Changes in circulating adiponectin, leptin, glucose and C‐peptide in patients with ketosis‐prone diabetes

Abstract

In spite of the higher BMI in the ketosis-prone diabetes - insulin group, lower leptin and higher adiponectin levels may contribute to improved β-cell function and insulin sensitivity, as evidenced by lower glucose and higher C-peptide levels. This allows insulin therapy to be withdrawn.

Atypical forms of diabetes mellitus in Africans and other non-European ethnic populations in low- and middle-income countries: a systematic literature review

“…However KPD has been used in other studies of residents and emigrants from LMIC to denote newly diagnosed diabetes, usually after the age of 30 years of age, with symptoms and signs of diabetes, unprovoked ketosis (absence of provoking factor for ketosis such as infection), transient insulin requirement and absence of islet cells (ICAs Ab) and glutamic acid decarboxylase anti-bodies (GADAb) [12,29,32,34,35]. This phenotype is variously described as ketosis prone diabetes [28,31,33] or ketosis prone type 2 diabetes [12]. These names have been used interchangeably in the same article by some authors [27].…”

“…Furthermore, subgroups of patients presenting with ketosis have been defined: ketosis prone diabetes type 1a which is defined as equivalent to classic diabetes type 1a characterized by autoimmune destruction of beta cells in the pancreas, ketosis prone type 1b defined as diabetes with non autoimmune beta cells function failure, ketosis prone type 2a and ketosis prone type 2b respectively characterized by preserved beta cell function and with presence of autoantibodies in the type 2a and without antibodies in type 2b [29]. In another study, subgroups of KPD were defined using different names, such as KPDM-insulin in which diabetes could be controlled after discontinuing insulin and using alternative treatments and KPDM+insulin characterized by insulin requirement for life in order to manage hyperglycaemia [33].…”

Uncommon Presentations of Diabetes: Zebras in the Herd

“…For example, potential predisposing factors in people of West African descent may include an alteration of the PAX4 gene (25) and the coexistence of glucose-6phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency (26). Factors potentially associated with a higher possibility of discontinuing insulin therapy include lower leptin and higher adiponectin levels (27) and the absence of autoimmune markers (28).…”