Changes in the Biological Effects of Gamma Irradiation with Gibberellic Acid in M2 Generation of Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.)

Abstract

Seeds of 250 plants from M 1 generation of three chickpea genotypes viz, Noor 91 (white), Punjab 91 (brown) and C 141 (black) at 40, 50 and 60 Kr separately and with gibberellic acid (GA 3) along with control were grown to raise the M 2 generation. The effects on 100-seed weight, grain yield, biological yield, harvest index, days to flowering and maturity in M 2 generation were highly significant (p<0.01) within genotypes, treatments and also for their interaction. Statistically significant increase in 100-seed weight was observed with the combine treatment at 40 Kr while it was decreased at 60 Kr as compared with gamma irradiation. Grain yield was significantly increased with gamma irradiation however, stimulation was recorded with the application of GA 3. Biological yield was decreased while, harvest index was increased with both types of treatments. However, more harvest index was recorded with combine treatment. Days to flowering were increased at 40 and 60 Kr with gamma irradiation while, decreased at 40 and 50 Kr with the combine treatment. Days to maturity were decreased with both the treatments.

Effects of Gamma Irradiation on Seeds Germination, Plantlets Growth and In vitro Antimalarial Activities of Phyllanthus odontadenius Müll Arg

“…The effects of size and collar diameter have been reported previously by [58] on the primary and mutagenic effects of gamma irradiation on A. thaliana seeds. These observations confirm the theory that the first generation generally have a higher rate of heritable traits than the following for which the expression of these traits results from genetic and external conditions [59,30,57].…”

“…Parameters of P. odontadenius plant transferred in situ showed high average values of height, number of seeds per plant, collar diameter and biomass average for plants from irradiated seeds indiscriminately compared to control plants. Many authors agree that observed characteristics are also dependent on environmental factors [30,57] because the phenotype is the sum of factors genetic and environmental.…”

“…After 2 months, M1 plantlets from Petri dishes were transferred to tubes containing MS basal media with 3% sucrose, without growth regulators supplemented with 0.8% agar for In vitro culture or in polyethylene bags containing 300 g of soil for in situ growth (Chaves, 2006). Bags were then buried in 3/4 in the ground in randomized complete block (RCB) design with 3 replications [28][29][30][31]. The plantlets placed in situ were watered three times a week, the odd days, with the same amount of water (20L per plot 5 dm/6dm).…”

Response of Evening Primrose (Oenothera genus) to Induced Mutations by Gamma Irradiation

“…Gamma radiation enhanced agronomic characteristics through the second mutagenic generation contingent to the used doses of radiation. Similar results were found by Khan et al (2005) who stated that 600 Gy gave the highest yield of Pisum sativum L. whereas, Mudibu et al, 2010 showed that gamma mutagen dose at 200 Gy provide a significant increase of Glycine max L. yield. While, El-Degwy (2013) stated that M1 and M2 generations were influenced by gamma radiation in most traits except the weight of 1000-grain.…”

Response of Sorghum vulgare L. Cultivars to Gamma Irradiation, a Preliminary Approach

“…It has been reported that gamma rays can affect seed germination, morphology, anatomy, and physicochemical characteristics of plants, depending on irradiation level (Maamoun et al, 2014). The inhibitory nature of gamma rays is confirmed by many authors while studying on maize, sorghum, abelmoschus, pinus and cicer plants (Irfaq & Nawab, 2001;Kumar & Mishra 2004;Thapa, 2004;Khan et al, 2005;Larik et al, 2009;Marcu et al, 2013;Ambavane et al, 2015;Wanga et al, 2020). On the contrary, improvement in seed germination by gamma radiation was also observed in plants like Tectona grandis, Acacia leucophloea, Albizia lebbeck, Ziziphus mauritiana, Pterocarpus santalinus and Terminalia arjuna (Selvaraju & Raja, 2001;Akshatha & Chandrashekar, 2013;Akshatha et al, 2013;Zanzibar & Sudrajat, 2016).…”