Analogous pleiotropic effects of insecticide resistance genotypes in peach–potato aphids and houseflies

Abstract

We show that single-point mutations conferring target-site resistance (kdr) to pyrethroids and DDT in aphids and houseflies, and gene amplification conferring metabolic resistance (carboxylesterase) to organophosphates and carbamates in aphids, can have deleterious pleiotropic effects on fitness. Behavioural studies on peach-potato aphids showed that a reduced response to alarm pheromone was associated with both gene amplification and the kdr target-site mutation. In this species, gene amplification was also associated with a decreased propensity to move from senescing leaves to fresh leaves at low temperature. Housefly genotypes possessing the identical kdr mutation were also shown to exhibit behavioural differences in comparison with susceptible insects. In this species, resistant individuals showed no positional preference along a temperature gradient while susceptible genotypes exhibited a strong preference for warmer temperatures.

Fitness costs of key point mutations that underlie acaricide target‐site resistance in the two‐spotted spider miteTetranychus urticae

“…Moreover, these mutations also appear to affect nerve functioning and behavior in insect species. For example, a pyrethroid‐resistant strain of Musca domestica responds differently to changes in temperature (Foster et al., 2003) and pyrethroid resistance in A. gambiae and A. aegypti is associated with a lowered ability of host seeking and an increased locomotor activity, respectively (Brito et al., 2013; Diop et al., 2015). It is therefore possible that we have missed a potential pleiotropic effect of the L1024V mutation on the behavior of T. urticae .…”

Seasonal fluctuation in susceptibility to insecticides within natural populations of Drosophila melanogaster. II. Features of genetic variation in susceptibility to organophosphate insecticides within natural populations of D. melanogaster

“…Until now, reversion to susceptibility has often been observed in laboratory or field populations of insects, and fitness costs or deleterious effects of resistance genes have been observed (mosquito Culex pipiens: Berticat et al, 2002;Berticat et al, 2004;Bourguet et al, 2004 : Foster et al, 2003;Foster et al, 2005). If resistance factors have disadvantageous effects on fitness, it is expected that the frequencies of resistance factors within insect populations tend to decrease under no insecticide environments, which results in the tendency towards a decrease in levels of resistance to insecticides within insect populations (Crow, 1957).…”

Ecological Impacts of Pesticides in Agricultural Ecosystem

“…Some strains of M. persicae with over expressing high levels of carboxylesterase (due to structural gene amplification) show a reduced tendency to move away from senescing leaves compared with susceptible counterpart (Foster et al 1997(Foster et al , 2003. This behaviour caused higher mortality during worst winter weather conditions and so can be regarded as a deleterious pleiotropic effect of pesticide resistance.…”

“…This behaviour caused higher mortality during worst winter weather conditions and so can be regarded as a deleterious pleiotropic effect of pesticide resistance. Studies have been shown that peachpotato aphids caring both gene amplification and the knock down mutation has reduced response to alarm pheromone (Foster et al, 2003).…”

“…When pressure of insecticide is diminished on resistant strain, the number of resistant individual in population quickly reduce due to fitness cost (Crow, 1957;Carrière and Roff, 1995;McKenzie, 1996; as cited in Arnaud et al, 2005). Although the majority of insecticide resistance strains show fitness cost (McKenzie, 1996;Foster et al, 2003;Berticat et al, 2004; as cited in Arnaud et al, 2005;Ghadamyari et al, 2008), a few researches present species with no fitness cost (McKenzie, 1996;Oppert et al, 2000;McCant et al, 2005). For example "some resistant strains of mosquitoes in absence of pesticides showed only one quarter of the reproductive potential of susceptible strains" (Georghiou and Taylor, 1977).…”