Siberian spruce tree ring anatomy: imprint of development processes and their high-temporal environmental regulation

Babushkina, Еlena А.; Belokopytova, Liliana V.; Zhirnova, Dina F.; Vaganov, Еugene А.

doi:10.1016/j.dendro.2018.12.003

Cited by 17 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 93 publications

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“…VSM relates environmental factors to daily cambial growth rates using a piecewise linear function Vaganov et al. (2011) to simulate annual ring widths and associated daily and cellular‐scale outputs that can be compared with finer‐scale characteristics of the annual ring (E. A. Babushkina et al., 2019; H. C. Fritts et al., 1991; Vaganov et al., 2006, 2011). The model calculates a daily relative growth rate (from 0 to 1, dimensionless) for temperature and soil moisture (itself a modeled function of precipitation, snowmelt, evapotranspiration, and soil drainage) and a minimization function causes cellular growth and division to be controlled by the most limiting environmental factor scaled by daylength.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intra‐Annual Climate Anomalies in Northwestern North America Following the 1783–1784 CE Laki Eruption

et al. 2021

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The 1783–1784 CE Laki eruption in Iceland was one of the largest, in terms of the mass of SO2 emitted, high‐latitude eruptions in the last millennium, but the seasonal and regional climate response was heterogeneous in space and time. Although the eruption did not begin until early June, tree‐ring maximum latewood density (MXD) reconstructions from Alaska suggest that the entire 1783 summer was extraordinarily cold. We use high‐resolution quantitative wood anatomy, climate model simulations, and proxy systems modeling to resolve the intra‐annual climate effects of the Laki eruption on temperatures over northwestern North America. We measured wood anatomical characteristics of white spruce (Picea glauca) trees from two northern Alaska sites. Earlywood cell characteristics of the 1783 ring are normal, while latewood cell wall thickness is significantly and anomalously reduced compared to non‐eruption years. Combined with complementary evidence from climate model experiments and proxy systems modeling, these features indicate an abrupt and premature cessation of cell wall thickening due to a rapid temperature decrease toward the end of the growing season. Reconstructions using conventional annual resolution MXD likely over‐estimate total growing season cooling in this year, while ring width fails to capture this abrupt late‐summer volcanic signal. Our study has implications not only for the interpretation of the climatic impacts of the Laki eruption in North America, but more broadly demonstrates the importance of timing and internal variability when comparing proxy temperature reconstructions and climate model simulations. It further demonstrates the value of developing cellular‐scale tree‐ring proxy measurements for paleoclimatology.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intra‐Annual Climate Anomalies in Northwestern North America Following the 1783–1784 CE Laki Eruption

et al. 2021

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“…In previous studies we found significant climatic response in radial growth and wood anatomy of both species in the study area. Cell production and radial growth is limited mainly by soil water availability in May-June (positive correlations with precipitation and negative ones with temperature), latewood CWT has positive correlation with temperature in the end of summer [29,44,45].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The analysis of seasonal kinetics is important for identifying and understanding the external signal perception during xylem formation and its "recording" in the final tree-ring anatomical structure. In several of our works, it was clearly shown that morphometric parameters of tracheids perceive growth-limiting effects of climatic factors for short intervals during the growing season [28,29,30]. However, it is still unresolved which of the three phases of tracheid differentiation is the most sensitive to external influence [12,31,32,33].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Small fluctuations in cell wall thickness in pine and spruce xylem: Signal from cambium?

et al. 2020

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In the conifer tree rings, each tracheid goes through three phases of differentiation before becoming an element of the stem water-conducting structure: division, extension, and cell wall thickening. These phases are long-lasting and separated temporally, especially cell wall thickening. Despite the numerous lines of evidence that external conditions affect the rate of growth processes and the final anatomical dimensions during the respective phases of tracheid differentiation, the influence of the environment on anatomical dimensions during the cell division phase (cambial activity) has not yet been experimentally confirmed. In this communication, we provide indirect evidence of such an effect through observations of the small fluctuations in the latewood cell wall thickness of rapidly growing tree rings, which exhibit a high cell production rate (more than 0.4 cells per day on average). Such small fluctuations in the cell wall thickness cannot be driven by variations in external factors during the secondary wall deposition phase, since this phase overlaps for several tens of latewood cells in the rings of fast-growing trees due to its long duration.

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“…In the books [22,23], many problems are considered, one way or another related to the problem of similarity. For example, in [24][25][26], the determination of similarity is necessary to construct a function of the dependence of the maximum density of the annual ring on the total ozone content (TOC) in the atmosphere and for further reconstruction of unknown TOC values from this function. This task of the so-called bioindication is very important, since the series of ring densities are very long, while the TOC values have been measured only since 1927, and it is still impossible to carry out a correct analysis for them.…”

Section: Overview Of Similarity Analysis Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metric of Highlighting the Synchronicity of Time Series and Its Application in Analyzing the Fundamental Frequencies of the Speaker’s Speech Signal

et al. 2020

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As part of the study, the problem of developing and applying a metric for assessing the degree of similarity of time series is considered, which makes it possible to consider the assumptions about the model of a series when comparing, as well as to compare the values of the corresponding characteristics of the series. Characteristics can be values that describe the structure of a series, or directly the values of the approximating function, which can be obtained using nonparametric statistics methods. One of the directions in which this approach can be applied to assessing the similarity of time series is the study of vocal performances. In practice, the degree of similarity in the performance of melodies by several speakers was analyzed. It was determined that, using the synchronicity metric, it is possible to implement an exercise in which students need to repeat the melody after the teacher. In addition, this approach was applied in the segment identification module with an abrupt change in the sounding of the fundamental frequency. This work is devoted to the modification of the program complex for vocal recognition in order to identify notes with a sharp change in the fundamental frequency. The complex is aimed at carrying out additional independent training in teaching vocals. The use of the software package will allow, in real time, providing feedback to the user with an assessment of the quality of their singing. This should allow students to study not only under the supervision of a teacher, but also independently in the early stages of learning. The basic algorithm of the program recognizes notes without sharp changes in frequencies with high accuracy, which is confirmed by experiments. In order to recognize by the algorithms of the program notes sung vibrato and glissando in singing, a new analysis method based on the metric of time series synchronicity is proposed.

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Siberian spruce tree ring anatomy: imprint of development processes and their high-temporal environmental regulation

Cited by 17 publications

References 93 publications

Intra‐Annual Climate Anomalies in Northwestern North America Following the 1783–1784 CE Laki Eruption

Intra‐Annual Climate Anomalies in Northwestern North America Following the 1783–1784 CE Laki Eruption

Small fluctuations in cell wall thickness in pine and spruce xylem: Signal from cambium?

Metric of Highlighting the Synchronicity of Time Series and Its Application in Analyzing the Fundamental Frequencies of the Speaker’s Speech Signal

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