Changes in the anatomical structure of tree rings of the rootstock and scion in the heterografts of Siberian pine

Darikova, Yulia A.; Ваганов, Е. А.; Кузнецова, Г. В.; Grachev, Alexi M.

doi:10.1007/s00468-013-0909-6

Cited by 13 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…However, comparison of HIGH and MID sites showed the same range of tracheid radial sizes and no correlations between their chronologies, which could be due to the physiological requirements for minimum hydraulic conductivity of earlywood tracheids and in general due to species-specific genetic requirements for the wood structure. These requirements were observed, for example, in a comparison of heterodrafts wood anatomy with Pinus sibirica scions and Pinus sylvestris rootstocks, which minimized differences in external influences and hormonal control, thereby highlighting species-specific genetics (Darikova et al, 2013).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Siberian spruce tree ring anatomy: imprint of development processes and their high-temporal environmental regulation

et al. 2019

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Due to its advantages in terms of much longer cover period and less demanding measurements, wood anatomy of Picea obovata Ledeb. was offered as spatiotemporal proxy record for tracheid differentiation kinetics. In this study, external and internal regulation of earlywood-to-latewood transition and properties of latewood were considered. The values and interrelations between cell number, tree ring width, maximal and mean radial cell diameter, maximal cell wall thickness and position of the transition to thick-walled tracheids were investigated within site and along the altitudinal gradient. Correlations with moving 21-day climatic series were used to estimate high-resolutional external influences. Relationships between tree ring traits are spatially stable and close within one stage of differentiation and between cells production and expansion. Relationships between sites differ in upper and lower parts of the gradient. Most of traits respond to the primary limiting factors near summer solstice; however, maximal cell wall thickness responds positively to the temperatures at the +10°C threshold. Altitudinal anatomical patterns revealed interaction of intrinsic and external factors in the regulation of tracheid differentiation. Timing of climatic response highlighted role of photoperiod as a trigger in the earlywood-to-latewood transition, and crucial role of the growth season ending for latewood development.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Siberian spruce tree ring anatomy: imprint of development processes and their high-temporal environmental regulation

et al. 2019

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“…Changes in vascular anatomy were evident in grafts of apple ( Malus domestica Borkh. and sweet cherry ( Prunus avium L.) onto dwarfing rootstocks ( Soumelidou et al, 1994 ; Olmstead et al, 2006 ) and even in compatible graft unions among Pinus species ( Darikova et al, 2013 ). A commonly observed disturbance is a convolution of the vascular elements orientation ( Soumelidou et al, 1994 ; Flaishman et al, 2008 ; Kawaguchi et al, 2008 ).…”

Section: Graft Compatibility and Incompatibilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Plant grafting: new mechanisms, evolutionary implications

2014

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Grafting, an old plant propagation practice, is still widely used with fruit trees and in recent decades also with vegetables. Taxonomic proximity is a general prerequisite for successful graft-take and long-term survival of the grafted, composite plant. However, the mechanisms underlying interspecific graft incompatibility are as yet insufficiently understood. Hormonal signals, auxin in particular, are believed to play an important role in the wound healing and vascular regeneration within the graft union zone. Incomplete and convoluted vascular connections impede the vital upward and downward whole plant transfer routes. Long-distance protein, mRNA and small RNA graft-transmissible signals currently emerge as novel mechanisms which regulate nutritional and developmental root/top relations and may play a pivotal role in grafting physiology. Grafting also has significant pathogenic projections. On one hand, stock to scion mechanical contact enables the spread of diseases, even without a complete graft union. But, on the other hand, grafting onto resistant rootstocks serves as a principal tool in the management of fruit tree plagues and vegetable soil-borne diseases. The ‘graft hybrid’ historic controversy has not yet been resolved. Recent evidence suggests that epigenetic modification of DNA-methylation patterns may account for certain graft-transformation phenomena. Root grafting is a wide spread natural phenomenon; both intraspecific and interspecific root grafts have been recorded. Root grafts have an evolutionary role in the survival of storm-hit forest stands as well as in the spread of devastating diseases. A more fundamental evolutionary role is hinted by recent findings that demonstrate plastid and nuclear genome transfer between distinct Nicotiana species in the graft union zone, within a tissue culture system. This has led to the formation of alloploid cells that, under laboratory conditions, gave rise to a novel, alloploid Nicotiana species, indicating that natural grafts may play a role in plant speciation, under certain circumstances.

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“…However, the need to study the anatomy of the rootstock and scion that are used is neglected, so the failure is attributed to the aforementioned factors. Darikova et al [24] observed anatomical changes in the growth rings of 45-to 47-year-old grafts of P. sibirica Du Tour and P. sylvestris L., scion and stock respectively. Their interaction influences the diameter of the tracheids, the area of the lumen, the thickness and area of the cell wall and the production of cells in the growth rings, which modifies the distribution of growth regulators through the graft union.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anatomy of Rootstocks and Scions in Four Pine Species

Slc¹,

Av²,

Jl³

2017

Forest Res

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When performing grafts, it is thought that by using plants of the same species the engraftment rate will be high; when the above is not fulfilled, the grafter, type of graft or the origin of the scions is blamed, but the anatomy of the parts forming the graft is not considered. The aim of this study was to evaluate the anatomy of four pine species used as rootstock and scion to define which species to use as rootstock based on cambium shape and bark thickness. Before grafting, 2-cm stem fractions were cut from plants that were used as rootstocks and scions. The evaluated species were Pinus patula, P. greggii, P. leiophylla and P. teocote. Cuts of 10 μm in thickness were made to determine bark and xylem thickness. Photographs were also taken with a photomicroscope to observe the "shape" of the vascular cambium. The experimental design was completely randomized with a 4x2 factorial arrangement, using 12 measurements as the sample size with four replicates. P. patula had greater bark thickness, while P. leiophylla obtained the greatest xylem thickness. In the images of the anatomical cuts, it was determined that the vascular cambium is continuous for all the species both in rootstock and in scions, but it is only circular in the P. teocote and P. leiophylla rootstocks, and the P. leiophylla scions did not present this feature. Based on the anatomy of the cambium, P. greggii, P. patula and P. teocote scions have greater possibilities of engraftment if they are grafted onto P. teocote and P. leiophylla because the cambium is circular. Tissue anatomy is one of the areas that must be known before making grafts in order to make appropriate decisions regarding the materials to be used.

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Changes in the anatomical structure of tree rings of the rootstock and scion in the heterografts of Siberian pine

Cited by 13 publications

References 31 publications

Siberian spruce tree ring anatomy: imprint of development processes and their high-temporal environmental regulation

Siberian spruce tree ring anatomy: imprint of development processes and their high-temporal environmental regulation

Plant grafting: new mechanisms, evolutionary implications

Anatomy of Rootstocks and Scions in Four Pine Species

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