Changes in fatty acid profile and chemical composition of meagre (Argyrosomus regius) fed with different lipid and selenium levels

Abstract

This study aimed to evaluate changes in body composition, specially muscle and liver fatty acid profile in meagre (Argyrosomus regius) fed with different dietary lipid sources and levels, with or without selenium supplementation. Six hundred meagre were fed twice a day, 6 days per week, with eight experimental diets for 60 days. Diets were a combination of fish oil or a vegetable blend (45% linseed + 35% rapeseed + 20% soybean oil), at 12 or 17% of oil and 0 or 1 mg/kg of organic selenium, in a 2 × 2 × 2 factorial design. The whole body protein and lipid content were affected by the dietary oil source. Fish oil diets increased long‐chain (LC) PUFAs content in the edible tissues, while vegetable oil‐based diets increased short‐chain (SC) PUFAs. Vegetable oil diet tended to decrease the fish protein content. A higher lipid liver content was observed in meagre fed the vegetable oil blend. The results also suggested the ability of meagre to convert SC‐PUFA to LC‐PUFA when the vegetable oil is included in their diet. The possibility for partial substitution of fish oil by vegetable oil in meagre diets, resulting in lower dependence of fish oil in meagre farming, is also demonstrated here. Practical applications: The growing importance of aquaculture for basic food supply, and the urge for cost‐effective and sustainable feeds that maintain or even increase fish quality, makes the search for alternatives to common feeds a route of upmost importance, as the vegetable oil here addressed. SC‐PUFA and LC‐PUFA contents of the studied tissues increased with diets supplemented with 17% oil level, which may ultimately add more value to this farmed species. These results indicate the possibility of the partial substitution of fish oil by vegetable oil in meagre diets, resulting in lower dependence on fish oil for fish farming. Meagre were fed with different dietary lipid sources and levels, with or without selenium supplementation, in a total of eight experimental diets during 60 days, in a 2 × 2 × 2 factorial design. Fish oil diet increases HUFAs and vegetable oil diet increases PUFAs in body composition. There is great potential for partial substitution of fish oil by vegetable oil in meagre (Argyrosomus regius) diets, resulting in lower dependence of fish oil in meagre farming.

Responses of Chemical Functional Groups in Coleus Blumei Roots under Lead Stress with Exogenous Selenium Treatment Using 2-dimensional Correlation FTIR Spectra

“…This indicates that there were no changes in the chemical composition of the roots, but that their contents were influenced by treatment with Pb and Se. This finding is consistent with results from recent reports on grape pomace [36] and meager [37]. The absorption peaks displacement of certain functional groups involved in heavy metal adsorption changes to different degrees, e.g., the absorption peak of OH group (3,416-3,900 cm −1 ), and carbonyl group (1,000-1,100 cm −1 , and 1,270 cm −1 ), which may act as Pb ligands and participate in the processes of Pb sequestration in coleus roots with exogenous Se treatments [38].…”

Comparison of Fatty Acid and Biochemical Composition of Cultured Meagre (Argyrosomus regius Asso 1801) in Two Different Regions of Turkey

“…Similar results were obtained by Atalay and Bilal [4] who evaluated different commercial diets in sea bream (Sparus aurata) and sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax). In addition, Yildiz et al (2008) studying with the sea bream and sea bass, Grigorakis et al [18] and Simões et al [19]studying with meagre reported that the fatty acid composition of fish fillet generally reflects the dietary fatty acids. Most probably, these changes reflect variations in the feeding regime applied during culture.…”

Biomarker Studies in Stress Biology: From the Gene to Population, from the Organism to the Application

“…On the other hand, a non-hypothesis driven approach, where the overall view and expected and non-expected mechanisms are targeted, may suit a distantiation and better search for the unknown and intrinsic complexity of interconnected responses, but most often decreasing method sensitivity and increasing the challenge and risk of falling into too much indigestible information [ 9 ]. A more complete array of explanatory non-hypothesis driven tools such as a vaster selection of target biomarkers with higher throughput techniques like OMICS [ 35 , 43 , 44 , 45 ] or the fatty acid profile [ 34 , 46 , 47 , 48 , 49 ], e.g., may help us to hold a comprehensive knowledge of multipart biological processes as integrated systems rather than an assembly of isolated parts, but comes with an array of associated challenges and complex methods falling beyond the scope of this work.…”

“…Considering this latter issue, studies may address stress biomarkers (such as oxidative stress markers of energetic endpoints) to understand best practices for aquatic organism handling, transportation, and acclimation and quarantine (e.g., [ 75 ]), which normally are addressed by verifying injury or death, which is in fact a later stage of distress and does not account for animal welfare. To maintain the best somatic and germinative growth, the best conditions should be maintained, and this includes balanced and optimized feeds that may not only provide best nutritional value but also best performances, which can be addressed through fatty acids or oxidative stress biomarkers (e.g., [ 46 , 76 , 77 ]). Even when focusing on new biotechnological challenges for aquaculture feed and reducing mortality when facing severe pathologies, biomarkers can be valuable tools to evaluate fitness, as in the example of the study by Félix et al [ 78 ] where shrimp resilience against a known Vibrio pathogen was assessed after the inclusion of different seaweed extracts in their feed, concluding about the efficiency of these novel feeds by addressing histopathological biomarkers on the shrimp’s hepatopancreas in order to evaluate possible damage caused by V. parahaemolyticus infection.…”