The average RNFL thickness in the migraine patients was found to be thinner than that in the control group. In addition, we found a negative weak correlation between length of migraine history and the average RNFL thickness, supporting the possible association between these pathologies.

Objective Endothelial dysfunction plays an important role in the development of diabetic retinopathy. The aim of this study was to evaluate endothelial dysfunction using different approaches in patients with type 1 diabete mellitus with early stages of diabetic retinopathy. For this purpose, we investigated the serum levels of cellular adhesion molecules, including intercellular adhesion molecule (ICAM-1), vascular cell adhesion molecule (VCAM-1) and endothelin-1 (ET-1), which have emerged as specific markers of endothelial dysfunction, and measured the flow-mediated dilatation (FMD), a noninvasive technique used to evaluate endothelial dysfunction. Methods The study group included 59 patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM) and 30 age-matched healthy control subjects. The diabetic patients were divided into two groups according to the ophthalmoscopic findings: Group 1, composed of type 1 diabetic patients having no signs of diabetic retinopathy (DRP), and Group 2, composed of type 1 diabetic patients having findings of the early stages of nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR). Results The serum levels of ET-1 (fmol/mL), ICAM-1 (ng/mL) and VCAM-1 (ng/mL) were 8.52±0.699 vs. 478.39±46.22 vs. 728.64±35.081 in the patients without retinopathy, 8.91±1.354 vs. 451.79±48.262 vs. 863.59±62.37 in the diabetic patients with NPDR and 10.73±1.04 vs. 608.15±74.92 vs. 872.95±57.63 in the control group. There were no significant differences in the serum levels of the three molecules between the groups. The FMD values were 6.51±0.46% in the diabetic patients without retinopathy, 6.66±0.29% in the diabetic patients with NPDR and 6.68±0.51% in the control group. No significant differences were found between the groups. Conclusion The early stages of diabetic retinopathy cannot be considered in the evaluation of systemic markers of endothelial dysfunction.

Our study results suggest that acromegaly is associated with increased ocular pressures irrespective of disease activity. Therefore detailed ocular evaluation should be a routine component of the follow up visits of acromegaly patients.

ÖzetAmaç: Primer pterijium cerrahisinden sonra nükslerin engellenmesi için int- Application of 0.02% mitomycin C for 5 minutes seems to be more effective than 5-FU for prevention of recurrence. A larger study population is needed to substantiate this result.

Objective: Endothelial dysfunction (ED) plays an important role in the pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy. The purpose of the study was to determine flow mediated endothelial dependent vasodilatation (FMD) measurements and serum soluble (s) endothelin-1 (ET-1), intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) and vascular cell adhesion molecule (VCAM-1) levels in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) with or without increased urinary albumin excretion (UAE) and compare them with the healthy controls. Subjects and methods: Seventy three patients with T1DM were enrolled. Patients were divided into two subgroups according to microalbumin measurements in 24-hr urine collections. The diabetic patients without microalbuminuria (41 patients) were defined as Group I and those with microalbuminuria (32 patients) were defined as group II. A hundred age and sex matched healthy subjects participated as the control group (Group III). Serum sET-1, sICAM-1, sVCAM-1 levels and FMD measurements were determined in all participants. Results: Median FMD measurement was significantly lower in the diabetic groups compared with the control group (6.6, 6.4 and 7.8% in Group I, II and III, respectively) (p < 0.05). FMD was negatively correlated with age (p = 0.042). Median serum sICAM-1 level was higher in the patient groups compared to the control group (p < 0.05). Median serum sVCAM-1 level was higher in the group of patients with increased albuminuria compared to the normoalbuinuric and the control group (p < 0.05). Serum sVCAM-1 level was found to be positively correlated with degree of urinary albumin excretion (p < 0.001). Conclusion: We assume that sVCAM-1 may be used as a predictive marker for risk stratification for nephropathy development and progression. Arch Endocrinol Metab. 2016;60(2):117-24

Purpose: The aim of the study was to determine aqueous humor and serum levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in diabetic patients with and without retinopathy. Methods: The study included diabetic patients with or without retinopathy, who had an indication for cataract surgery. The study groups were diabetic patients without retinopathy (Group 2), with nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy (Group 3), and with proliferative retinopathy (Group 4). To quantitatively determine the amount of BDNF in samples, the RayBio Human BDNF ELISA kit (Norcross, GA), based on an enzyme-labeled immunosorbent assay was used. Results: The median serum BDNF levels were significantly lower in all the study groups than in the control group (P values: 0.038 Group 2, 0.02 Group 3, and 0.002 Group 4). Serum BDNF was lower in Group 4 than in Group 3 (P = 0.030), and in Group 3 than in Group 2 (P = 0.04). The median aqueous humor BDNF levels were significantly decreased in all groups (P values: 0.047 Group 2, 0.021 Group 3, and 0.007 Group 4). There was no significant difference between Groups 2, 3, and 4 (P = 0.214). Conclusion: The serum and aqueous humor BDNF levels decreased in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) before the emergence of clinical signs of retinopathy.

The results of the present study show that there is a significant increase in oxidative stress in AMD patients and significant decrease in antioxidant defence, in the total thiol level and in PON1 activity in AMD patients compared with controls. The increased oxidative stress and decreased antioxidant levels may have a synergistic role in AMD development.

CCT, CV, CH, CRF, IOPg, and IOP with Goldmann applanation tonometry were significantly higher in acromegalic eyes. These corneal topographic and biomechanical properties, disease duration, and disease status should be considered when planning corneal refractive surgery and determining accurate intraocular pressure in patients with acromegaly.