Changes in direct current (DC) potentials and infra‐slow EEG oscillations at the onset of the luteinizing hormone (LH) pulse

Marshall, Lisa; Mölle, Matthias; Fehm, Horst L.; Born, Jan

doi:10.1046/j.1460-9568.2000.00304.x

Cited by 19 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 52 publications

(97 reference statements)

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“…Slow oscillations, which were originally discovered by Steriade et al (15,16) using intracellular recordings and were subsequently confirmed in human sleep EEG recordings (17,34,35), grasp the entire thalamocortical system. However, they can be recorded also in isolated slabs of neocortical tissue which, hence, is considered the primary generator structure of these oscillations.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 84%

Learning increases human electroencephalographic coherence during subsequent slow sleep oscillations

Mölle

Marshall²,

Gais³

et al. 2004

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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Learning is assumed to induce specific changes in neuronal activity during sleep that serve the consolidation of newly acquired memories. To specify such changes, we measured electroencephalographic (EEG) coherence during performance on a declarative learning task (word pair associations) and subsequent sleep. Compared with a nonlearning control condition, learning performance was accompanied with a strong increase in coherence in several EEG frequency bands. During subsequent non-rapid eye movement sleep, coherence only marginally increased in a global analysis of EEG recordings. However, a striking and robust increase in learning-dependent coherence was found when analyses were performed time-locked to the occurrence of slow oscillations (<1 Hz). Specifically, the surface-positive half-waves of the slow oscillation resulting from widespread cortical depolarization were associated with distinctly enhanced coherence after learning in the slow-oscillatory, delta, slow-spindle, and gamma bands. The findings identify the depolarizing phase of the slow oscillations in humans as a time period particularly relevant for a reprocessing of memories in sleep.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 84%

Learning increases human electroencephalographic coherence during subsequent slow sleep oscillations

Mölle

Marshall²,

Gais³

et al. 2004

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

Self Cite

189

127

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“…The slow oscillation can also be identified in the human sleep EEG, in which a spectral peak in power at ∼0.8 Hz is found (Steriade et al 1993;Achermann and Borbély 1997;Marshall et al 2000;Mölle et al 2002). Slow oscillations grasp the entire thalamo-cortical system.…”

Section: Reactivation Of Newly Formed Memories During Sleepmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…Notably, these changes in slow oscillatory and spindle power across the initial sleep cycles are paralleled by distinct changes in the transcortical direct current (DC) potential, which shifts steeply toward negativity over frontocortical sites during transition into SWS. During SWS, this DC-potential negativity is maintained and only slightly decreases toward the end of the period (Marshall et al 1996(Marshall et al , 1998. The time course of DC-potential changes is strongly correlated (with average coefficients r > 0.80) with changes in spindle, delta, and slow oscillatory activity (Marshall et al 2003).…”

Section: Reactivation Of Newly Formed Memories During Sleepmentioning

confidence: 93%

Declarative memory consolidation: Mechanisms acting during human sleep

Gais¹,

Born²

2004

Learn. Mem.

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Of late, an increasing number of studies have shown a strong relationship between sleep and memory. Here we summarize a series of our own studies in humans supporting a beneficial influence of slow-wave sleep (SWS) on declarative memory formation, and try to identify some mechanisms that might underlie this influence. Specifically, these experiments show that declarative memory benefits mainly from sleep periods dominated by SWS, whereas there is no consistent benefit of this memory from periods rich in rapid eye movement (REM) sleep. A main mechanism of declarative memory formation is believed to be the reactivation of newly acquired memory representations in hippocampal networks that stimulates a transfer and integration of these representations into neocortical neuronal networks. Consistent with this model, spindle activity and slow oscillation-related EEG coherence increase during early sleep after intense declarative learning in humans, signs that together point toward a neocortical reprocessing of the learned material. In addition, sleep seems to provide an optimal milieu for declarative memory reprocessing and consolidation by reducing cholinergic activation and the cortisol feedback to the hippocampus during SWS.

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“…A general rule is that higher frequency patterns emerge locally whereas lower frequencies involve larger brain regions. Finally, slow oscillations have been described in numerous brain structures and can occur simultaneously in the neocortex, basal ganglia, limbic system, basal forebrain and the autonomous nervous system (Allers et al, 2000;Marshall et al, 2000;Wichmann et al, 2002;Sirota et al, 2003). However, the wave-by-wave coherence within the ripple diminishes rapidly within a few hundred micrometers (Csicsvari et al, 2000).…”

Section: Relationship Between Various Brain Oscillatorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Natural logarithmic relationship between brain oscillators

Penttonen

Buzsáki

2003

THL

182

156

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Behaviorally relevant brain oscillations relate to each other in a specific manner to allow neuronal networks of different sizes with wide variety of connections to cooperate in a coordinated manner. For example, thalamo-cortical and hippocampal oscillations form numerous frequency bands, which follow a general rule. Specifically, the center frequencies and frequency ranges of oscillation bands with successively faster frequencies, from ultra-slow to ultra-fast frequency oscillations, form an arithmetic progression on the natural logarithmic scale. Due to mathematical properties of natural logarithm, the cycle lengths (periods) of oscillations, as an inverse of frequency, also form an arithmetic progression after natural logarithmic transformation. As a general rule, the neuronal excitability is larger during a certain phase of the oscillation period. Because the intervals between these activation phases and the temporal window of activation vary in proportion to the length of the oscillation period, lower frequency oscillations allow for an integration of neuronal effects with longer delays and larger variability in delays and larger areas of involvement. Neural representations based on these oscillations could therefore be complex. In contrast, high frequency oscillation bands allow for a more precise and spatially limited representation of information by incorporating synaptic events from closely located regions with short synaptic delays and limited variability. The large family of oscillation frequency bands with a constant relation may serve to overcome the information processing limitations imposed by the synaptic delays.

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Changes in direct current (DC) potentials and infra‐slow EEG oscillations at the onset of the luteinizing hormone (LH) pulse

Cited by 19 publications

References 52 publications

Learning increases human electroencephalographic coherence during subsequent slow sleep oscillations

Learning increases human electroencephalographic coherence during subsequent slow sleep oscillations

Declarative memory consolidation: Mechanisms acting during human sleep

Natural logarithmic relationship between brain oscillators

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