The influence of chilling requirement on the southern distribution limit of exotic Russian olive (Elaeagnus angustifolia) in western North America

Guilbault, Kimberly R.; Brown, Cynthia S.; Friedman, Jonathan M.; Shafroth, Patrick B.

doi:10.1007/s10530-012-0182-4

Cited by 19 publications

(14 citation statements)

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“…, Guilbault et al. ); more frequent high heat and/or drought events might also be involved. In a recent comprehensive literature review on the range‐limiting dynamics at warm‐edge margins (Cahill et al.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Range margins at low latitudes and altitudes, lacking cold temperatures as a limiting constraint, have been hypothesized to be limited instead by biotic interactions such as competition (MacArthur 1972, Kaufman 1995, Loehle 1998). Alternatively, it has been suggested that the lack of cold temperatures to meet chilling requirements might itself be limiting (Cannell and Smith 1986, Sykes et al 1996, Guilbault et al 2012); more frequent high heat and/or drought events might also be involved. In a recent comprehensive literature review on the rangelimiting dynamics at warm-edge margins (Cahill et al 2014), no broadly shared constraint emerges: while there is evidence to support competition as the primary mechanism (e.g., Bullock et al 2000, Cleavitt 2004, Dickinson et al 2007), other studies support climate limitation through a variety of mechanisms (e.g., Macias et al 2006 [aridity], Offord 2011 [frost damage, heat stress], Guilbault et al 2012 [chilling requirements]).…”

Section: Range-limiting Factors At the Southern Marginmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Climate and competition affect growth and survival of transplanted sugar maple seedlings along a 1700‐km gradient

Putnam

Reich

2017

Ecological Monographs

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Plant species distributions, broadly shaped by climate, may also be constrained by other species. The degree to which biotic factors affect range limits is unclear, however, and few experimental studies have investigated both biotic and abiotic factors across and beyond a species’ range. We examined seedling survival and net growth for three years in contrasting canopy type (closed canopy vs. gap) and neighbor density (clipped vs. unclipped) environments for northern, central, and southern populations of sugar maple (Acer saccharum) representing a climate‐of‐origin gradient, experimentally planted from Arkansas, USA to Ontario, Canada at ten forested sites along a 1700‐km transect spanning beyond the species’ range. We hypothesized that each population's highest survival and growth would occur in its region of origin, with poorer performance in cooler or warmer areas. Refuting this hypothesis, seedlings of all three populations had greater growth and survival in sites increasingly warmer than their point of origin, although they did show poorer growth and survival at increasingly colder sites. We also hypothesized that maple survival and net growth near and beyond range margins are constrained primarily by cold temperature limitation in the north, where we expected neighbors to facilitate survival, and by competition in the south, where we expected to enhance survival and growth by reducing neighbor density. Results partially supported the hypothesis concerning biotic interactions: in canopy gaps, understory neighbors enhanced maple growth at the coolest sites but did not suppress growth as expected at the warmest sites. As the northern population grew and survived reasonably well beyond the northern range limit, and as all populations performed best at warmer sites, including beyond the southern range limit, there was tepid, if any, support for the hypothesis that climate regulated the northern limit and absolutely no support for the hypothesis that competition regulated the southern limit. Together, these three‐year findings with juvenile trees suggest that sugar maple range limits may instead be constrained by factors besides climate and competition, by those factors at another life stage, and/or by climate events such as heat waves, droughts, and cold snaps that occur at longer return intervals.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Range-limiting Factors At the Southern Marginmentioning

confidence: 99%

Climate and competition affect growth and survival of transplanted sugar maple seedlings along a 1700‐km gradient

Putnam

Reich

2017

Ecological Monographs

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“…The most abundant non-native tree species on the Verde River was Russian olive. Russian olive was the most abundant non-native tree in this area probably due to the higher elevation in the upper-middle Verde River, resulting in cold winter temperatures that meet Russian olive's chilling requirement for seed germination and bud break (Guilbault, 2011;Shafroth and others, 2010a). The phenological (seasonal lifecycle) and reproductive needs of Russian olive are not well understood; however, it is known to spread rapidly once established, competing for space with native vegetation.…”

Section: Non-native Riparian Speciesmentioning

confidence: 98%

Preliminary synthesis and assessment of environmental flows in the middle Verde River watershed, Arizona

Paretti¹,

Brasher²,

Pearlstein³

et al. 2018

Scientific Investigations Report

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For more information on the USGS-the Federal source for science about the Earth, its natural and living resources, natural hazards, and the environment-visit http://www.usgs.gov or call 1-888-ASK-USGS.For an overview of USGS information products, including maps, imagery, and publications, visit http://www.usgs.gov/pubprod/.Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.Although this information product, for the most part, is in the public domain, it also may contain copyrighted materials as noted in the text. Permission to reproduce copyrighted items must be secured from the copyright owner.Suggested citation: Paretti, N.V., Brasher, A.M.D., Pearlstein, S.L., Skow, D.M., Gungle, Bruce, and Garner, B.D., 2018, Preliminary synthesis and assessment of environmental flows in the middle Verde River watershed, Arizona: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2017-5100, 104 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20175100. ISSN 2328-0328 (online) iii AcknowledgmentsThis project was developed and funded in cooperation with The Nature Conservancy (TNC). Dan Campbell (retired), Jeanmarie Haney, and Kimberly Schoneck at TNC provided crucial support and expertise regarding the Verde River watershed. Additional funding from the Salt River Project and the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) WaterSMART program made possible the extension of the project to the development of study sites, sampling, and sample analysis.Twice during the project, we invited a work group to meet and provide comments and suggestions concerning the direction and focus of our work to keep it relevant to the goals of developing information useful for resource policy and management. Jeanmarie Haney (TNC), Shaula Hedwall (U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service), Charles Paradzick (Salt River Project), John Rasmussen (Yavapai County Water Advisory Committee Coordinator), Patti Spindler (Arizona Department of Environmental Quality, ADEQ), Abe Springer (Northern Arizona University), and David Ward (USGS Grand Canyon Monitoring and Research Center) contributed many insights that strengthened the project.Data and analyses directly incorporated into the report or used as background information were generously shared by agencies and individuals. Charlie Cave (Yavapai County Flood Control District) provided aerial photographs and detailed topographic maps commissioned by Yavapai County; the hydrological consulting firm HDR, with the permission of Yavapai County, provided a detailed report documenting their hydraulic modeling for the county. Patti Spindler (ADEQ) and Andy Clark (Arizona Game and Fish Department) generously shared valuable macroinvertebrate and fish datasets that were crucial to the report's primary analyses. Jocelyn Gretz provided valuable support for field work and planning. Steve Wiele provided much valuable assistance and support in the development of the project generally and to the section on surface water and groundwater in particular. Horizontal coordinate infor...

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“…Recently, Nagler et al (2011) outlined several different factors that promote the present distribution and abundance of Russian-olive in the United States. These include (1) a chilling requirement, potentially needed for bud break and seed germination (Friedman et al 2005;Guilbault et al 2012); (2) supplemental moisture in arid and semiarid regions, which is often provided in riparian areas, floodplains, reservoir margins, and canals; (3) increased river flow regulation leading to less flooding and less disturbance, conditions that are unfavorable for native plant seedling establishment (i.e., cottonwoods and willows); (4) silt loam and silty clay soil types, which occur between terrestrial and aquatic habitats (Madurapperuma et al 2013); and (5) high soil salinity and alkalinity conditions, in which Russian-olive is more tolerant than native species (Nagler et al 2011).…”

Section: Russian-olive Biologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, regions in Canada that support the conditions favorable for Russian-olive growth (see above) should be the focus of research and management. Russian-olive is believed to be limited in its southern distribution, perhaps because of a lack of chilling needed for bud break and germination (Friedman et al 2005;Guilbault et al 2012); however, nothing is known about its northern distribution limits. Gusta et al (1983) determined that Russian-olive branches were killed at 255uC, suggesting that a maximal northern limit does exist.…”

Section: Anticipated Effects and Future Research Needsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Russian-olive (Elaeagnus angustifolia) Biology and Ecology and its Potential to Invade Northern North American Riparian Ecosystems

Collette

Pither

2015

Invasive plant sci. manag.

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Russian-olive is a small tree or large multistemmed shrub that was introduced to Canada and the United States from Eurasia in the early 1900s. It was provisioned in large numbers during the last century to prairie farmers as a shelterbelt plant and remains a popular and widely available ornamental. Now invasive within some riparian ecosystems in the western United States, Russian-olive has been declared noxious in the states of Colorado and New Mexico. With traits including high shade tolerance and a symbiotic association with nitrogen-fixing bacteria, Russian-olive has the potential to dominate riparian vegetation and thus radically transform riparian ecosystems. Especially alarming is its capacity to influence nutrient dynamics within aquatic food webs. Our objective is to draw attention to Russian-olive as a potential threat to riparian ecosystems within Canada, especially in the southwest, where invasion is becoming commonplace. We review what is known about its biology and about the threats it poses to native organisms and ecosystems, and we summarize management and control efforts that are currently underway. We conclude by proposing a research agenda aimed at clarifying whether and how Russian-olive poses a threat to riparian ecosystems within western Canada.

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The influence of chilling requirement on the southern distribution limit of exotic Russian olive (Elaeagnus angustifolia) in western North America

Cited by 19 publications

References 87 publications

Climate and competition affect growth and survival of transplanted sugar maple seedlings along a 1700‐km gradient

Climate and competition affect growth and survival of transplanted sugar maple seedlings along a 1700‐km gradient

Preliminary synthesis and assessment of environmental flows in the middle Verde River watershed, Arizona

Russian-olive (Elaeagnus angustifolia) Biology and Ecology and its Potential to Invade Northern North American Riparian Ecosystems

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