Changes in DNA methylation are associated with loss of insecticide resistance in the peach‐potato aphid <i>Myzus persicae</i> (Sulz.)

Field, L. M.; Devonshire, A. L.; ffrench‐Constant, Richard H.; Forde, Brian G.

doi:10.1016/0014-5793(89)80154-1

Cited by 103 publications

(89 citation statements)

References 21 publications

(41 reference statements)

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“…The sequences shown in Figure 2 are part of a CpG island at the 5h end of the E4 gene (L. M. Field and A. L. Devonshire, unpublished work) analogous with promoters of vertebrate housekeeping genes [23] and may indicate that E4 lacks tissue-specific expression. However, the presence of such a CpG island in an invertebrate gene and the reported correlation between DNA methylation and E4 gene transcription [24] is contrary to the generally held views on the role of DNA methylation in gene expression and is currently under investigation.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 70%

Structure and organization of amplicons containing the E4 esterase genes responsible for insecticide resistance in the aphid Myzus persicae (Sulzer)

Field

Devonshire

1997

Biochemical Journal

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Insecticide resistance in the aphid Myzus persicae results primarily from the amplification of genes encoding the insecticidedetoxifying esterase, E4. Here we report the analysis of flanking DNA co-amplified with the E4 gene. The 5h end of this gene has an untranslated leader sequence interspersed by two introns, and the promoter region lacks TATA and CAAT boxes. The DNA breakpoint involved in the generation of the amplification is just upstream (approx. 250 bp) of the putative E4 transcription start site ; thus the E4 gene is very close to the 5h end of the approx.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 70%

Structure and organization of amplicons containing the E4 esterase genes responsible for insecticide resistance in the aphid Myzus persicae (Sulzer)

Field

Devonshire

1997

Biochemical Journal

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“…However, it was not apparent within the kdr-RR category, because all clones in this instance (with the exception of the two esterase-revertant clones) had very high esterase levels (RR slope: 0.08, SE 0.17, P ¼ 0.65). The two esterase-revertant clones (having the genotype for R 3 amplified esterase, but the susceptible phenotype (Field et al, 1989) segregated with other high-esterase clones, in that they exhibited a limited …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analogous pleiotropic effects of insecticide resistance genotypes in peach–potato aphids and houseflies

et al. 2003

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We show that single-point mutations conferring target-site resistance (kdr) to pyrethroids and DDT in aphids and houseflies, and gene amplification conferring metabolic resistance (carboxylesterase) to organophosphates and carbamates in aphids, can have deleterious pleiotropic effects on fitness. Behavioural studies on peach-potato aphids showed that a reduced response to alarm pheromone was associated with both gene amplification and the kdr target-site mutation. In this species, gene amplification was also associated with a decreased propensity to move from senescing leaves to fresh leaves at low temperature. Housefly genotypes possessing the identical kdr mutation were also shown to exhibit behavioural differences in comparison with susceptible insects. In this species, resistant individuals showed no positional preference along a temperature gradient while susceptible genotypes exhibited a strong preference for warmer temperatures.

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“…3b), and this trait was inherited by many of its progeny. Loss of methylation of E4 sequences in M persicae is correlated with loss of expression (Field et a!., 1989), and could be the reason for the lower than expected immunoassay readings in many of the progeny from crosses involving French R. The nature of this partial methylation is not clear; it could involve differences in methylation status between gene copies at one site, between sites, between cells or tissues, or between embryos within an individual aphid. A cross between 800F (females) and DS (males) provided 33 F1 clones, of which 25 were karyotyped and 12 had inherited the autosome 2 dissociation from DS (expectation = 50 per cent = 12.5).…”

Section: Immunoassaymentioning

confidence: 97%

Inheritance of the amplified esterase genes responsible for insecticide resistance in Myzus persicae (Homoptera: Aphididae)

et al. 1996

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Insecticide-resistant and susceptible clones of Myzus persicae were induced to produce sexual morphs and crossed in the laboratory. Progeny clones were analysed for karyotype, esterase (E4, FE4 or S) gene type and activity, and amplified E4 and FE4 genes were located on their chromosomes by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). Amplified FE4 genes of resistant parent clones (800F and French R) were inherited according to expectations. Chromosomal locations of these genes (on autosomes 1 and 3 in 800F, and on 1 and 2 in French R) were confirmed by FISH analysis of progeny that had inherited an autosome 2 marker (a dissociation) from the susceptible parent (DS). Inheritance of amplified E4 genes could not be studied directly as none of the available clones was able to produce mating females. Males from two clones with amplified E4 genes (and with the A1,3 translocation that is common to all E4-producing genotypes) were therefore mated with females from clones with amplified FE4 genes at known chromosomal locations. Progeny were obtained with both E4 and FE4 genes, a combination not yet found in nature. Analysis of F1 and subsequent generations confirmed that the amplified E4 site on autosome 3T is close to the translocation breakpoint, and apparently coallelic with the amplified FE4 site on the normal autosome 3 inherited from 800F. One of the translocated parent clones (4156) had two additional E4 sites, unlinked to the translocation, which were inherited according to expectation. Esterase activities of progeny clones, measured by immunoassay, mostly corresponded to the number of amplified sites inherited, with some discrepancies which could be attributed to copy number differences between sites, inheritance of partially methylated genes from French R, or position effect variegation at the site on 3T• Inheritance of the A1,3 translocation in two crosses differed markedly from expectation.

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Changes in DNA methylation are associated with loss of insecticide resistance in the peach‐potato aphid Myzus persicae (Sulz.)

Cited by 103 publications

References 21 publications

Structure and organization of amplicons containing the E4 esterase genes responsible for insecticide resistance in the aphid Myzus persicae (Sulzer)

Structure and organization of amplicons containing the E4 esterase genes responsible for insecticide resistance in the aphid Myzus persicae (Sulzer)

Analogous pleiotropic effects of insecticide resistance genotypes in peach–potato aphids and houseflies

Inheritance of the amplified esterase genes responsible for insecticide resistance in Myzus persicae (Homoptera: Aphididae)

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