Changes in serum lipids and apolipoproteins after exercise in men with high cholesterol: influence of intensity

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to characterize the short-term changes in blood lipid and apolipoprotein concentrations in healthy hypercholesterolemic men after high-intensity [80% maximal O2 uptake (VO2max); n = 20] or moderate-intensity (50% VO2max; n = 19) cycle ergometer exercise balanced for caloric expenditure (350 kcal). The men's age, height, weight, %fat, and VO2max were 46 +/- 2 yr, 173 +/- 7 cm, 82.7 +/- 2.2 kg, 28 +/- 1%, and 31.1 +/- 1.0 ml O2.kg-1.min-1, respectively. Blood samples were drawn before exercise, immediately after exercise, then 24 and 48 h later, and concentrations of all variables were adjusted for changes in plasma volume. Significant changes (P < 0.0016) were as follows: total and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol fell by 4% immediately after exercise and then rose by 5-8% by 48 h. Triglycerides were 18 and 15% lower at 24 and 48 h, respectively. HDL-cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein3-cholesterol, and apolipoprotein B rose 8-9% by 24 h and remained elevated. High-density lipoprotein2-cholesterol rose by 27% by 48 h after exercise, but this change was not significant. Apolipoprotein A-I did not change with exercise. The response patterns were not affected by exercise intensity. These data show that a single session of exercise performed by untrained hypercholesterolemic men alters blood lipid and apolipoprotein concentrations. Furthermore, the postexercise response patterns are not influenced by exercise intensity, as long as caloric expenditure is held constant.

Is weight loss the optimal target for obesity-related cardiovascular disease risk reduction?

“…The augmented insulin sensitivity is apparent immediately after exercise (36) and persists for 20 h to 48 h thereafter (35,37,38). It is also well established that a single bout of aerobic exercise results in 10% to 25% reductions in triglycerides (TGs) and 7% to 15% increases in high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol levels (11,(41)(42)(43). These lipid changes become apparent between 24 h and 48 h after exercise in both untrained (41,42) and trained subjects (43) in response to caloric expenditures of 350 kcal to 500 kcal and 1000 kcal, respectively.…”

“…It is also well established that a single bout of aerobic exercise results in 10% to 25% reductions in triglycerides (TGs) and 7% to 15% increases in high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol levels (11,(41)(42)(43). These lipid changes become apparent between 24 h and 48 h after exercise in both untrained (41,42) and trained subjects (43) in response to caloric expenditures of 350 kcal to 500 kcal and 1000 kcal, respectively. Additionally, the blood pressure-lowering effect of acute aerobic exercise has been long established (44).…”

Influence of Heat Exposure on Serum Lipid and Lipoprotein Cholesterol in Young Male Subjects.

“…Several studies have reported that after an aerobic exercise TC and LDL-C concentrations were reduced by 3~5% and 4~8% respectively compared to their initial values [3][4][5] . Elevated body temperatures during heat exposure might be the cause of the changes in TC and LDL-C concentrations found in the present study.…”

“…Physical exercise has been reported to cause 1~6% reduction of TG [3][4][5] . Serum TG concentration might have decreased because energy consumption might have increased due to the increase of metabolic rate caused by heat exposure.…”

“…These physiological reactions may also occur when exposed to heat while keeping the body at rest. Physical exercise has been reported to cause acute reduction in serum total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and triglyceride (TG) while it increases high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and free fatty acid (FFA) [1][2][3][4][5] . Due to the scarcity of reports it is not known exactly whether the rising body temperature caused by wholly heat exposure accounts for the changes in serum lipids.…”