Changes in Leaf Phenology are Dependent on Tree Height inAcer mono, a Deciduous Broad-leaved Tree

Seiwa, Kenji

doi:10.1006/anbo.1998.0831

Cited by 92 publications

(84 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…Trees also show ontogenetic shifts in architecture (Sterck and Bongers 2001) and leaf phenology (Seiwa 1999) that may vary with leaf habit. Within temperate deciduous forests, seedlings and subcanopy trees (of canopy species) tend to be more erect than the 1-3 m tall saplings studied here (Millet et al 1998).…”

Section: Broader Context Of the Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Architectural differences in saplings of temperate versus tropical angiosperms; consequences of the deciduous habit?

King

2005

Can. J. Bot.

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Abstract:The architecture of saplings of temperate deciduous species of the southeastern United States was compared with that of tropical evergreen species of Central America, Borneo, and northeastern Australia. The deciduous species were more planar in the understory than were the tropical species, because of (i) more planar leaf displays within branches, (ii) a high frequency of arching, plagiotropic main stems (associated with greater plasticity in crown symmetry in relation to light), and (iii) a lower height of first branching. The deciduous species also had more planar branches than did subtropical and temperate evergreen angiosperms. This greater planarity in temperate deciduous understories may be associated with the simultaneous positioning of most leaves during a single flush in the spring. In contrast, saplings in tropical understories typically bear multiple leaf cohorts and position new leaves at the peripheries of existing leaf displays. These results and those of other studies suggest that there are adaptive links between plant architecture and phenology. Other factors, such as latitudinal variation in sun angles, may influence crown shape in overstory trees, but did not seem to be involved here, possibly because the filtering effect of the canopy results in smaller latitudinal shifts in understory illumination angles during the growing season. Thus, by favouring the deciduous habit, the cold winters and warm, humid summers of the eastern deciduous biome of North America appear to have had a notable influence on sapling architecture.Key words: morphological plasticity, plagiotropy, stem orientation, tree architecture.Résumé : Les auteurs ont comparé l'architecture de jeunes arbres d'espèces décidues tempérées du sud-est des É tats-Unis, avec celle d'espèces sempervirentes tropicales de l'Amérique Centrale, de Bornéo et du nord-est de l'Australie. Les espèces décidues de sous-étages sont plus planaires que ne le sont les espèces tropicales, dû à : (i) une disposition plus planaire des feuilles, sur la branche; (ii) une fréquence plus grande de tiges principales voûtées, plagiotropiques (associée avec une plus grande plasticité dans la symétrie du houppier, en relation avec la lumière) et; (iii) des premières branches plus basses. Les espèces décidues ont également plus de branches planaires que les angiospermes subtropicales sempervirentes tempérées. Cette planarité plus forte, dans les sous-étages des espèces décidues tempérées, peut être associée au positionnement simultané de la plupart des feuilles au cours d'une même poussée au printemps. D'autre part, les jeunes arbres des sous-étages des forêts tropicales portent typiquement de nombreuses cohortes foliaires, et placent les nouvelles feuilles aux périphéries de l'étalage des feuilles existantes. Ces résultats et ceux de d'autres études suggèrent qu'il y aurait des liens adaptatifs entre l'architecture des plantes et la phénologie. D'autres facteurs, comme la variation latitudinale des angles solaires, peuvent influencer la forme du houppier c...

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Section: Broader Context Of the Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Architectural differences in saplings of temperate versus tropical angiosperms; consequences of the deciduous habit?

King

2005

Can. J. Bot.

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“…The correlation coefficient between these parameters suggests that young trees develop leaves later (Table 2). Opposite phenological patterns were observed in Acer mono and Fagus sylvatica, where young trees flush earlier, in order to better use the light before being shaded by mature trees (Dzwonko 1990;Seiwa 1999). On the other hand, studies on several species in seasonally dry tropic climates show that the smallest individuals flush later than mature trees, as they have no access to water in the deeper layers of the soil (Sayer and Newbery 2003).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Does tree-ring formation follow leaf phenology in Pedunculate oak (Quercus robur L.)?

et al. 2017

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We monitored leaf phenology and xylogenesis of 12 Pedunculate oaks in northern Poland in 2014. We hypothesized that the individual trees, which differed in size, age and habitat (tree stand or gap), also diverged in terms of the seasonal patterns of leaf phenology and xylogenesis. The samples used for wood formation observations were collected most frequently during the early leaf phenophases (from March to end of June). The transverse sections of the cambial region were cut with a sledge microtome. We counted the number of cambial cells, measured the width of xylem increment and assessed the timing of xylogenesis and earlywood-vessel formation. We found significant differences in leaf phenology and timing of xylogenesis among individual trees. The smallest differences in wood formation among the trees were observed at the beginning of the vegetation season when the first earlywood vessels were detected (9 days). The dates of completion of the first tangential row of earlywood vessels varied by up to 30 days, while for the completion of the entire earlywood dates varied by up to 32 days. The highest productivity of cambial cells (13 cell layers) was observed around the time of bud swelling at mid-April. In the last days of April, the number of cambial cell layers decreased and subsequently increased again when the leaves were nearly fully expanded at the end of May. To summarize, we observed a high seasonal variability in the number of cambial cell layers. Differences in the time of cessation of cambial activity and xylogenesis amounted to 1 month. We conclude that: (1) oak tree-ring widths and earlywoodvessel sizes and numbers may not be sensitive indicators for early spring temperature and spring defoliation; (2) the missing association between leaf phenophases and xylogenesis as well as the phenological variability may be the reasons for the lack of a clear climatic effect on the abovementioned parameters.

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“…5). Greater forcing requirements in adults versus immature individuals have been observed in many other deciduous temperature woody species (Gill et al 1998;Seiwa 1999;Augspurger and Barlett 2003;Augspurger et al 2005). The phenomenon has been termed phenological escape or avoidance of shade.…”

Section: Germination and Stratification Thermal Time Unitsmentioning

confidence: 92%

The influence of chilling requirement on the southern distribution limit of exotic Russian olive (Elaeagnus angustifolia) in western North America

et al. 2012

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Changes in Leaf Phenology are Dependent on Tree Height inAcer mono, a Deciduous Broad-leaved Tree

Cited by 92 publications

References 42 publications

Architectural differences in saplings of temperate versus tropical angiosperms; consequences of the deciduous habit?

Architectural differences in saplings of temperate versus tropical angiosperms; consequences of the deciduous habit?

Does tree-ring formation follow leaf phenology in Pedunculate oak (Quercus robur L.)?

The influence of chilling requirement on the southern distribution limit of exotic Russian olive (Elaeagnus angustifolia) in western North America

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