Changes in soil humus composition and humic acid structural characteristics under different corn straw returning modes

Ndzelu, Batande Sinovuyo; Dou, Sen; Zhang, Xiaowei

doi:10.1071/sr20025

Cited by 32 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…In this five-year study, retention of corn straw increased SOC content by 25.35%, 10.57% and 9.31% under NTS, MTS and CTS treatments, respectively when compared with CK in the 0-20 cm soil depth (Table 1), and coincides with previous studies (Swanepoel et al, 2018;Pu et al, 2019;Zhang et al, 2019). As a C rich substance, application of corn straw serves as a C substrate for microbes and replenishes SOC content (Ndzelu et al, 2020), thereby contributing to the build-up of SOC. Comparing all corn straw returning modes, we found that NTS was considered to be more beneficial in increasing SOC content (Table 1).…”

Section: Effects Of Corn Straw Returning Modes On Soc Contentsupporting

confidence: 89%

Corn straw return can increase labile soil organic carbon fractions and improve water-stable aggregates in Haplic Cambisol

2020

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Corn straw return to the field is a vital agronomic practice for increasing soil organic carbon (SOC) and its labile fractions, as well as soil aggregates and organic carbon (OC) associated with water-stable aggregates (WSA). Moreover, the labile SOC fractions play an important role in OC turnover and sequestration. The aims of this study were to determine how different corn straw returning modes affect the contents of labile SOC fractions and OC associated with WSA. Corn straw was returned in the following depths: (1) on undisturbed soil surface (NTS), (2) in the 0-10 cm soil depth (MTS), ( 3) in the 0-20 cm soil depth (CTS), and (4) no corn straw applied (CK). After five years (2014)(2015)(2016)(2017)(2018), soil was sampled in the 0-20 and 20-40 cm depths to measure the water-extractable organic C (WEOC), permanganate oxidizable C (KMnO4-C), light fraction organic C (LFOC), and WSA fractions. The results showed that compared with CK, corn straw amended soils (NTS, MTS and CTS) increased SOC content by 11.55%-16.58%, WEOC by 41.38%-51.42%, KMnO 4 -C and LFOC by 29.84%-34.09% and 56.68%-65.36% in the 0-40 cm soil depth. The LFOC and KMnO 4 -C were proved to be the most sensitive fractions to different corn straw returning modes. Compared with CK, soils amended with corn straw increased mean weight diameter by 24.24%-40.48% in the 0-20 cm soil depth. The NTS and MTS preserved more than 60.00% of OC in macro-aggregates compared with CK. No significant difference was found in corn yield across all corn straw returning modes throughout the study period, indicating that adoption of NTS and MTS would increase SOC content and improve soil structure, and would not decline crop production.

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Section: Effects Of Corn Straw Returning Modes On Soc Contentsupporting

confidence: 89%

Corn straw return can increase labile soil organic carbon fractions and improve water-stable aggregates in Haplic Cambisol

2020

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“…On-the-other-hand, the SOC was increased with the addition of crop residue into paddy the field with the tillage condition (Table 1), which was continuously converted into humus with the action of rhizosphere soil microorganism. The results from the previous study indicated that soil amino acid N and other compounds of N were converted into humic acid during the process of humification (Ndzelu et al, 2020). Meanwhile, our results found that rhizosphere soil acid hydrolysable N fractions and amino sugar N (ASN), amino acid N (AAN), ammonium N (AN) and hydrolysable unidentified N (HUN) contents were significantly increased by the application of conventional tillage and rotary tillage combined with crop residue incorporation management (CT and RT) (Figure 1), which were suggested that the application of tillage combined with crop residue incorporation could be a more beneficial management for improving the content of rhizosphere soil organic N in the double-cropping rice paddy field compared with treatment without crop residue input management.…”

Section: Pca Of Soil Properties Enzyme Activities Acid Hydrolysable N Fractions and N Mineralization Ratesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of different tillage management on rhizosphere soil nitrogen mineralization and its extracellular enzyme activity in a double‐cropping rice paddy field of southern China

Tang

Cheng

et al. 2021

Land Degrad Dev

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Soil extracellular enzyme activity plays an important role in regulating the process of nitrogen (N) mineralization in the paddy field. However, there is still limited information about how rhizosphere N mineralization and its extracellular enzyme activities respond to different tillage treatments in a double-cropping rice paddy fields of southern China.Therefore, the effects of 6-year (short-term) tillage management on rhizosphere soil acid hydrolysable N and its fractions, N mineralization, and its extracellular enzyme activities in a double-cropping rice paddy fields of southern China were studied and reported in this article. The field experiment included four tillage treatments: conventional tillage with crop residue incorporation (CT), rotary tillage with crop residue incorporation (RT), no-tillage with crop residue retention (NT), and rotary tillage with crop residue removed as a control (RTO). The results showed that rhizosphere soil total acid hydrolysable N and its fractions with CT, RT and NT treatments were higher than those with RTO treatment. Compared to RTO treatment, the rhizosphere soil total acid hydrolysable N content with CT and RT treatments was increased by 19.17% and 17.74%, respectively.Compared to RTO treatment, the rhizosphere soil aerobic and anaerobic N mineralization rates with CT and RT treatments were increased by 100.00% and 80.65%, and 43.02% and 33.72%, respectively. Rhizosphere soil extracellular enzyme activities with CT and RT treatments were higher than those with NT and RTO treatments. There was a positive correlation between rhizosphere soil amino sugar N, amino acid N, total acid hydrolysable N contents, L-glutaminase activity and N mineralization rate. The principal component analysis results indicated that rhizosphere soil organic carbon, amino sugar N, amino acid N and total acid hydrolysable N contents, soil β-glucosaminidase, β-glucosidase and L-glutaminase activities were the main factors affecting rhizosphere soil aerobic and anaerobic N mineralization rates. As a result, rhizosphere soil acid hydrolysable N and its fractions, N mineralization, and its extracellular enzyme activities were significantly increased under the combined application of conventional tillage and rotary tillage with the crop residue incorporation condition.

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“…Different straw returning methods have different effects on the composition of soil humus and the structure of HA. Studies have shown that straw mulching is beneficial to the accumulation of organic carbon and humic substance C content [ 8 ] and the enhancement of functional groups such as aliphatic, hydroxyl, methoxy, and carboxyl groups on the surface soil [ 9 ], but straw mulching also affects seedling emergence and makes tillage difficult [ 10 ]. A new straw returning method had been developed, namely, straw enrichment and deep incorporation (SEDI), consisting in (1) raking the corn stalk in the field together into rows at a ratio of 4 : 1 with a finger-plate rake; (2) crushing the corn straw and burying it into subsoil, 20∼40 cm deep along designated strips with a wind-driven input cylindrical plough; (3) sowing seeds into the strips with no straw buried in between the strips with straw buried in a normal way with a nontillage seeder, to realize separation of the seeded strips (narrow rows) from the strips (wide rows) with straw buried in a wide-and-narrow row alternating cultivation mode.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fluorescence Spectroscopy and 13C NMR Spectroscopy Characteristics of HA in Black Soil at Different Corn Straw Returning Modes

Zheng

Dou

Duan

et al. 2021

International Journal of Analytical Chemistry

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A three-year field experiment was conducted to analyze the effects of straw enrichment and deep incorporation on the humus composition and the structure of humic acid (HA) in black soil. The differences in the HA structure between different straw returning methods were detected by three-dimensional fluorescence spectroscopy and 13C NMR technology. The purpose of this paper is to provide a theoretical basis and data support for improving the straw returning system. Four different treatments, including no straw applied (CK), straw mulching (SCR), straw deep ploughing (MBR), and straw enrichment and deep incorporation (SEDI: harvested the corn straw from four rows together with a finger-plate rake and then crushed and buried them in one row in the 20∼40 cm deep level in the subsoil with a wind-driven input cylindrical plough), were used in this study. Our results showed that compared to CK treatment, SEDI significantly increased the contents of organic carbon (SOC), soil humic acid carbon (HAC), fulvic acid carbon (FAC), and humin C content (HM-C) in the subsurface soil layer by 27.47%, 34.33%, 19.66%, and 31.49%, respectively. Among all the straw returning treatments, SEDI treatment had the most significant effect in increasing the contents of HEC, HAC, and FAC. Straw returning not only reduced the degree of condensation and oxidation of the HA structure but also increased the proportion of alkyl C and enhanced the hydrophobicity of the HA structure in subsurface soil. Moreover, SEDI treatment significantly increased the proportion of aliphatic C/aromatic C of the HA structure in subsurface soil and improved the aliphatic property of HA, which had a significant effect on the HA structure compared to other treatments.

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Changes in soil humus composition and humic acid structural characteristics under different corn straw returning modes

Cited by 32 publications

References 24 publications

Corn straw return can increase labile soil organic carbon fractions and improve water-stable aggregates in Haplic Cambisol

Corn straw return can increase labile soil organic carbon fractions and improve water-stable aggregates in Haplic Cambisol

Effects of different tillage management on rhizosphere soil nitrogen mineralization and its extracellular enzyme activity in a double‐cropping rice paddy field of southern China

Fluorescence Spectroscopy and 13C NMR Spectroscopy Characteristics of HA in Black Soil at Different Corn Straw Returning Modes

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