Changes of lymphocyte subsets after local irradiation for early stage breast cancer and seminoma testis: long-term increase of activated (HLA-DR+) T cells and decrease of “naive” (CD4-CD45R) T lymphocytes

Ruysscher, Dirk De; Waer, Mark; Vandeputte, Michel; Aerts, Robina; Vantongelen, K.; Schueren, Emmanuel van der

doi:10.1016/0959-8049(92)90079-h

Cited by 51 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…However, these studies involved radiation of multiple lymph node chains. Other reports have shown that there are long-term decreases in T-cell subsets following radiation therapy, largely in the naive T-cell populations (39,40). Definitive radiation for localized prostate cancer does not involve extensive lymph node chains within standard treatment ports.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Combining a Recombinant Cancer Vaccine with Standard Definitive Radiotherapy in Patients with Localized Prostate Cancer

Gulley¹,

Arlen²,

Bastian³

et al. 2005

Clinical Cancer Research

338

250

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Purpose: Many patients with clinically localized prostate cancer develop biochemical failure despite excellent local therapy perhaps due to occult metastatic disease. One potential solution is the utilization of a well-tolerated systemic therapy (e.g., vaccine) in concert with local therapy. Experimental Design:We present a randomized phase II clinical trial designed to determine if a poxviral vaccine encoding prostate-specific antigen (PSA) can induce a PSA-specific T-cell response when combined with radiotherapy in patients with clinically localized prostate cancer. Thirty patients were randomized in a 2:1 ratio into vaccine plus radiotherapy or radiotherapyonly arms. Those patients in the combination arm received a ''priming'' vaccine with recombinant vaccinia (r V) PSA plus r V containing theT-cell costimulatory molecule B7.1 (r V-B7.1) followed by monthly booster vaccines with recombinant fowlpox PSA. The vaccines were given with local granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor andlow-dose systemicinterleukin-2. Standard external beam radiation therapy was given between the fourth and the sixth vaccinations. Results: Seventeen of 19 patients in the combination arm completed all eight vaccinations and 13 of these 17 patients had increases in PSA-specificTcells of at least 3-fold versus no detectable increases in the radiotherapy-only arm (P <0.0005).There was also evidence ofde novo generation of T cells to well-described prostate-associated antigens not found in the vaccine, providing indirect evidence of immune-mediated tumor killing. The vaccine was well tolerated. Conclusion:This vaccine regimen can be safely given in patients undergoing radiation therapy for localized prostate cancer, with the majority of patients generating a PSA-specific cellular immune response to vaccine.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Combining a Recombinant Cancer Vaccine with Standard Definitive Radiotherapy in Patients with Localized Prostate Cancer

Gulley¹,

Arlen²,

Bastian³

et al. 2005

Clinical Cancer Research

338

250

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“…31 Publications from the 1960s and 1970s noted the development of severe lymphopenia after radiation in patients with brain, breast, cervical, uterine, and lung cancers without the use of concurrent chemotherapy or glucocorticoids. 13,14,16,17,32 The radiation oncologists reporting these results expressed concerns that radiation-induced injury to the immune system could negatively affect patient outcomes, but no attempts were made to correlate posttreatment lymphopenia with survival. Nonetheless, accumulating data suggested that postradiation lymphopenia could result from the irradiation of circulating lymphocytes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Survival in Patients With Severe Lymphopenia Following Treatment With Radiation and Chemotherapy for Newly Diagnosed Solid Tumors

Grossman

Ellsworth

Campian³

et al. 2015

J Natl Compr Canc Netw

250

191

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Background The immune system plays an important role in cancer surveillance and therapy. Chemoradiation can cause severe treatment-related lymphopenia (TRL) (<500 cells/mm3) that is associated with reduced survival. Materials and Methods Data from 4 independent solid tumor studies on serial lymphocyte counts, prognostic factors, treatment, and survival were collected and analyzed. The data set included 297 patients with newly diagnosed malignant glioma (N=96), resected pancreatic cancer (N=53), unresectable pancreatic cancer (N=101), and non–small cell lung cancer (N=47). Results Pretreatment lymphocyte counts were normal in 83% of the patient population, and no patient had severe baseline lymphopenia. Two months after initiating chemoradiation, 43% developed severe and persistent lymphopenia (P=.001). An increased risk for death was attributable to TRL in each cancer cohort (gliomas: hazard rate [HR], 1.8; 95% CI, 1.13–2.87; resected pancreas: HR, 2.2; 95% CI, 1.17–4.12; unresected pancreas: HR, 2.9; 95% CI, 1.53–5.42; and lung: HR, 1.7; 95% CI, 0.8–3.61) and in the entire study population regardless of pathologic findings (HR, 2.1; 95% CI, 1.54–2.78; P<.0001). Severe TRL was observed in more than 40% of patients 2 months after initiating chemoradiation, regardless of histology or chemotherapy regimen, and was independently associated with shorter survival from tumor progression. Conclusions Increased attention and research should be focused on the cause, prevention, and reversal of this unintended consequence of cancer treatment that seems to be related to survival in patients with solid tumors.

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“…CD4 cells have been shown to decrease during radiation treatment of breast [32] and lung cancer. [33] This may be expected to enhance the effect of HIV on CD4 cells but has not been reported to affect the incidence of infection in HIVinfected patients treated by irradiation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of HIV infection on the surgical, chemo- and radiotherapy management of breast cancer. A prospective cohort study

Phakathi

Basson

Karusseit

et al. 2016

International Journal of Surgery

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Changes of lymphocyte subsets after local irradiation for early stage breast cancer and seminoma testis: long-term increase of activated (HLA-DR+) T cells and decrease of “naive” (CD4-CD45R) T lymphocytes

Cited by 51 publications

References 24 publications

Combining a Recombinant Cancer Vaccine with Standard Definitive Radiotherapy in Patients with Localized Prostate Cancer

Combining a Recombinant Cancer Vaccine with Standard Definitive Radiotherapy in Patients with Localized Prostate Cancer

Survival in Patients With Severe Lymphopenia Following Treatment With Radiation and Chemotherapy for Newly Diagnosed Solid Tumors

The effect of HIV infection on the surgical, chemo- and radiotherapy management of breast cancer. A prospective cohort study

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