Changes in federal sentencing for forced labor trafficking and for sex trafficking: a ten year assessment

Albonetti, Celesta A.

doi:10.1007/s10611-013-9507-1

Cited by 8 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Ninety years later, Congress provided prosecutors with additional charging options when it enacted the criminal provisions of the TVPA. The TVPA has been re‐enacted and amended multiple times to provide for continued funding of trafficking‐related programs and social services (Albonetti, 2014). However, the language of its criminal provisions has remained unchanged.…”

Section: The Case Of Sex Traffickingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…§ 2424) criminalize transporting or harboring individuals for the purpose of prostitution or other unlawful commercial sex activity, even where force, fraud, or coercion may not be present. Federal prosecutors may use one or more of these six statutory provisions to charge defendants in cases directly involving or related to sex trafficking (Albonetti, 2014; Feehs & Currier, 2020; Mattar, 2011; United States v. Granados‐Corona , et al, 2016; United States v. Melendez‐Rojas , et al, 2018).…”

Section: The Case Of Sex Traffickingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For the purposes of our study, we selected six federal statutes that are specifically related to sex trafficking: the criminal sex trafficking provisions of the TVPA (18 U. (Albonetti, 2014;Feehs & Currier, 2020;Mattar, 2011;United States v. Granados-Corona, et al, 2016;United States v. Melendez-Rojas, et al, 2018).…”

Section: Higher-and Lower-penalty Statutesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Charging sex traffickers under federal law: What dispositions should we expect when applying theories on prosecutorial decision‐making?

Judge¹,

Dole

2022

J Empirical Legal Studies

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Previous research on prosecutorial decision-making has detailed prosecutors' considerable discretionary power along with their desire to avoid uncertain outcomes. However, few studies have applied this decision-making framework to criminal case outcomes. We addressed this gap by analyzing prosecutors' charging decisions and charge dispositions through the lens of a unique crime: sex trafficking. In the study, we examined whether the type of statute under which federal prosecutors may choose to charge defendants in sex trafficking-related cases is associated with the disposition of those charges. We used datasets from the Federal Justice Statistics Program for years 1994-2014 in multilevel logistic regession models that adjusted for factors relevant to prosecutorial decision-making. We then compared the dispositions of charges filed in sex trafficking-related cases and asked: Are charges filed under higher-penalty statutes significantly associated with dispositions that are more favorable to the prosecution? Or is the association present for lower-penalty statutes instead? Results from our first model, using a dataset with all available charges and dispositions for a 21-year period, show that when a charge is filed under a higher-penalty statute, the adjusted odds that its disposition is more favorable to the prosecution are about 60% higher than the odds for charges filed under lower-penalty statutes. Results from a subset of charge data linked to demographic characteristics show that the adjusted odds of obtaining a favorable charge disposition are 65% lower when the defendant is female. These associations suggest that higherpenalty statutes in sex trafficking-related cases, with their concomitant higher burdens of proof, do not necessarily implicate greater uncertainty in outcomes. Prosecutors have been using their discretion to charge under the more punitive statutes for many years and these cases have relatively high probabilities of favorable outcomes. This discretion may nevertheless be curbed by defendant characteristics beyond the prosecutor's control, including gender.

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Section: The Case Of Sex Traffickingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The Case Of Sex Traffickingmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Charging sex traffickers under federal law: What dispositions should we expect when applying theories on prosecutorial decision‐making?

Judge¹,

Dole

2022

J Empirical Legal Studies

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“…Donde existen más trabajos sobre sentencias por delitos de trata de seres humanos es en Estados Unidos. Allí, uno de los estudios más importantes analiza los datos de 2317 sentencias condenatorias derivadas de los casos conocidos por los tribunales federales de Estados Unidos durante los años 2001 a 2010 sobre trata de seres humanos para explotación sexual o laboral (Albonetti, 2014). Según los datos obtenidos por el autor, en los supuestos en que la finalidad es la explotación sexual solo el 5% de los condenados eran mujeres y en general eran nacionales americanos de raza blanca y con niveles de educación mediana-alta.…”

Section: Prevalencia De La Trata De Seres Humanos: Fenomenología E Incidencia Judicialunclassified

Análisis descriptivo de sentencias sobre trata de personas: Un estudio de casos judiciales entre 2011 y 2019

Paisal

2020

REIC

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El trabajo presenta los resultados de un estudio cuantitativo con una muestra censal (N=221) de las sentencias dictadas por las Audiencias Provinciales sobre trata de seres humanos existentes en la base de datos CENDOJ durante los años 2011 a 2019. Se pretende conocer la prevalencia y la tipología de los casos que llegan a los tribunales con el objetivo de comparar estos con los datos ofrecidos por los estudios de prevalencia fenomenológica. Entre los resultados, destaca que el 99% de supuestos son por trata internacional con fines de explotación sexual (85%). Los acusados son mayormente extranjeros (92%) y hay un número importante de mujeres. Las víctimas son mujeres (90%) y extranjeras (98,6%). El 33% de las sentencias terminan en absolución. La principal conclusión es que los resultados muestran una sobrerrepresentación de casos de trata para explotación sexual en los que la víctima procede de terminados países extranjeros.

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“…Bjelland and Vestby, 2017). Faced with resource scarcity and often also a heavy case load, police and prosecutors must commonly take a tactical approach, seeking alternative penal sanctions to make convictions easier to obtain in court (Albonetti, 2014;Farrell et al, 2016;Wade, 2012).…”

Section: Goals and Success In Policing Thbmentioning

confidence: 99%

Conceptions of Success: Understandings of Successful Policing of Human Trafficking

Bjelland¹

2018

Policing: A Journal of Policy and Practice

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Most organizations experience multiple demands that challenge the performance of organizational tasks. While line officers' duties are specified by their organization's rules and obligations, they may hold different understandings of success that potentially conflict with the core aims set by management. Using the policing of human trafficking in Norway as a case example, this study aims to explore subjective conceptions of success in police organizations. Analysing data from interviews with police and prosecutors, the study identifies three separate conceptions of success in responses to human trafficking and explores how police officers dealing with multiple organizational goals balance their individual values with the rules and regulations of their organizations. The study offers important insights into some of the conflicts faced by police investigating complex crimes where the victims require particular attention, and asks whether there is a need for alternative assessments of success in such crimes.

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Changes in federal sentencing for forced labor trafficking and for sex trafficking: a ten year assessment

Cited by 8 publications

References 14 publications

Charging sex traffickers under federal law: What dispositions should we expect when applying theories on prosecutorial decision‐making?

Charging sex traffickers under federal law: What dispositions should we expect when applying theories on prosecutorial decision‐making?

Análisis descriptivo de sentencias sobre trata de personas: Un estudio de casos judiciales entre 2011 y 2019

Conceptions of Success: Understandings of Successful Policing of Human Trafficking

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