Changes in urinary bisphenol A concentrations associated with placement of dental composite restorations in children and adolescents

Abstract

Background BisGMA-based dental composites may release bisphenol A (BPA). Our purpose was to assess changes in urinary BPA concentrations over 6-months follow-up in children and adolescents receiving bisGMA-based restorations. Methods We collected urine and interviewed parents/guardians for BPA-related exposure information before and approximately one-day, 14-days, and 6-months post-treatment among 91 participants aged 3–17 years needing composite restorations. We used multivariable linear regression models to test associations between number of surface-restorations placed and changes in urinary BPA concentrations. Results Participants had on average 1.4 (sd=1.0) surfaces filled with composite at the first treatment visit and a cumulative 2.3 (sd=1.6) surfaces filled during the study. Mean change in BPA between pretreatment and next-day was 1.71 ng/mL (sd=9.94) overall and 0.87 (sd=5.98) after excluding one participant with 8 surfaces filled at the visit. Overall, a greater number of composite surface-restorations placed was associated with higher BPA in the next-day sample (posterior-occlusal eβ=1.47, 95% CI 1.18–1.83; P<0.001), but this was attenuated after restricting to the 88 participants with ≤4 fillings (eβ=1.19, 95% CI 0.86, 1.64), and no association was observed using 14-day (eβ=0.94, 95% CI 0.75–1.18) or 6- month (eβ=0.88, 95% CI 0.74–1.04) samples. Conclusions Placement of bisGMA-based restorations in children and adolescents may produce transient increases in urinary BPA concentration, which are no longer detectable approximately 14-days or 6-months post-treatment in urine samples. When few restorations are placed, increases in urinary BPA concentrations may not be detectable owing to high inter-individual variation in BPA exposure. Practical Implications These results suggest that leaching of BPA from newly placed composites ceases being detectable in urine within 2 weeks of restoration placement. The potential human health impact of such short-term exposure remains uncertain.

Patterns, Variability, and Predictors of Urinary Bisphenol A Concentrations during Childhood

“…48 However, recent work shows that newly placed composite restorations were not associated with elevated urinary BPA concentrations in children's urine samples 2 weeks to 6 months after restoration placement, suggesting these composites might not be a source of chronic BPA exposure. 49 Handling cash register receipts in the last 24 hours was associated with higher BPA concentrations in our study. Handling printed receipts may result in BPA exposure from dermal absorption in the skin as well as ingestion via hand-to-mouth transfer.…”

Phenol Concentrations During Childhood and Subsequent Measures of Adiposity Among Young Girls

“…Results from previous studies of childhood BPA exposures are mixed. Cross-sectional studies have found positive (42–45) and null (33, 45) associations, as well as sex- and age-specific associations (46), while prospective studies have found mostly null associations (45, 47, 48). Though our findings are consistent with those of other prospective studies, urinary concentrations of BPA were low in our study population (as well as others (45)), and we may have lacked adequate variation or power to detect associations among girls with higher exposures.…”

Bisphenol A Release: Survey of the Composition of Dental Composite Resins

“…Recently, Maserejian et al . [ 22 ] in 2016 showed that placement of bis-GMA-based restorations in children and adolescents may temporarily increase BPA concentration in urine, but no longer detectable 14 days or 6 months after treatment. Second, BPA may have greater effects at low than high doses.…”