Changes of Parameters of Metabolic Syndrome Under the Influence of Training Program

Abstract

Introduction: The prevalence of the metabolic syndrome has been increasing in the last years. There are tendencies to reduce it by applying the medical treatment, but also by means of a series of other measures, primarily by diet and physical activity. Many previous studies have confirmed the positive effect of physical activity on the metabolic syndrome, but the optimal intensity and volume of training have not clearly been defined yet. Methodology: Descriptive methods and theoretical analysis were used for the collection, classification, and analysis of targeted research. PUB MED and KOBBSON databases were analyzed. Total of 65 studies met all the criteria set in advance. Results and discussion: The largest number of papers was related to the effects of programmed physical exercise on blood sugar regulation. The risk of developing type 2 diabetes can be reduced by 58% and even up to 65% with the help of physical exercise. It was found that the best effect on insulin is a combination of resistance training and aerobic exercise. However, in the long run, the greater intensity aerobic training ensures long-term benefit related to the activity of the insulin compared to weight training or low intensity exercise. As regards the change in the lipid status, it has been found that the controlled, long-term, moderate to moderately strong physical activity, improves the lipid profile by raising high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and by lowering the levels of triglycerides in obese adults with the features of the metabolic syndrome.