain the mechanism of improved pulmonary function in this cohort.…”

Year in review 2016: Interstitial lung disease, pulmonary vascular disease, pulmonary function, paediatric lung disease, cystic fibrosis and sleep

“…Salsgiver et al 66 performed a retrospective analysis of changing prevalence of selective airway pathogens in patients with CF from the CF Foundation data registry between 2006 and 2012. Pseudomonas aeruginosa and methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) remain the most prevalent pathogens, although there was a decreasing incidence and prevalence of P. aeruginosa and Burkholderia cepacia complex and increasing prevalence of non-tuberculous mycobacterial (NTM) species over time.…”