Changes in phytochemical content and pharmacological activities of three Chlorella strains grown in different nitrogen conditions

Aremu, Adeyemi O.; Molnár, Zoltan; Stirk, Wendy A.; Ördög, Vince; Staden, J. Van

doi:10.1007/s10811-015-0568-7

Cited by 29 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 46 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…extract was twice as active under N-replete conditions than under N-limited or starved conditions ( Figure 4 ). Those results are in agreement with the few studies that have evaluated the effects of N-limitation on antioxidant activities [ 25 , 29 , 35 , 36 ]. Çakmak et al [ 25 ] and Aremu et al [ 35 , 36 ] showed the negative impacts of N-starvation on the antioxidant activity of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii and Chlorella strains, respectively.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…Those results are in agreement with the few studies that have evaluated the effects of N-limitation on antioxidant activities [ 25 , 29 , 35 , 36 ]. Çakmak et al [ 25 ] and Aremu et al [ 35 , 36 ] showed the negative impacts of N-starvation on the antioxidant activity of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii and Chlorella strains, respectively. Goiris et al [ 29 ] found an overall antioxidant activity that was 3 to 10 times higher in N-replete cultures than in the N-starved cultures of 3 microalgae species ( Chlorella vulgaris , Tetraselmis suecica , and Phaeodactylum tricornutum ).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…However, the influence of nitrogen availability on antioxidant compounds is species-specific, and high antioxidant activity due to over-accumulation of secondary carotenoids under nutrient stress should not be generalized to all species. Indeed, only some chlorophytes species are able to accumulate secondary carotenoids [ 17 ], whereas several studies describe a decrease of antioxidant activity and primary carotenoids with N-starvation [ 25 , 29 , 35 , 36 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Effects of Nitrogen Availability on the Antioxidant Activity and Carotenoid Content of the Microalgae Nephroselmis sp

Coulombier¹,

Nicolau

Déan

et al. 2020

Marine Drugs

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Nephroselmis sp. was previously identified as a species of interest for its antioxidant properties owing to its high carotenoid content. In addition, nitrogen availability can impact biomass and specific metabolites’ production of microalgae. To optimize parameters of antioxidant production, Nephroselmis sp. was cultivated in batch and continuous culture conditions in stirred closed photobioreactors under different nitrogen conditions (N-repletion, N-limitation, and N-starvation). The aim was to determine the influence of nitrogen availability on the peroxyl radical scavenging activity (oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) assay) and carotenoid content of Nephroselmis sp. Pigment analysis revealed a specific and unusual photosynthetic system with siphonaxanthin-type light harvesting complexes found in primitive green algae, but also high lutein content and xanthophyll cycle pigments (i.e., violaxanthin, antheraxanthin, and zeaxanthin), as observed in most advanced chlorophytes. The results indicated that N-replete conditions enhance carotenoid biosynthesis, which would correspond to a higher antioxidant capacity measured in Nephroselmis sp. Indeed, peroxyl radical scavenging activity and total carotenoids were higher under N-replete conditions and decreased sharply under N-limitation or starvation conditions. Considering individual carotenoids, siphonaxanthin, neoxanthin, xanthophyll cycle pigments, and lycopene followed the same trend as total carotenoids, while β-carotene and lutein stayed stable regardless of the nitrogen availability. Carotenoid productivities were also higher under N-replete treatment. The peroxyl radical scavenging activity measured with ORAC assay (63.6 to 154.9 µmol TE g−1 DW) and the lutein content (5.22 to 7.97 mg g−1 DW) were within the upper ranges of values reported previously for other microalgae. Furthermore, contents of siphonaxanthin ere 6 to 20% higher than in previous identified sources (siphonous green algae). These results highlight the potential of Nephroselmis sp. as a source of natural antioxidant and as a pigment of interest.

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Effects of Nitrogen Availability on the Antioxidant Activity and Carotenoid Content of the Microalgae Nephroselmis sp

Coulombier¹,

Nicolau

Déan

et al. 2020

Marine Drugs

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The polarity of the extraction solvent has a large influence on the suite of compounds extracted from the biomass (Goiris et al 2012;Iglesias et al 2019). A previous bioactivity study of three Chlorella strains showed that dichloromethane extracts had higher antioxidant activity in both the DPPH and β-carotene-linoleic acid assays compared to methanol extracts while methanol extracts had higher antimicrobial activity against two Grampositive and three Gram-negative bacterial strains (Aremu et al 2016). Based on these results, antimicrobial activity was measured in methanol extracts using S. aureus and E. coli and antioxidant activity of dichloromethane extracts of C. vulgaris biomass was monitored using the DPPH assay in the present study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of storage on plant biostimulant and bioactive properties of freeze-dried Chlorella vulgaris biomass

et al. 2021

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Microalgae are potential plant biostimulants and biocontrol agents. A major hurdle towards their commercialization is the production of large volumes of biomass at the correct time of year. Secondary metabolites are unstable and the “shelf-life” of bioactive microalgal biomass needs to be investigated. The aim of the study was to investigate the effects of storage conditions on freeze-dried microalgae to determine how long the biomass retained its growth promoting and bioactive properties under various temperature and light conditions. Chlorella vulgaris biomass was stored in the dark at − 70 °C, 10 °C, and 25 °C and in the light at 25 °C. Samples were tested every 3–4 months for 15 months. Storage time significantly influenced the rate of change in the bioactivity in the C. vulgaris biomass with storage temperature also having some effect. Rooting activity decreased in the mungbean rooting assay over time up to 12 months and then increased slightly. Antimicrobial activity increased against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli for up to 12 months and then declined. Antioxidant activity measured in the DPPH assay remained relatively stable for up to 12 months and then significantly decreased with longer storage. The change in bioactivity over time was attributed to the gradual breakdown of the rigid cell wall of C. vulgaris , thereby improving extraction efficiency but exposing the secondary metabolites to oxygen, thus quickening their degradation. Biomass produced for commercial purposes requires preliminary validation as the results of the present study showed that bioactive compounds are susceptible to degradation over time. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s10811-021-02596-9.

show abstract

“…Phenolic compounds exhibit a wide spectrum of biological activities that are attributed to their strong antioxidant activity and have the ability to protect important cellular structures such as cell membranes, structural proteins, enzymes, membrane lipids, or nucleic acids against oxidative damage (Terpinc and Abramovic 2010 ). Phenolic compounds found in the methanolic extract of C. vulgaris may be responsible for its higher antioxidant activity (Aremu et al 2016 ; Muszyńska et al 2016 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bioaccessibility of phenolic compounds, lutein, and bioelements of preparations containing Chlorella vulgaris in artificial digestive juices

et al. 2017

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Chlorella vulgaris Beijerinck is a spherical, green alga belonging to the genus Chlorella and family Chlorellaceae. It has high nutritional value and shows multiple biological effects. Dietary supplements that contain extracts of C. vulgaris are sold in the form of tablets, capsules, powders, and aqueous solutions. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to determine the content of bioelements (zinc, iron, and magnesium), phenolic compounds, and lutein before and after incubation with artificial digestive juices from preparations containing C. vulgaris. In this study, we used commercial preparations in the form of powder and tablets. The samples were incubated in artificial gastric juice and then in artificial intestinal juice for 30 and 90 min. The contents of bioelements were determined by using the flame atomic absorption spectrometric method. Lutein and phenolic compounds were analyzed by high-pressure liquid chromatography. We also aimed to evaluate the quality of chlorella-containing formulations by using the methods described in the European Pharmacopoeia 8th edition. According to the results, the preparations containing C. vulgaris demonstrated the presence of phenolic compounds and lutein. Therefore, daily supplementation of preparations containing C. vulgaris substantiates its usefulness for humans. The qualitative composition of the examined organic substances and bioelements was found to be in accordance with the manufacturer’s declarations on the packaging containing C. vulgaris compared with the control samples; however, the contents of bioelements were found to be negligible after incubation with artificial digestive juices. This shows that the examined preparations containing C. vulgaris are not good sources of bioelements such as zinc, iron, or magnesium.

show abstract

Changes in phytochemical content and pharmacological activities of three Chlorella strains grown in different nitrogen conditions

Cited by 29 publications

References 46 publications

Effects of Nitrogen Availability on the Antioxidant Activity and Carotenoid Content of the Microalgae Nephroselmis sp

Effects of Nitrogen Availability on the Antioxidant Activity and Carotenoid Content of the Microalgae Nephroselmis sp

Effect of storage on plant biostimulant and bioactive properties of freeze-dried Chlorella vulgaris biomass

Bioaccessibility of phenolic compounds, lutein, and bioelements of preparations containing Chlorella vulgaris in artificial digestive juices

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About