Changes in electrical activity of the brain with vigilance

Belyavin, A.; Wright, Nicola

doi:10.1016/0013-4694(87)90183-0

Cited by 138 publications

(76 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…The two measures that more often correlate with worse performance are increasing theta and decreasing beta. Similar to the univariate EEG measures, multivariate EEG changes do not correlate well with performance on a sustained attention task until performance is markedly diminished, with decreased beta activity being the most useful discriminant (Belyavin and Wright, 1987). This study also observed that the EEG correlated greater with performance on a sustained attention task requiring working memory rather than simply visual discrimination, reinforcing the observations regarding vigilance decrements and working memory described in Section 2.3.3.…”

Section: Eeg-performance Relationshipsupporting

confidence: 75%

“…The intersubject correlation between EEG and performance changes on a sustained attention task is not consistent or large, especially in well-rested subjects (Belyavin and Wright, 1987;Boddy, 1971;Cajochen et al, 1999;Kornfeld and Beatty, 1977;Otmani et al, 2005;Townsend and Johnson, 1979;Williams et al, 1962). The two measures that more often correlate with worse performance are increasing theta and decreasing beta.…”

Section: Eeg-performance Relationshipmentioning

confidence: 91%

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Vigilance, alertness, or sustained attention: physiological basis and measurement

Oken

Salinsky

Elsas

2006

Clinical Neurophysiology

634

417

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Vigilance is a term with varied definitions but the most common usage is sustained attention or tonic alertness. This usage of vigilance implies both the degree of arousal on the sleep-wake axis and the level of cognitive performance. There are many interacting neural and neurotransmitter systems that affect vigilance. Most studies of vigilance have relied on states where the sleep-wake state is altered, e.g. drowsiness, sleep-deprivation, and CNS-active drugs, but there are factors ranging from psychophysics to motivation that may impact vigilance. While EEG is the most commonly studied physiologic measure of vigilance, various measures of eye movement and of autonomic nervous system activity have also been used. This review paper discusses the underlying neural basis of vigilance and its assessment using physiologic tools. Since, assessment of vigilance requires assessment of cognitive function this aspect is also discussed.

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Section: Eeg-performance Relationshipsupporting

confidence: 75%

Section: Eeg-performance Relationshipmentioning

confidence: 91%

Vigilance, alertness, or sustained attention: physiological basis and measurement

Oken

Salinsky

Elsas

2006

Clinical Neurophysiology

634

417

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“…Consistently, other studies have also found increasing alpha activity and a drop of beta activity during fatigue [23,24]. Belyavin and Wright [25] pointed out that the most useful indicator for reduced vigilance was the clear decrease in beta activity, while the increase in alpha activity was proposed as the most sensitive indicator for fatigue by Torsvall and Akerstedt [26]. In addition, Lal and Craig [10] found a significant increase of delta and theta activities during fatigue.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 61%

Electroencephalogram assessment of mental fatigue in visual search

Fan

Zhou

Liu

et al. 2015

BME

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Abstract. Mental fatigue is considered to be a contributing factor responsible for numerous road accidents and various medical conditions and the efficiency and performance could be impaired during fatigue. Hence, determining how to evaluate mental fatigue is very important. In the present study, ten subjects performed a long-term visual search task with electroencephalogram recorded, and self-assessment and reaction time (RT) were combined to verify if mental fatigue had been induced and were also used as confirmatory tests for the proposed measures. The changes in relative energy in four wavebands į ș Į and ȕ), four ratio formulas [(D + T)/E, D/E, (D + T)/(D + E), and T/E], and Shannon's entropy (SE) were compared and analyzed between the beginning and end of the task. The results showed that a significant increase occurred in alpha activity in the frontal, central, posterior temporal, parietal, and occipital lobes, and a dip occurred in the beta activity in the pre-frontal, inferior frontal, posterior temporal, and occipital lobes. The ratio formulas clearly increased in all of these brain regions except the temporal region, where only D/E changed obviously after finishing the 60-min visual search task. SE significantly increased in the posterior temporal, parietal, and occipital lobes. These results demonstrate some potential indicators for mental fatigue detection and evaluation, which can be applied in the future development of countermeasures to fatigue.

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“…(i) One hundred and ten clicks (2-ms-wide square pulses, 75 decibels sound pressure level) were presented binaurally through head phones at random interstimulus intervals of [3][4][5][6][7] (9,16,25). RT was recorded separately with a temporal resolution of 1 ms.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The ways in which ERPs change when subjects actively respond to auditory stimuli instead of passively listening to them are well known (5). But while it is known that mean EEG spectral power in several frequency bands covaries with changes over time in performance of simple tasks (6,7), less is known about rapid event-related changes in non-phase-locked EEG activity during task performance (8).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Different event-related patterns of gamma-band power in brain waves of fast- and slow-reacting subjects.

Jokeit

Makeig²

1994

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

118

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Fast-and dow-reacting subjects exhibit dif- By contrast, averages of time-varying event-related spectral (ERS) power reveal event-related modulations of ongoing or stimulus-induced oscillatory EEG activity, which are roughly time-locked but not specifically phase-locked to such events (4). The ways in which ERPs change when subjects actively respond to auditory stimuli instead of passively listening to them are well known (5). But while it is known that mean EEG spectral power in several frequency bands covaries with changes over time in performance of simple tasks (6, 7), less is known about rapid event-related changes in non-phase-locked EEG activity during task performance (8).This is particularly true for v-band EEG frequencies (25-90 Hz or higher) that are most commonly supposed to be associated with awareness or conscious perception (9-14). In human subjects, --band activity is enhanced during intense vigilance and performance ofcognitive tasks (6,9,10,(15)(16)(17), suppressed during central anesthesia and slow wave sleep (11, 12), and has been proposed to play essential roles in olfactory recognition, temporal integration, visual feature binding and segregation, and sensorimotor integration (18-24). Human ERPs evoked by auditory and other stimuli contain some v-band oscillations (25-27), but in animal cortex, vband activity induced by olfactory and visual stimuli usually appear as irregular bursts roughly time-locked but not phase-locked to stimulus onsets (20, 28-31).The present study answers three questions: (i) How does the EEG frequency spectrum after presentation of brief auditory stimuli differ when subjects react quickly to the stimuli instead of passively listening to them? (ii) Do v-band components ofthe stimulus-locked ERP also differ in the two conditions? (iii) Do fast-and slow-reacting subjects have qualitatively similar or different dynamic patterns of vband EEG activity during the response task? Our analysis of time-varying power in the v-frequency band demonstrates that two different modes of auditory-response processing underlie between-subject reaction time differences, supporting claims that vband activity has functional significance in sensorimotor processing. METHODSTwenty-three right-handed adults (ages 20-53) were tested in two conditions. (i) One hundred and ten clicks (2-ms-wide square pulses, 75 decibels sound pressure level) were presented binaurally through head phones at random interstimulus intervals of 3-7 s. (ii) Subjects were asked to react as quickly as possible to a second set of 275 identical clicks by pressing a response button with the right index finger. EEG epochs of 640 ms, beginning 128 ms before each click, were recorded with a sampling rate of 2000 Hz using a 12 bit analog/digital converter with an analog high-pass-filter cutoff

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Changes in electrical activity of the brain with vigilance

Cited by 138 publications

References 6 publications

Vigilance, alertness, or sustained attention: physiological basis and measurement

Vigilance, alertness, or sustained attention: physiological basis and measurement

Electroencephalogram assessment of mental fatigue in visual search

Different event-related patterns of gamma-band power in brain waves of fast- and slow-reacting subjects.

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