Changes in the Position of the Geocentre due to Seasonal Variations in Air Mass and Ground Water

Stolz, A.

doi:10.1111/j.1365-246x.1976.tb00272.x

Cited by 9 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Since satellites orbit CM and because geodetic stations are located on the surface of the solid Earth, the feasibility of determining geocenter motion using satellite tracking has long been recognized (Stolz, 1976;Vigue et al, 1992). However, the small amplitude of the geocenter motion, the noise in observational data sets, and uncertainties in background models make such a determination very demanding.…”

Section: Translational Approachesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This unique, very long-wavelength component is important (critically so in many cases) for understanding global mass redistribution processes such as sea level rise, atmospheric and ocean circulation, present-day ice mass imbalance, continental hydrology, ocean tides, glacial isostatic adjustment (GIA), and geodynamic processes of the Earth's core and mantle (e.g., Stolz, 1976;Trupin et al, 1992;Dong et al, 1997;Greff-Lefftz andLegros, 1997, 2007;Watkins and Eanes, 1997;Chen et al, 1999;Blewitt et al, 2001;Wu et al, 2002;Blewitt and Clarke, 2003;Chambers et al, 2004;Klemann and Martinec, 2009;Greff-Lefftz et al, 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In reality, actual measurements of such small motions are very challenging due to the stringent consistency and accuracy requirements that must be provided by the tracking data themselves and the kinematic/dynamic modeling of the geodetic systems. In fact, measuring geocenter motion is at the forefront of high-precision global geodetic endeavors and has become a robust performance indicator for various geodetic techniques (Stolz, 1976;Vigue et al, 1992;Eanes et al, 1997;Watkins and Eanes, 1997;Pavlis, 1999;Bouille et al, 2000;Cretaux et al, 2002;Moore and Wang, 2003;Collilieux et al, 2009;Kang et al, 2009;Cheng et al, 2010;Rebischung and Garayt, 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Geocenter motion and its geodetic and geophysical implications

Ray

Dam

2012

Journal of Geodynamics

121

117

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a b s t r a c tThe horizontal transport of water in Earth's surface layer, including sea level change, deglaciation, and surface runoff, is a manifestation of many geophysical processes. These processes entail ocean and atmosphere circulation and tidal attraction, global climate change, and the hydrological cycle, all having a broad range of spatiotemporal scales. The largest atmospheric mass variations occur mostly at synoptic wavelengths and at seasonal time scales. The longest wavelength component of surface mass transport, the spherical harmonic degree-1, involves the exchange of mass between the northern and southern hemispheres. These degree-1 mass loads deform the solid Earth, including its surface, and induce geocenter motion between the center-of-mass of the total Earth system (CM) and the center-of-figure (CF) of the solid Earth surface. Because geocenter motion also depends on the mechanical properties of the solid Earth, monitoring geocenter motion thus provides an additional opportunity to probe deep into Earth's interior. Most modern geodetic measurement systems rely on tracking data between ground stations and satellites that orbit around CM. Consequently, geocenter motion is intimately related to the realization of the International Terrestrial Reference Frame (ITRF) origin, and, in various ways, affects many of our measurement objectives for global change monitoring. In the last 15 years, there have been vast improvements in geophysical fluid modeling and in the global coverage, densification, and accuracy of geodetic observations. As a result of these developments, tremendous progress has been made in the study of geocenter motion over the same period. This paper reviews both the theoretical and measurement aspects of geocenter motion and its implications.

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Section: Translational Approachesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Geocenter motion and its geodetic and geophysical implications

Ray

Dam

2012

Journal of Geodynamics

121

117

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“…The seasonal variations that include the biannual and annual fluctuations are the main part in GCM, which may be principally derived from the mass redistribution of atmosphere, ocean and continental water [2,5,9,10,26,27] . Seasonal variations are obviously all shown in the FT and wavelet analysis in the paper.…”

Section: Analysis On Gcm Variations With Fourier and Wavelet Transformmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis on motion of Earth’s center of mass observed with CHAMP mission

Guo

Han

Hwang

2008

Sci. China Ser. G-Phys. Mech. Astron.

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Geocenter motion (GCM) is one important topic for constructing and maintaining the terrestrial reference frame and its applications. GCM is studied from CHAMPwith the multi-step approach in this paper. Geometric orbits of CHAMP in 2001-2006 are precisely determined with the kinematic method only from the satellite-borne GPS zero-difference data. Then a GCM time series is estimated from the precise kinematic orbits based on the theory of satellite dynamics to fit the CHAMP's real geometric orbits. We compare the series with the geocenter series used in ITRF2005. Then the GCM series are analyzed with Fourier transform and wavelet transformation. The mean motions within 6 years in TX, TY and TZ directions are respectively 0.8 mm, 2.2 mm, and 7.9 mm. The trends of GCM in the three directions are 0.495 mm/a, −0.004 mm/a, and 1.309 mm/a, respectively. The long-term movement (2001-2006) indicates that the crustal figure is changing. The seasonal variations are the main component which may be excitated by the mass redistribution of Earth's fluid layer, e.g. ocean, atmosphere and continental water. The inter-annual variations are also found in the GCM series measured with CHAMP.

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“…These data, which were compiled from Napier Shaw's work, are quite old and are only given as far as 40øS latitude where, by the form of the integrals which have to be evaluated, we expect a maximum effect. An error of sign was made by Stolz [1976a] when allowing for the response of the oceans to the atmospheric pressure changes. Stolz [1976a] also does not elaborate on the nature of the calculated motion.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seasonal displacement and deformation of the Earth by the atmosphere

Stolz¹,

Larden²

1979

J. Geophys. Res.

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Mass transports on the surface impart a space motion to the earth. The shift induced by seasonal atmospheric pressure variations is calculated. The magnitude of the displacement is approximately 1.61 cos [(sun -9 ø)]1 mm where (sun) is the sun's longitude measured from the beginning of the year. The motion is thus too small to be detected at present. Deformations of a model earth caused by atmospheric loading are estimated. The seasonal distortions over parts of Asia and Greenland approach the l cm measuring goal of the new laser ranging techniques and exceed it over the Antarctic continent. They are not generally significant in other parts of the globe. The results are depicted in contour form on world maps for each of the four seasons. Pilot studies for the effect on the location of the geocenter of seasonal variations in air-mass, groundwater, and sea-level were carried out by Stolz [1976a, b]. The composite shift amounts to only a few millimeters, which is somewhat below the accuracy objective of the above-mentioned new techniques. The problem bothered Schumann [1903] early this century. Giving the newly discovered Kimura term as possible evidence, Schumann [1903] investigated whether a 5-m geocenter displacement, caused by periodic or secular mass transports on the crust, could be detected from the then existing complex of latitude observatories. His conclusion was that the network geometry was not sensitive enough to resolve the shift. The Kimura term was again taken as likely evidence for geocenter motion by Munk and MacDonald [1960] and by Sugawa et al. [1973]. Initial estimates for the component of the term attributable to a shift of the geocenter were made by Paper number 9B0154.

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Changes in the Position of the Geocentre due to Seasonal Variations in Air Mass and Ground Water

Cited by 9 publications

References 6 publications

Geocenter motion and its geodetic and geophysical implications

Geocenter motion and its geodetic and geophysical implications

Analysis on motion of Earth’s center of mass observed with CHAMP mission

Seasonal displacement and deformation of the Earth by the atmosphere

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