Changes in visual function following optical treatment of astigmatism-related amblyopia

Harvey, Erin M.; Dobson, Velma; Miller, Joseph M.; Clifford-Donaldson, Candice E.

doi:10.1016/j.visres.2007.12.007

Cited by 31 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…However, if most of the infants and toddlers in the astigmatic group had hyperopic astigmatism, which is suggested by cycloplegic refraction of a subset of the children, then the finding of reduced acuity for both V and H gratings is consistent with data from hyperopic astigmatic children three years of age and older in this population 3,8. Preliminary data from these older children suggest that, when uncorrected, young hyperopic astigmats may accommodate between the two astigmatic focal planes,24 rendering both orientations out of focus during development.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 67%

“…One explanation for the failure to find MA in infants and toddlers is that MA does not develop at these young ages. Another explanation, however, is that most astigmatic children in our sample were probably hyperopic astigmats, a condition that is not likely to result in MA in children in this population 3,8. It is also possible that, while MA is not found in children younger than three years of age, astigmatism during this age range may lead to later development of MA.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 79%

“…In studies of astigmatic preschool and school-aged children, myopic and mixed with-the-rule (WTR) astigmats showed the traditional pattern of MA, with better best-corrected acuity for vertical (V) than for horizontal (H) gratings. However, hyperopic WTR astigmats showed below normal best-corrected acuity for both V and H stimuli, without MA 3,6,8…”

mentioning

confidence: 93%

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Amblyopia in Astigmatic Infants and Toddlers

Dobson¹,

Harvey²,

Clifford-Donaldson

et al. 2010

Optometry and Vision Science

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Purpose To determine if reduced astigmatism-corrected acuity for vertical (V) and/or horizontal (H) gratings and/or meridional amblyopia (MA) are present prior to age three years in children who have with-the-rule astigmatism. Methods Subjects were 448 children, 6 months through 2 years of age with no known ocular abnormalities other than with-the-rule astigmatism, who were recruited through Women, Infants and Children clinics on the Tohono O’odham reservation. Children were classified as non-astigmats (≤ 2.00 D) or astigmats (> 2.00 D) based on right eye (RE) non-cycloplegic autorefraction measurements (Welch Allyn SureSight). RE astigmatism-corrected grating acuity for V and H stimuli was measured using the Teller Acuity Card procedure while children wore cross-cylinder lenses to correct their astigmatism or plano lenses if they had no astigmatism. Results Astigmatism-corrected acuity for both V and H gratings was significantly poorer in the astigmats than in the non-astigmats, and the reduction in acuity for astigmats was present for children in all three age groups examined (6 months to <1 year, 1 to <2 years, 2 to <3 years). There was no significant difference in V-H grating acuity (no evidence of MA) for the astigmatic group as a whole, or when data were analyzed for each age group. Conclusions Even in the youngest age group, astigmats tested with astigmatism correction showed reduced acuity for both V and H gratings, which suggests that astigmatism is having a negative influence on visual development. We found no evidence of orientation-related differences in astigmatism-corrected grating acuity, indicating either that MA does not develop prior to age 3 years, or that most of the astigmatic children had a type of astigmatism, i.e., hyperopic, that has proven to be less likely than myopic or mixed astigmatism to result in MA.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 67%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 79%

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Amblyopia in Astigmatic Infants and Toddlers

Dobson¹,

Harvey²,

Clifford-Donaldson

et al. 2010

Optometry and Vision Science

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“…Although many components of spatial vision can be modulated by amblyopia therapy, including contrast sensitivity 3,4 and positional acuity, 5 visual acuity assessed by letter optotypes remains the principal means of monitoring change. There is, however, little information on how binocular vision changes during amblyopia therapy.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of amblyopia treatment on stereoacuity

Stewart

Wallace

Stephens

et al. 2013

Journal of American Association for Pediatric Ophthalmology and

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“…While it is clear that optical treatment provides a significant benefit, some researches also demonstrated that there may be limits to plasticity related to optical correction of astigmatism-related amblyopia since astigmatic subjects did not attain normal levels of visual function. [8][9] Duration of correction and the age of first correction also are reported to influence the visual acuity outcome, 5,9-12 in our study the age when the visual defect was detected (p=0.16) and the duration of treatment (p=0.48) were not significantly different between the defined refractive groups (<4 D, 4-7 D, >7 D). Similarly the age when the visual defect was detected (p=0.16) and the duration of treatment (p=0.85) were not significantly different between patient groups defined according to the composed spherical equivalent and astigmatism.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 48%

Effects of different types of refractive errors on bilateral amblyopia

Yorgun

Yülek²,

Uğurlu³

et al. 2012

J Clin Exp Invest

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ÖZETAmaç: Bilateral ambliyopi olan hastalarda farklı tiplerdeki refraktif kusurun görme keskinliği ve stereopsis üzerine olan etkilerinin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Bulgular: > 4 D hipermetropisi olan hastalarda başlangıç EDGK belirgin olarak düşük bulunmuştur (p=0,028) ancak gözlük tedavisi sonrası ölçülen sonuç EDGK değer-leri farkı istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bulunmadı (p=0.235). Astigmatizm değerlerine göre sınıflanan gruplarda (<2 D, 2-4 D, 4-6D astigmatizm) başlangıç EDGK değerleri farklı değilken sonuç EDKG ölçümleri 4-6D astigmatizm olanlarda ve 2-4 D astigmatizm olanlara göre anlamlı olarak düşük bulundu (p=0,001). Refraktif kusur derecesine göre karşılaştırıldığında yalnızca ilk EDGK değerleri 1. grupta 2. gruba göre anlamlı derecede düşük bulundu (p=0,015).Sonuç: Yüksek derecede hipermetropisi olan hastalarda ilk ölçülen EDGK değerleri düşük olsa da hastaların göz-lük tedavisine olan cevapları iyidir. Ancak yüksek derecede astigmatizm olanlarda bu cevap sınırlıdır. Results: The initial binocular BCVA levels were significantly lower in patients with > 4 D of hypermetropia (p=0.028), without correction after treatment (p=0.235). The initial binocular BCVA was not different between astigmatism groups, but final BCVA levels were significantly lower in 4-6D of astigmatism compared with 2-4 D of astigmatism (p=0.001). During comparison of composed refractive errors, only the initial binocular BCVA was significantly lower in group I compared to group II (p=0.015). The final binocular BCVA levels were not different between groups I and III (p>0.05). Conclusions:Although the initial BCVA is lower in patients with higher levels of hypermetropia, the response of patients to treatment with glasses is good. The response of patients with high levels of astigmatism seems to be limited. J Clin Exp Invest 2012; 3(4): 467-471

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Changes in visual function following optical treatment of astigmatism-related amblyopia

Cited by 31 publications

References 37 publications

Amblyopia in Astigmatic Infants and Toddlers

Amblyopia in Astigmatic Infants and Toddlers

The effect of amblyopia treatment on stereoacuity

Effects of different types of refractive errors on bilateral amblyopia

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